VARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUliSNI NVINOSHilKIS S3 I Z CO Z CO > fUliSNI NVINOSHilWS^Sa I d Vd 8 CO BRAR i ESSMITHSONIAN Nsrr | > IARIES SMITHSONIANJNSTITUTION NOIinillSNI^NVINOSHilttlS 2 ^ I 2 x^_ , - .niusNi NiviNosHims LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTI i/y -r - ni!lSNINVINOSHlWS 8RAR 1 ESSMITHSONIANINSTI \ AR I ES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION^NOIinillSNI NVINOSHiltNS^ I d Z r CO Z CO 1 K%.^ 1 d$s^ I /^f5^s z' niliSNI__NVINOSHimSS3 I d Vd 8 ll^L I B R AR I ES^SMITHSONIAN JNSTI1 UJ VARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIiniliSNINVINOSHilWSSS I O x^vi /* 3 I RARIES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIifUliSNl NVINOSHJLI1NS S3U LnillSNI_NVINOSHJLIWS S3 I d VU 8 M_L I B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN JNSTI i^^l/^^i oy _ xi'^AK* m \m*m*r&/ ;j V'iX41P p 5/ ~ r '' * / O \tl\OS VA^>X z -J z j z RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIlfUIJLSNI NVINOSH1IWS S3M ^TTr^X m ^ M ^ B RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN^INST RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinillSNI c^ 2 ^ ^ ^ ^i^Tx u . , u) /&ti\ ^ /^^\ v> Lni!lSNI^NVINOSHllkNS_S3 I a Vd a 11 ""LI B RAR I ES Z SMITHSONIAN" J |NST 9 /^J2s^\ i o\ 50 r | >"-.[p| a/ xj rr . \.^ f ^^^^~^j/ -\^- ^ VIVASV^ m x^^vx ^ m RARIES SMITHSONIAN~"lNSTlTUTION C/> NOIiniliSNl""NVINOSHimS C/) S3l CO 2 CO CO " >' i a vy a H Z LI B RAR i ES^SMITHSONIAN^NSTI O RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN f _INSTITUTION :Z NOIiniliSNrNVINOSHims'"S3 o PROCEEDINGS OF THE Biological Society of Washington VOLUME XIII 1899 - 1900 WASHINGTON PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY 1901 COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS 1899 T. S. PALMER, Chairman F. H. KNOWLTON O. F. COOK 1900 F. H. KNOWLTON, Chairman T. S. PALMER C. L. POLLARD CONTENTS. Officers and committees for 1899 .................................... . .......... : ........... v Officers and committees for 1900 ............................................................ vii Proceedings ........................................................................... . .................. ix-xx Notes on the Naked-tailed Armadillos, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr ...... 1-8 A New Pigmy Oryzomys from the Santa Marta Region of Colom bia, by Outram Bangs .......................................................................... 9-10 Description of a New Vole from Eastern Siberia, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr .................................................................................................. 11-12 A New Vole from Hall Island, Bering Sea, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. 13-14 The Florida Puma, by Outram Bangs ................................................... 15-17 Descriptions of Six New Rodents of the Genera Aplodontia and Thomomys, by C. Hart Merriam .......................................................... 19-21 Notes on Three Genera of Dolphins, by T. S. Palmer ................... 23-24 Descriptions of New Birds from Northwestern Mexico, by E. W. Nelson ........................................................................................................ 25-31 Two New Glossophagine Bats from the West Indies, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr ...................................................................... ....................... 33-37 A New Polar Hare from Labrador, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr ............ 39-40 Chamcea fasciata and its Subspecies, by Wilfred H. Osgood ......... 41-42 Description of a new Lemming Mouse from the White Moun tains, New Hampshire, by Edward A. Preble ................................ 43-45 The Eye of Byblis serrata, by Sylvester D. Judd ............................ 47-51 A New Fossil Bear from Ohio, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr ................... 53-56 A New Moose from Alaska, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr ______ , .......... ......... 57-59 Ferns of the Dismal Swamp, Virginia, by William Palmer ......... 61-70 Notes on Tatoua and Other Genera of Edentates, by T. S. Palmer .................................................................................................... 71-73 A New Treefrog from the District of Columbia, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr ............................................................. .................................... 75-78 The Dogbanes of the District of Columbia, by Gerrit S. Mil ler, Jr ....................................................................................................... 79-90 On Some New or Rare Birds from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, by Outram Bangs ................................................. 91-108 The Botanical Explorations of Thomas Nuttall in California, by Frederick V. Coville ......................................................................... 109-121 Three New Bats from the Island of Curacao, by Gerrit S. Mil ler, Jr ............................................................................ . ...................... 123-127 Eight New Species of North American Plants, by Charles Louis Pollard ..................................................................................................... 129-132 Some New or Noteworthy Louisiana Plants, by Charles Louis Pollard and Carleton R. Ball ............................................................. 133-135 Seven New Rats Collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott in Siam, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr .............................................................................. 137-150 Descriptions of Two New Mammals from California, by C. Hart Merriam .................................................................................................... 151 Description of a New Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys) from Mexico, by C. Hart Merriam ................................................................ 152 Descriptions of Two New Mammals from Southern California, by F. Stephens ............................................................................. 153 General Notes ............................................................................... . .......... 154-158 Vespertilio concinnus of Harrison Allen, 154; Generic name Evotomys not invalidated by Anaptogonia, 154; Note on Micronycteris brachyotis Dobson and M. microtis Miller, 154; Systematic name of the Cuban Red Bat, 155; Note on the Vespertilio blythii of Tomes, 155; The Scotopliilus pachyo- (iii) IV it >/* of Tomes a valid species, 155; A bat of the genus Lii'honijftti'ix in South America, 156; Systematic name of the large noctule bat of Europe, 156; Antennaria solitaria lu'arlhe District of Columbia, 157; Batrachium hederaceum in America, 157: Change of name, 158. A Second Collection of Hats from the Island of Curasao, by u.Trit S. Miller, Jr 159-162 A New Gerbille from Eastern Turkestan, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. 163-164 General Notes 165-170 The systematic name of the Cuban red bat, 165; On the oc currence of a bat of the genus Mormoop* in the United States, 166; A correction relative to the Tarsier, 166; An older name for the Aard Vark, 166; An older name for the Ogotona, 166; The proper name of the Yiscacha, 166; An older name for the Norway rat, 167; On the recent occur rence of the black rat in Boston, Massachusetts, 167; Note on Dipodomys montanus Baird, 167; Remarks on an unusual ly large lobster caught off Newport, Rhode Island, 168; A new southern violet, 169; The correct name for the eastern form of the fox squirrel, 169. Some Plants of West Virginia, by E. L. Morris 171-182 General Notes .' 183-184 New name for a North American squirrel, 183; The proper name of the Viscacha, 183; A new Helianthus from Florida, 184. A New Mouse Deer from Lower Siam, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 185-186 Mammals Collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott on Pulo Lankawi and the Butang Islands, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr 187-193 Ribes mescalerium, an Undescribed Currant from New Mexico and Texas, by Frederick V. Coville 195-198 Potypodium hesperium, a New Fern from Western North Amer ica, by William R. Maxon 199-200 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATES. I. Dryopteris goldieana celsa and Dryopteris goldieana goldieana. II. Dogbanes of the District of Columbia. III. Skulls of Rats (Mus) from Siam. IV. Skulls of Rats (Mus] from Siam. V. Skulls of Rats (Mus} from Siam. TEXT FIGURES. Page Figure 1 . Heads of Tatoua hispida and Tatoua centralis from side. 4 2. Heads of Tatoua hispida and Tatoua centralis from above 5 3. Skulls of Synaptomys sphagnicola and Synaptomys in- nuitus 44 4. Diagrammatic section of eye of Byblis serrata 49 5. Section of eye of Byblis serrata . 50 OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY Of WASHINGTON For 1899. (ELECTED DECEMBER 17. 1898) OFFICERS President FREDERICK V. COVILLE Vice-Presidents WM. H. ASHMEAD B. W. EVERMANN C. W. STILES F. A. LUCAS Recording Secretary H. J. WEBBER Corresponding Secretary O. F. COOK Treasurer F. H. KNOWLTON COUNCIL WILLIAM H. DALL* CHARLES L. POLLARD THEODORE GILL* GEORGE M. STERNBERG* L. O. HOWARD* FREDERICK W. TRUE C. L. MARLATT M. B. WAITE C. HART MERRIAM* LESTER F. WARD* T. S. PALMER CHARLES A. WHITE* STANDING COMMITTEES-I899. Committee on Communications F. A. LUCAS, Chairman A. F. WOODS L. H. DEWEY E. A. DE SCHWEINITZ W. H. ASHMEAD Committee on Publications T. S. PALMEK, Chairman F. H. KNOWLTON O. F. COOK * Ex-Presidents of the Society. (v) OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY Of WASHINGTON For 1900 (ELECTED DECEMBER 30, 1899) OFFICERS President FREDERICK V. COVILLE Vice- Presidents WM. H. ASHMEAD C. H. STILES B. W. EVERMANN F. A. LUCAS Recording Secretary H. J. WEBBER Corresponding Secretary T. W. STANTON Treasurer F. H. KNOWLTON COUNCIL WILLIAM H. DALL* THEODORE GILL* L. O. HOWARD* C. L. MARLATT C. HART MERRIAM* T. S. PALMER CHARLES L. POLLARD GEORGE M. STERNBERG* M. B. WAITE LESTER F. WARD* CHARLES A. WHITE* A. F. WOODS B. W. EVERMANN V. K. CHESNUT T. S. PALMER STANDING COMMITTEES 1900 Committee on Communications F. A. LUCAS, Chairman A. F. WOODS W. H. OSGOOD Committee on Publications F. H. KNOWLTON, Chairman C. L. POLLARD *Ex-Presidents of the Society. VOL. XIII, PP. ix-xx MARCH 9, 1901 PROCEEDINGS OP THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON PROCEEDINGS. The Society meets in the Assembly Hall of the Cosmos Club on alternate Saturdays at 8 p. m. Brief notices of the meetings, with abstracts of the papers, are published in Science. January 14, 1899 sooth Meeting. The President in the chair and 32 persons present. W. H. Ashmead exhibited specimens of Chirodamus, a rare South American wasp, three specimens of which had been found in a collection presented to the National Museum by the U. S. Fish Commission. Vernon Bailey described an interesting case of protective coloration in Ochotona. C. L. Pollard exhibited photographs of the laboratory build. ings of the New York Botanical Garden in course of erection. V. K. Chesnut exhibited photographs and fruits of the Cali fornia laurel (Umbellularia calif arnica), a plant belonging to the olive family, the leaves of which contain a volatile oil which is distilled and used for medicinal purposes. The fruits are greatly valued by the Indians as an article of food. The following communications were presented: C. L. Marlatt: A New Nomenclature of the Broods of the Periodical Cicada.* *Bull. No. 18, New Series, Division of Entomology, U. S. Dept. of Agr., Nov., 1898, pp. 52-58. The Biological Society of Washington. E. A. De Schweinitz: The Practical Working of the Serum Treatment for Swine.* Erwin F. Smith: The Effect of Acid Media on the Growth of Certain Plant Parasites, f January 28, 1899 joist Meeting. The President in the chair and 57 persons present. The evening was devoted to a symposium upon the topic 'The Great Dismal Swamp', with the following speakers: David White: Geology and Physiography of the Dismal Swamp. F. G. Gardner: Soils of the Dismal Swamp.]; Thomas H. Kearney: The Flora of the Dismal Swamp. William Palmer: The Fauna of the Dismal Swamp. February n, 1899 3O2d Meeting. The President in the chair and 13 persons present. A severe blizzard was in progress and the society adjourned immediately after the reading of the minutes of the preceding meeting. February 25, 1899 303*1 Meeting. The President in the chair and 33 persons present. H. J. Webber discussed the recent researches of Lawson on Cobaea scandens in which a new method of spindle formation is described. Gen. Sternberg called attention to the falling of leaves of Magnolia grandiflora in Washington caused by the recent severe cold. The evening was devoted to the further discussion of the Dismal Swamp. The following speakers participated: W. H. Seaman, F. D. Gardner, F. V. Coville, William Palmer, Ver- non Bailey, A. K. Fisher, M. B. Waite, and Lester F. Ward. *The Serum Treatment of Swine Plague and Hog Cholera. Bull. 23 Bureau Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agr., 1899, pp. 1-18. f-To be published as a Bulletin of the Division of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology, U. S. Dept. of Agr. JTo be published in Contributions U. S. Nat. Herb. To be published in Contributions U. S. Nat. Herb. Proceedings. xi March n, 1899 304 th Meeting. The President in the chair and 93 persons present. The evening was devoted to a lecture by Mr. Robert T. Hill on 'The Natural Aspects of Porto Rico' (illustrated by numer ous lantern slides). March 25, 1899 305 th Meeting. The President in the chair and 39 persons present. The following communications were presented: T. S. Palmer: The Danger of Introducing Noxious Animals and Birds.* M. B. Waite: The Effects of the Recent Severe Cold on Vegetation. F. A. Lucas: The Mental Traits of the Fur-Seal, f April 8, 1899 3o6th Meeting. The President in the chair and 39 persons present. The following communications were presented: William Palmer: The Ferns of Hemlock Bluff. J O. F. Cook: Notes on the Habits of African Termites. Erwin F. Smith: Biological Characteristics as a Means of Species Differentiation. April 22, 1899 3<>7th Meeting. The President in the chair and 38 persons present. The following communications were presented: T. D. A. Cockerell: Faunae and Faunulae of New Mexico. Oscar Loew: On the fermentation of Tobacco. Albert F. Woods: Some Microchemical Reactions resembling Fungi. || May 6, 1899 3o8th Meeting. In the place of the 'regular meeting of the Society, a joint meeting with the Chemical Society was held, President Stokes *Yearbook U. S. Dept. of Agr., 1898, pp. 87-110, figs. 1-6. fReport of Fur-Seal Investigation of 1896-7, Vol. Ill, pp. 69-74. {The Plant World 2: 143-149. 1899. ^Report No. 59, U. S. Dept. of Agr. 1 Science n. s. IX, No. 223, pp. 508-510. April 7, 1899. xli The Biological Society of Washington. of the Chemical Society presiding, assisted by the President of the Biological Society. The evening was devoted to a lecture by Dr. Oscar Loew on 'Tho Function of Mineral Substances in Organisms'* which was followed by ten-minute discussions by H. W. Wiley and Frank Cameron, of the Chemical Society, and A. F. Woods and Erwin F. Smith, of the Biological Society. May 20, 1899 aopth Meeting. The President in the chair and 37 persons present. The following communications were presented: C. Hart Merriam: The Fauna and Flora of Mount Shasta Contrasted with those of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Ranges, f Charles L. Pollard: Species Characters among Violets. Sylvester D. Judd: Birds killed by the Monument during the Night of May 12, 1899. William Palmer: The evolution of a Subspecies. J October 21, 1899 3ioth Meeting. The President in the chair and 25 persons present. The following communications were presented: O. P. Hay: A Census of North American Fossil Verte brates. V. K. 'Chesnut: Notes on a Preliminary Catalogue of Plants Poisonous to Stock. | Herbert J. Webber: Polyembryony in Citrus Hybrids.^ *Bull. No. 18, Division of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology U. S. Dept. of Agr. fThe Boreal Fauna and Flora of Shasta contrasted with Correspond ing Faunas and Floras of the Sierra and the Cascades. N. Am. Fauna No. 16, pp. 69-82, October 28, 1899. {Auk. July, 1900. Under the title 'Ecology of the Maryland Yel- lowthroat and Its Relatives'. gScience n. s. X, pp. 681-684. 1899. 1 15th An. Kept. Bureau of Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agr., pp. 387-420. 1899. TIJour. Royal Hort. Soc. London, Vol. XXIV, under the title "Work of the United States Department of Agriculture on Plant Hybridiza tion". Proceedings. xiii Albert F. Woods: Additional Notes on the Spot Disease of Carnations.* November 9, 1899 suth Meeting. The President in the chair and 26 persons present. The following communications were presented: L. O. Howard: Preliminary Notice of an Investigation of the Insect Fauna of Human Excrement, f W. H. Dall: Notes on Honolulu and the Hawaiian Islands.^ G. K. Gilbert: The Submerged Forests of the Columbia River. November 18, 1899 3i2th Meeting. The President in the chair and 39 persons present. H. J. Webber called attention to the morphologically com pound nature of the leaves of Ampelopsis tricuspidata and ex hibited specimens collected by Doctor Evans. The following communications were presented: F. A. Lucas: Letter from H. H. Field concerning the Con cilium Bibliographicum and the proposed Catalogue of the Royal Society. F. V. Coville: The Botanical Explorations of Thomas Nut- tall in Calif ornia. Barton W. Evermann: A Physical and Biological Survey of Lake Maxinkuckee. December 2, 1899313111 Meeting. The President in the chair and 31 persons present. W. H. Dall exhibited specimens of JSarringtonia speciosa and called attention to the practice of stupifying the fish by this so called fish poison by throwing the bruised kernels into small ponds, etc. || Walter Evans stated that trifoliate and tripartite grape leaves *Bull. No. 19, Division of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology U. S. Dept. of Agr. 1900. fProc. Wash. Acad. Sci. II, pp. 541-603. 2 pi. and 22 figs. {Nation LXIX, No. 1792, pp. 331-333, Nov. 2, 1899. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. XIII, pp. 109-121, Dec. 30, 1899. | Nation LXIX, p. 331. xiv The Biological Society of Washington. are occasionally found similar to the specimens of Ampelopsis trirttujiitftfft/ exhibited at the preceding meeting. F. V. Coville exhibited an entire and bisected cone of Pinu* attenuata both covered with lichens. These cones it was stated remain on the trees from twenty to fifty years and seem to open and release the seeds only when exposed to great heat, so that no seedlings of this pine were to be seen except where the ground had been swept over by fire. The following communications were presented: L. H. Dewey: Frost Flowers. H. J. Webber: The Effect of Hybridization in the Origina tion of Cultivated Plants.* O. P. Hay: The Chronological Distribution of Elasmo- branchs. f December 16, 1899-314111 Meeting. The President in the chair and 24 persons present. H. J. Webber spoke of the necessity for a new horticultural term like race to refer to varieties of cultivated plants propa gated by vegetative parts. G. K. Gilbert called attention to the necessity for a broad term to apply to the sum of plants and animals occurring in a region. Attention was called to the word life. The following communications were presented: Lester F. Ward: The fossil Forests of Arizona. J F. A. Lucas: Blue Fox Trapping in the Pribilofs.^ M. B. Waite: Soil Inoculation Experiments with Soy Beans. December 30, 1899315111 Meeting. TWENTIETH ANNUAL MEETING. The President in the chair and 1 1 persons present. The annual reports of the Recording Secretary and Treasurer *YearbookU. S. Dept. of Agr. 1899, pp. 465-490, incorporated in an article entitled "Progress of Plant-breeding in the United States." fWill appear in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. ^Published as "Report on the Petrified Forests of Arizona". Dept. of the Interior, 1900. ^Science, Jan. 26, 1900, pp. 125-128. Proceedings. xv were read, and officers for the ensuing year elected as follows: President: F. V. Coville. Vice-presidents: Wm. H. Ashmead, C. W. Stiles, B. W. Evermann, F. A. Lucas. Recording Secretary: H. J. Webber. Corresponding Secretary: T. W. Stanton. Treasurer: F. H. Knowlton. Members of the Council: T. S. Palmer, C. L. Marlatt, A. F. Woods, C. L. Pollard, M. B. Waite. The following standing committees were appointed by the President: On Communications: F. A. Lucas, B. W. Evermann, A. F. Woods, V. K. Chesnut, and W. H. Osgood. On Publications : F. H. Knowlton, T. S. Palmer, and C. L. Pollard. January 13, 1900 3i6th Meeting. Vice-president Lucas in the chair and 56 persons present. W. R. Maxon called attention to an interesting bifurcation in a flight feather of the peacock. William Palmer exhibited specimens of various fern fronds showing abnormal bifurcations. W. H. Seaman mentioned a case of the bifurcation of the fourth rib in man. F. A. Lucas spoke of the common occurrence of such bifur cations in animals. H. J. Webber called attention to the similar bifurcations in the trunk of Sabal palmetto, three cases having been ob served in Florida. One specimen of the same palm had been observed with three and one with four branches in the trunk; but such branching, is very rare. The following communications were presented: Vernon Bailey: Where the Grebe Skins come from.* J. W. Daniel, Jr. : Zoological Collecting in Cuba. William Palmer: The ferns of the Lower Shenandoah Valley. E. L. Morris: A Revision of the Species of Plantago com monly referred to P. patagonica. \ *Bird Lore II, p. 34. February, 1900. fBull. Torr. Bot. Club. 27: 105-109, 1900. xvi Th? Tti<>lriH. Not until 1S91 was the fact recognized that the name Xenurus is unten able fora mammal. Then Ameghino pointed out the long-standing error, but overlooking Gray's Tatoua, proposed as a substitute for Xenurus the new name Lysinrn.n. In this course Ameghino has recently been followed by Trouessart, who refers the naked-tailed armadillos as a whole to Lysiurus, and places under it as a subgenus Gray's Zi/>ltll, notwithstanding that the latter was named eighteen years earlier. The little known Zl pi ilia layubris has been a source of continual uncer tainty, though since Gray, most writers, Trouessart excepted, have agreed in regarding it as very doubtfully distinct from 'Xenurus' hispidus, an animal much better represented in collections. It is, however, in 110 way closely related to Tatoua hispida, but a distinct species, the representative of a well-marked subgenus, for which, of course, the name Ziphila is available. 2. THE GENUS TATOUA AND ITS SUBGENERA. Genus TATOUA Gray. 1830. Xenurus Wagler, Natiirl. Syst. der Amphibien, mit vorang. Classif. der Saugeth. und Vogel, p. 36. Type Dasypus gymnunis Wied D. unicinctus Linnaeus. (Not Xenurus Boie, 1826.) 1865. Xenurus Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 377. 1865. Tatoua Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 378. 1869. Xenurus Gray, Catal. Carnivorous, Pachydermatous and Edentate Mammalia in the British Museum, p. 383. 1869. Tatoua Gray, Catal. Carnivorous, Pachydermatous and Edentate Mammalia in the British Museum, p. 384. Type Dasypus unicinc tus Linnaeus. 1873. Xenurus Gray, Hand-List of the Edentate, Thick-Skhme'd and Bu- minant Mammals in the British Museum, p. 21. 1891. Lysiurus Ameghino, Revista Argentina de Hist. Natural, I, p. 254. Type Dasypus unicinctus Linnaeus. 1898. Lysiurus Trouessart, Catal. Mamm. tarn vivent. quam foss., p. 1146. Type species. Tatoua unicincta (Linnaeus). g g g g Characters. Teeth gHg = 32 to g^ = 36, subcylindrical in form, the last about opposite middle of zygomatic arch and some distance in ad vance of posterior border of palate ; tail long, covered with minute, thin widely spaced plates ; claws on front feet very greatly developed. Notes on the Naked-tailed Armadillos. 3 Submenus TATOUA Gray. 1865. Talmiu Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 378. 18(59. Tdlonu, Gray, Catal. Carnivorous, Pachydermatous and Edentate Mammalia in the British Museum, p. 384. 1873. Xenurus Gray, Hand-List of the Edentate, Thick-Skinned and Ru minant Mammals in the British Museum, p. 21. 1898. Lysiurus Trouessart, Catal. Mamm. tarn vivent. quam foss., p 1146. Type species. Taioua unicincta (Linnaeus). Subgeneric characters. Grown armor consisting of 50 to 60 small, roundish, irregularly arranged plates; ears rounded, funnel-formed, densely coated with minute scales on outer side ; cheeks covered with thin plates arranged in distinct rows. Subgenus ZIPHILA Gray. 1873. Ziphila Gray, Hand-List of the Edentate, Thick-Skinned and Rumi nant Mammals in the British Museum, p. 22. Type Z. lugubris Gray. 1898. Ziphila Trouessart, Catal. Mamm. tarn vivent. quam foss., p. 1148. Type species. Tatoua lugubris (Gray). Subgeneric characters. Crown armor consisting of 30 to 40 symmetrically arranged, mostly pentagonal or hexagonal plates ; ears pointed, not funnel - formed, the outer side bare except along margin ; cheeks w r ith a few widely spaced, irregularly scattered scales. 3. THE NAKED-TAILED ARMADILLO OF CENTRAL AMERICA. Dr. A. von Frantzius published the first record of the occurrence of a naked-tailed armadillo in Central America in 1869. He was uncertain as to the identification of the animal the ' armadillo de zopilote ' of the Costa Ricans, so called on account of the disagreeable buzzard-like odor of its flesh as he saw only a living individual and a skull. Both, however, indicated an animal smaller than the I)asypus gymuurus of Illiger (= D. unicinctus Linnaeus), to which he with hesitation referred the species. Doubt was cast on this record by Alston in 1880, who found no naked- tailed armadillos among the collections that served for the elaboration of the mammals of the Biologia Centrali-Americana. In 1895 Mr. Frederick "W. True recorded a small Tatoua from Chameli- con, Honduras, the first positively known to have been taken in Central America. In the absence of material for comparison, he regarded the animal as " presumably the X[enurus] hispidus of Burmeister." Two years later Mr. A. Alfaro and Dr. J. A. Allen confirmed Dr. von Frantzius' Costa Rican observations by recording the capture of a speci men at Suerre, Costa Rica. This animal is referred to ' Xennrus gym- nurns' ( Tatoua unicincta} without comments on the doubts expressed by Dr. von Frantzius, or on Mr. True's identification of the Honduras specimen. Miller Notes on the Naked-tailed Armadillos. So far as I know, this completes the published history of the naked- tailed armadillo in Central America. I may add, however, that Mr. Jose" C. Zeledon has recently informed me that the armadillo de zopilote is well known in Costa Rica, where the worthlessness of its flesh for food is every, where recognized. I have recently compared the two Central American specimens with one from Santa Marta, Colombia, and two from Matto Grosso, Brazil. The latter prove to be representatives of the submenus Tatoua, while all of the others are referable to Ziphila. The Costa Rican and Honduras specimens are precisely alike in all important characters, but they differ in many details from the Colombian animal, which in all probability is the same as Gray's Zipldla lagubris. While the fact that Gray's type came from Brazil throws some doubt on this determination of the specimen from Colombia, it does not lessen the probability that the Central Ameri can Ziphila is distinct from the one hitherto described. The Central American animal may stand as: Tatoua (Ziphila) centralis sp. nov. 1869. Dasypus gymnurus Frantzius, Wiegmann's Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, XXXV, Bd. I, p. 309 (not Dasypus gymnurus Illiger, 1815). 1 895. Xenurus hispidus True, Proc. U. S. National Museum, XVIII, p. 435 (not Dasy pus hispidus Burmeister, 1854). 1897. Xenurus gymnurus Alfaro, Mammiferos de Costa Rica, p. 46. 1897. Xenurus gymnurus Allen, Bull. Am. Mus.Nat. Hist., IX, p. 43. Type, adult 9 (skin and skull), N - Mill :, United States National Museum, collected at Chamelicon, Honduras, January 8, 1891, by Erich Wittkiigel. General characters. Smaller than Tatoua (ZiphUa) lugubris (Gray) ; cheeks with fewer scales ; plates in central rings of carapace more numerous (29-31, instead of 27) ; occipital region of skull much less elevated ; zygomata when viewed from above nearly parallel with each other and with main axis of skull; hamular processes of ptrygoids neither thickened nor bent inward at tips. FIG. 1. Head from side : upper figure, Tatoua (Tatoua) hispida ; lower figure, T. (Ziphila) centralis (type). % nat. size. Notes on the Naked-tailed Armadillos. 4. COMPARISON OF TIIRP:E SMALL SPECIES OF TATOUA. Tatoua (Tatoua) hispida (Burmeister). 1854. Dasypus hispidus Burmeister, Syst. Uebers. der Thiere Brasiliens, 1st Theil (Mammalia), p. 287 (Lagoa Santa, Brazil). 1873. Xenurus latirostris Gray, Hand-List of the Edentate, Thick-Skinned, and Ruminant Animals in the British Museum, p. 22 (St. Cath erines, Brazil). Crown shields about 55 (50-60), very irregular both in form and arrange ment, their 'sides and angles rounded,' none regularly pentagonal or hexagonal, those at front of shield gradually di minishing in size and distinctness. Cheeks covered with thin scales, closely set in distinct rows. Ears rounded above, the lower lobe greatly developed, the resulting form of the conch roughly funnel- shaped, with a 'distinct notch in the periphery in front below, and an other behind above. A long, low ridge on inner side of conch above and in front of meatus. In ternal surface of ear naked. 'External surface densely coated with roundish scales^about 1 mm. in diameter. Rough periphery of plates of body armature very conspicuous, the smoother central por tion generally irregular and much pitted. Scapular shield consisting of seven or eight rows, the longest of which contains about 28 plates. On neck in front of scapular shield are three rows (the longest containing about 8 plates) of rectan gular, closely appressed plates, the anterior rows regularly imbricating over the posterior. Dorsal rings 9, the longest containing 25 plates. Pelvic shield containing 9 rows, the longest with about 25 plates; the FIG. 2. -Head from above: upper figure, Tatoua (Tatoua) hispida; lower figure, T. (Ziphila) centralis (type). % nat. size. 6 Miller Notes on the Naked-tailed Armadillos. furrows hot ween the plates wide and irregular. The majority of the plates of the dorsal armature are provided with from one to four conspicuous, grayish, bristle-like hairs, which spring from the posterior borders and mostly from the corners of the plates; when from the posterior edge, away from the corners, each hair stands in a distinct excavation or scallop. These bristles are most conspicuous on the sides of the body, where they are often 15 mm. in length. Tail about one-half as long as body armature, the scales arranged in about 10 rows ; longest scales (near base of tail) oval, about 4 mm. long and half as broad ; most of the scales on dorsal surface of tail with 1-3 short bristles springing from posterior edge. Skin of belly with transverse rows of well-developed scales, the rows about 7 mm. apart ; each scale with a tuft of 4-6 appressed bristles spring ing from its posterior edge, the scales themselves averaging about 2 mm. by 3 mm. in size. Outer side of feet and legs covered with large scales (the largest 7 mm. by 9 mm.), from the posterior edges of which spring conspicuous tufts of bristles. Skull triangular in profile, the facial line little broken by supraorbital swellings or postorbital depression. Zygomata greatly expanded and thickened at middle. Tatoua (Ziphila) lugubris (Gray). 1873. Ziphila lugubris Gray, Hand-List of the Edentate, Thick-Skinned, and Ruminant Mammals in the British Museum, p. 23 (St. Cath erines, 'Brazil). Crown shields about 33 (30-35), regular in form and bilaterally symmet rical in arrangement, their angles distinct and sides (usually 5 or 6) straight, those at front of shield large and equal to the others in definite- ness of form. Each cheek with about 20 small, irregularly scattered scales. Ears pointed above, the lower lobe very slightly developed, the resulting form of conch not at all funnel-shaped. A short high ridge on inner side of conch above and in front of meatus. Internal surface of ear naked. External surface of ear naked except for a row of scales, each about 1 mm. in diameter, along entire external border of conch, and a secondary row 7 mm. in length extending downward from slightly de veloped notch between upper and lower lobes. Rough periphery of plates of body armature inconspicuous, the smooth central portion generally flat and polished. Scapular shield consisting of 7 or 8 rows, the longest of which contains about 28 plates. On neck in front of scapular shield are two or three rows (the longest containing about 8 plates) of irregularly lenticular, widely spaced plates, the rows not imbricating. Dorsal rings 10, the longest consisting of 26-27 plates. Pelvic shield containing 10 rows, the longest with about 25 plates; the furrows between the plates narrow and regular in outline. The majority of the plates of the dorsal armature are provided with one or two small, very inconspicuous bristles growing from the extremities of the posterior Notes on the Naked-tailed Armadillos, 7 borders. These bristles, the longest of which are less than 10 mm. in length, are more readily detected by touch than by sight. Tail considerably more than half as long as body armature, the scales arranged in about 14 rows; longest scales (near base of tail) roundish, about 3 mm. in diameter; most of the scales on dorsal surface, with one (never more) bristle springing from posterior edge. Skin of belly with transverse rows of poorly developed scales, the rows about 7 mm. apart; each scale with a tuft of 3-5 appressed bristles ; the largest of the scales slightly smaller and less definite in form than those of T. hispida; the smaller reduced to mere elevations in the skin, sur mounted by the tuft of bristles. Outer side of feet and legs covered with scales, the largest of which are not more than 5 mm. by 7 mm. in diam eter. Skull triangular in profile, the facial line distinctly broken by the prominent supraorbital swellings. Rostrum noticeably more slender than in T. hispida ; zygomata much more lightly built than in T. hispida, loeut outward so as form almost an angle at middle. Palate behind tooth row narrower than in T. hispida and abruptly raised to a slightly higher plane. Hamulars thickened and strongly bent inward at tips. Tatoua (Ziphila) centralis Miller. 1899. Tatoua (Ziphila) centralis Miller, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XIII, p. 4. Crown shields about 38 (37-39), otherwise as in T. lugubris. Each cheek with less than a dozen small, irregularly scattered scales. Ears as in T. lugubris, except that scales along border of conch are less conspicuous and secondary row on back of ear is lacking. General character of plates of body armature as in Z. lugubris. Scapular shield consisting of seven or eight rows, the longest of which contains about 28 plates. Neck shields as in T. lugubris. Dorsal rings 10, the longest containing 29-31 plates. Pelvic shield as in T. lugubris. Bristles, tail, and scales on belly and legs as in T. lugubris. Skull slightly larger than in T. lugubris; rostrum distinctly longer. Hamulars neither thickened nor bent inward at tip. Zygomata much less strongly bent outward than in T. lugubris, so that, when viewed from above, they are nearly parallel. MiUcr Notes on the Naked-tailed Armadillos. Cranial Measurements of Three Species of Tatoua. * Id * ^ ii ^w 6^ T. lugubrisrf Colombia. T. centraUs^ J Honduras. TC>S .$. is s Gr6at6st length 83 75 73 80 78 1 >asal length 75 69 67 73 72 Ba^ilar length 68 62 61 65 64 Occipital depth 29 26 27 29 28 Depth of rostrum at tip of premaxil- laries 11.6 11 9 9.4 9.4 Mastoid breadth 36 36 35 38 37 Zvgomatic breadth 46 42 38 6 41 39 Interorbital constriction 27 25 24 .4 24 26 Rostral constriction . . .... 19 17 16 4 17 18 Length of nasals . 29 23 27 28 Palatal length 47 44 44 47 47 Mandible 30 26 28 28.4 29 Upper tooth row 63 58 58 62 60 Lower tooth row 27.4 24 24 25 26.4 * Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. t Bangs collection. JType, U. S. National Museum. $ American Museum of Natural History. VOL. XIII, PP. 9-10 JANUARY 31, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW PIGMY ORYZOMYS FROM THE SANTA MARTA REGION OF COLOMBIA. BY OUTRAM BANGS. Mr. W. W. Brown Jr.'s collection from Santa Marta, Colombia, contains series of two species of pigmy Oryzomys. I have sent specimens of both species to Mr. Oldfield Thomas, who has, with great kindness, compared them with the material in the British Museum. One species is 0. dry as humilior Thomas, originally described from Bogota. The other, although near 0. fidvescens Allen and Chapman, from Jalapa, Mexico, proves to be new. Of 0. dryas humilior Mr Brown took twelve specimens, all at Macotama (alt., 8000 ft.). Of the new form he took ten specimens at Palomina (5000 ft.), Pueblo Viejo (8000 ft.), and San Miguel (7500 ft.). The two forms are very different ; 0. dryas humilior, the larger, ma\r always be known by its darker colors and rich fulvous under parts. The new form may be known from the following description : Oryzomys navus* sp. nov. Type from Pueblo Viejo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. No. 8107, c? adult, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected March 26, 1898, by W, W. Brown, Jr. Altitude, 8000 feet. General characters. Apparently nearest 0. fulvescens Allen and Chap man from Jalapa, Mexico, differing in longer tail, smaller ears, paler, more yellowish coloration and purer white under parts. Skull not show ing any marked differences from skulls of other members of this group, * Navus, diligent, active. 2 BIOI-. Soc. WASH., VOT.. XIII, 1899 (9) 10 Bangs ^l New Pigmy Oryzomysfrom Colombia. although slightly different from that of the 0. dryas group (see Thomas, Ann. and Ma-. Nat. Hist., 7th ser., II, 1898, p. 267). Colo,-. Upper parts tawny ochraeeous, lined with brownish black- tipped hairs, which are most numerous on top of head and on middle of back, but more scattering on rump ; lower sides and upper surface of arms and legs paler and more mixed with bully ; under parts white, the hairs pale gray at base on center of belly only, while on throat, neck, and under surface of legs they are white to the base ; ears dark brown ; feet and hands whitish; tail very long, nearly naked, dusky above, dull grayish white below. Measurements. The type, $ adult, total length, 193; tail vertebrae, 1 15 ; hind foot (with claw), 20; ear from notch, 14. The two largest indi viduals from San Miguel measure No. 8223, $ adult, total length, 200; tail vertebrae, 115; hind foot (with claw), 22; ear from notch, 13; and No. 8225, ? adult, total length, 200; tail vertebrae, 115; hind foot (with claw), 22; ear from notch, 13. Skull, the type, $ adult, basal length, 17.6; zygomatic width, 11.6; mastoid w T idth, 9.2; interorbital width, 3.8; length of nasals, 7; length of upper molar series, 3.2; length of mandible, 11.2. Remarks. There is a slight individual variation in color among the ten specimens of 0. navus, due principally to the greater or less number of black-tipped hairs scattered along the back and head some specimens being more nearly clear tawny ochraceous than the type. The species of pigmy Onjzomys form a compact group of closely related forms, many of which may prove only subspecifically distinct from one another, but until their relationships are better understood it seems w r ell to give the new form full specific rank. VOL. XIII, PP. 1 1-12 JANUARY 31, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTION OF A NEW VOLE FROM EASTERN SIBERIA* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. A small Microtm taken at Plover Bay, East Siberia, has re mained unidentified in the United States National Museum for more than thirty years. It differs from any of the Asiatic species of which I can find descriptions, and may be known as : Microtus tshuktshorum sp. nov. Type, 9 adult (in alcohol), No. arViV United States National Museum, collected at Plover Bay, East Siberia, by Lt. Dawson (received in 1866). General diameters. Most like Microtus kamtschaticus (Polyakoff), from Petropaulski, Kamchatka, but smaller; skull with shorter nasals, less perforated palate, and much smaller angular process of the mandible (in this character resembling M. kadiacensis). Ears. Except for their very small size they are much overtopped by the surrounding fur the ears show no characters of importance. Feet. The feet are similar to those of M. arvalis. Palms with five tu bercles, all well developed. Soles with five large tubercles and a rudi mentary sixth. Far and color. The fur is remarkably soft and long, some of the hairs on the back reaching a length of nearly 20 mm. After its long immer sion in alcohol the fur has probably lost all trace of its original color. It is now dull chestnut on the back, soiled yellowish white on the belly. Skull. The skull of Microtus tsuktshorum is small and rounded, little ridged for muscular attachment. In general form it agrees closely with that of M. kamtschaticus, but the nasal bones are very noticeably shorter (5.8 mm. in M. tshuktshorum, as opposed to a range of from 6.8 to 7.8 in * Published by permission of Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, t Tshuktskorum, Tschuktski, a tribe of natives in eastern Siberia. 3 BIOL. Soc. WASH., Vol. XIII, 1899 (11) 12 Miller A New Vole from Eastern Siberia. seven skulls of M. kamtochaticus), and the palate differs notably from that of any of the specimens of Af. kamtochaticus La the small size and insignifi cant number of foramina immediately in front of the lateral bridges. As a result the bridges are not distinguishable. The mandible is conspicu ously more slender than that of M. kamtscliaticus, and the articular and angular processes are very noticeably weaker. In this respect Af. tshuk- Ishorum shows an approach to M. arvalijt of Europe, and an even closer resemblance to M. kadiacensis. Teeth as in AL kamtschatlcus. Measurements. Total length, 113; tail vertebrae; 29; pencil, 8 ; hind foot (with claws), 19; ear from meatus, 10; ear from crown, 8. Skull : greatest length, 23.8; basal length, 23; basilar length, 21.6; zygomatic breadth, 13; interorbital constriction, 4 ; mastoid breadth, 12; palatal length, 12.4 ; diastema, 7.8 ; nasals, 5.8 ; incisive foramen, 4 ; mandible, 14.8; maxillary tooth row (alveoli), 0.4 ; mandibular tooth row, 6. VOL. Xlli, PP. 13-14 JANUARY 31, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW VOLE FROM HALL ISLAND, BERING SEA.* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. A specimen of Microtus collected by Mr. C. H. Townsend on Hall Island, Bering Sea, represents a species distinct from any hitherto described. It is a rather large member of the typical group of the subgenus Microtus, and is more nearly related to a Siberian species which I suppose to be M. kamtxchaticus (Polyakoff) than to any of the known Alaskan members of the genus except M. kadiacensis. On account of its remarkably short tail it may be called : Microtus abbreviatus sp. nov. Type, ? young adult (skin and skull), No. ifftf, United States National Museum, collected on Hall Island, Bering Sea, September 8, 1885, by C. H. Townsend. General characters. Size rather large (hind foot, 23 mm.) ; tail shorter than hind foot ; plantar tubercles, 6 ; ears concealed in the fur ; enamel pattern essentially as in Microtus arvalis of Europe. Fur and color. The fur is dense and only moderately long about 12 mm. in length at middle of back but the specimen was taken when in the midst of the autumnal molt, with the short new hairs of the winter coat appearing as a dense mat among the roots of the longer fur. As the skin has been preserved in alcohol for an unknown period, f the original color of the animal cannot be determined with certainty. In its present condition the dorsal surface is light yellowish brown, duller on head, * Published by permission of Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. f Mr. Townsend tells me that the specimen was preserved dry. It was received at the National Museum in September, 1886, and its subsequent history is not known. It was found in a bottle of alcohol in October, 1898. 4 Bior,. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (13) 14 Miller A New Vole from Bering Sea. clearer on rump, paling on the sides to the soiled buff of the under parts, which are slightly darker on chest. Tail bicolor, brownish above, yel lowish white beneath. Feet dirty whitish. Skull and teeth. The skull is imperfect, lacking the occipitals and one of the audital bullre. It resembles that of M. kamtschaticus very closely, but the rostrum is slightly narrower anteriorly, the mandible is less heavily built, and the bony palate is noticeably different in form. In the palate of M. kamtschaticus the lateral bridges are broad and well developed and the lateral pits are deep and very noticeable. In M. abbreviatus the bridges are small and barely complete, while the pits behind them are shallow and inconspicuous. In no one of the seven specimens of M. kamtschaticus with which I have compared it is the peculiar palate of M. abbreviatus closely approached. Teeth slightly smaller than in M. kamtschaticus, but enamel pattern essentially the same in the two species. M. abbreviatus, however, has the anterior loop of the front lower molar distinctly longer than in M. kamt schaticus. In M. kamtschaticus there is usually a well developed fourth outer salient angle on the posterior upper molar. This is quite absent in M. abbreviatus, but the character is not likely to prove constant. Measurements.*' Total length, 120; tail vertebrae, 19 (pencil, 9); hind foot, 22.5; ear from meatus, 9.5; ear from crown, 6. Skull: greatest length, 27; zygomatic breadth, 15; interorbital constriction, 4; nasals, 7.8; mandible, 17.4; maxillary tooth row (alveoli), 6.4 ; mandibular tooth row (alveoli), G.(>. General remarks. Microtus abbreviatus is closely related to both M. kamtschaticus and M. kadiacensis, though in external appearance its short, densely haired tail gives it a much closer resemblance to the members of the subgenus Phaiomys. In cranial and dental characters it differs from M. kadiacensis much as it does from M. kamtschaticus, since these two species agree closely in palate structure and in the form of the front lower molar. *A11 from skin in alcohol. VOL. XIII, PP. 15-17 JANUARY 31, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE FLORIDA PUMA. BY OUTRAM BANGS. In his book entitled ' Hunting and Fishing in Florida,' pub lished in 1896, Mr. Charles B. Cory gave a brief description of the Florida Puma, and named it Felis concolor fioridana (pp. 109- 110). This name is untenable, both Desmarest* and Fischer f having used Felis floridana I for the Florida Lynx. I therefore propose for the Florida Puma the name : Felis coryi sp. nov. Type from the wilderness back of Sebastian, Florida. No. 7742, J 1 old adult, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected Jan. 1, 1898, by F. R. Hunter. General characters. Size very large ; feet very small ; apparently no seasonal change in color ; back ferruginous, finely lined with blackish ; sides paler and more fawn color ; skull like that of the North American pumas, and not at all like the skulls of Central and South American species. *Mammalogie, 1820, p. 225, species No. 350. f Synopsis Mamm., 1829, p. 213. J Lynx floridanus Raf., Am. Monthly Mag., 1817, p. 46. Based on the Lynx or Wildcat of Bartram. \ See description of Felis hippolestes Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc., Wash., vol. XI, July 15, 1897, p. 219. I have compared skulls of the Florida Puma with that of a fine adult $ taken at Santa Marta, Colombia, Feb. 15, 1898, by W. W. Brown, Jr., which I take to be true Felis concolor Linn. That of F. concolor is very small, with low, flat unswollen f rentals ; long, slender and only slightly decurved postorbital processes ; differ ently shaped nasals ; much less well developed sagittal crest, falling much farther back ; small teeth ; and inner cusp of carnassial not well devel oped. Roughly speaking, this skull resembles that of a large ocelot more than it does the skulls of North American pumas. 5 BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (15) IG Bangs The Florida Puma. Color. Type, $ old adult. Pelage very short and rather harsh. Top of head, upper surface of neck and back, and upper half of tail ferrugi nous, finely lined with blackish tipped hairs, with little bunches of white hairs scattered here and there; sides of neck and body, an ill-defined patch above and behind each shoulder, a band across under side of neck, and upper surfaces of limbs, paler and more inclined toward fawn color, many of the hairs with darker tips; under parts, including under sur faces of limbs and under side of tail, soiled whitish, except on middle of body, where the color is much darker and more hair brown ; tail dusky toward end and nearly black at tips; ears black, grizzled around edges ; hairs between pads of feet black ; face rather dark and grizzled with a light spot above each eye ; patch at base of whiskers black ; whiskers mostly white, but in a few cases black. Other specimens, though killed at different seasons of the year, differ but little from the type. A kitten three-fourths grown is similar, but has the upper surface marked with large, irregular dusky spots. Cranial characters. Skull large, showing all the characters of the North American pumas pointed out by Dr. Merriam. It is apparently narrower than the skull of F. hippolesies Merriam, with less widely spreading zygo mata. I have compared it with a skull of F. oregonemis Raf.,* from the vicinity of Tacoma, Wash., and find it slightly narrower, with less widely spread zygomata ; slightly narrower palatal extension ; palate ending in more of a curve less squarely. These differences are trifling, however, and may not be constant. Measurements. The following measurements of the type and an old 9 No. 7743, killed at the same time and place, were taken by F. R. Hunter from the animals in the flesh. Type, tf old ad. : w r hole length, 6 ft. 9 in.; fore leg, 2 ft. 8 in. ; hind leg, 2 ft, 8 in. ; girth of chest, 2 ft. 7 in. ; of waist, 2 ft. 8 in. ; of neck, 22 in. No. 7743, 9 old ad. : whole length, 6 ft. 3 in. ; fore leg, 2 ft. 5 in. ; hind leg, 2 ft. 6 in. ; girth of chest, 2 ft. 2 in. ; of waist, 2 ft. ; of neck, 21| in. Total length reduced to millimeters and the tails and hind feet meas ured by me from the skins are as follows: Type, total length, 2057.4; tail, without hairs, 760 ; hind foot, 280. No. 7743 : total length, 1917.7 ; tail, without hairs, 670; hind foot, 271. No. 6992, very old male topo- type, unmeasured, is even larger and has a larger skull. Kkull. Type, basal length, 171 ; occipitonasal length, 194; zygoniatic width, 135 ; palatal length (from end of pterygoid process to back of mid dle incisors), 110.4 ; postpalatal length, 91 ; width across postorbital pro cesses, 75. ; interorbital width, 40.8. No. 5489, old adult 9 topotype : basal length, 157.4; occipitonasal length, 175; zygomatic width, 126; palatal length, 102 ; postpalatal length, 84; width across postorbital processes, 76.6; interorbital width, 40. Jif marks. According to all the information I have been able to glean, the Florida Puma is now restricted to peninsular Florida and can no longer * Stone, Science, N. S., Jan. 6, 1899, pp. 34-35. TJie Florida Puma. 17 intergrade with any other form, and it is doubtful if it ever did.* It must, therefore, be given full specific rank. Compared with true F. concolor Linn., F. coryiie a huge Puma, and is indeed but little smaller than the giant of the Rocky Mountains, F. hip- polestes Merriam. Its long limbs, small feet, and rich ferruginous color are the best characters by which to distinguish it from other North Amer ican pumas. It needs no comparison with the small pumas of northern South America or of Central America. The Bangs collection now contains six specimens of F. coryi (skins and skulls complete), all taken by F. R. Hunter in the same general region of Florida, namely, the great wilderness back of Sebastian, in Brevard and Osceola counties. Mr. Hunter writes that three of these pumas, the type an old female and the young female, were all killed together on New Year's day, 1898. *Mr. F. W. True, in his monograph on the Puma, under the head of Virginia, says : " Mr. Hallock makes the very interesting statement that the Puma is found in the Dismal Swamp. I find no other reference to its occurrence in the low coast lands of the South Atlantic States except in Florida" (p. 599). VOL. XIII, PP. 19-21 JANUARY 31, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON DESCRIPTIONS OF SIX NEW RODENTS OF THE GENERA APLODONTIA AND THOMOMYS. BY C. HART MERRIAM. Specimens of Aplodontia from a few miles south of the Cas cades of the Columbia apparently the type locality of A. rufa differ specifically from the small coast animal commonly mis taken for rufa. Comparison of the typical form with specimens from the Olympic Mts., the coast of Oregon, and Point Reyes, California, shows that several very distinct species remain un- described. The northern form of the Sierra-Cascade species also proves to be different from typical A. major. All of these are here described, and with them two new Pocket Gophers from northwestern Washington. Aplodontia pacifica sp nov. Type from Newport, mouth of Yaquina Bay, Oregon. No. 77372 9 ad. U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Coll. Collected March 20, 1896, by B. J. Bretherton. Original No. 2219. Characters. Size small, by far the smallest of the known species; ear longer (higher) than in any of the others; color darker and richer; white spot at base of ear usually distinct. Color. Upper parts in winter pelage fulvous brown, strongly mixed with black hairs, the fulvous strongest on flanks and sides of neck, least apparent on head and rump, which parts are sepia or bister, becoming dusky on nose; top of head strongly mixed with black hairs; cheeks suffused with fulvous ; under parts plumbeous, strongly washed with ful vous ; legs, feet and tail grizzled grayish-dusky. Cranial characters. Skull small, light, and relatively narrow ; zygomata less spreading than in the other species; rostrum slender; interorbital constriction rather broad; palate narrow. Contrasted with A. rufa the 6 BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (19) 20 Merriam Descriptions of Six New Rodents. skull is decidedly smaller and narrower, the rostrum longer and much more slender ; the zygomata very narrow, not spreading or bowing out ward MS in rtifa ; audital tubes very much more slender and much shorter ; frontal platform between orbits and rostrum (seen from above) very much smaller, narrower, and more rounded laterally less flattened. Denial <-/m/w/sjouyi from which it differs in the paler and more restricted rufous area on crown ; rather paler gray of back ; more fulvous color on crissum combined with shorter wing and longer tail and tarsus. Dimensions of type. \Ving 51 ; tail 60; culmen 10 ; tarsus 23. Type of B. r. jouyi. Wing 52 ; tail 56 ; culmen 9 ; tarsus 20. Thryothoius felix pallidus subsp. nov. Mazatlan Wren. Type No. 164270, $ ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection, from Chacala, Durango, Mexico. Collected February 27, 1899, by E. A. Goldman. Distribution. Arid tropical region of western Mexico, from northern Sinaloa and western Durango to southwestern Puebla and northern Guerrero, Mexico. Subspecific characters. Generally similar to typical T. felix, but slightly smaller, with upper parts less rufous and more olive brown; tail paler brown, with much more distinct black bars ; under parts paler, and under tail coverts barred witli dingy whitish and black instead of rufous brown and black. Dimensions of ti/pe. Wing 56 ; tail 53; culmen 14; tarsus 21. General notes. Tliryothorus felix w,as described from southwestern Oaxaca. We have a winter specimen taken at Ometepec, Guerrero, so near the type locality both in distance and climatic conditions that I am safe in considering it typical, and have used it as such in the foregoing com parison. Numerous specimens from Tepic, Sinaloa, and western Durango agree with the type of Thryothorux f. pallidux. 30 Heleodytes stridulus sp. nov. Brown-backed Wren. Type No. 164261, ? ad., U. S. Nat. Mns., Biological Survey Collection, from Sierra de Choix, northeastern Sinaloa, Mexico. Collected October 16, 1898, by E. A. Goldman. Distribution. Arid mountain slopes of northeastern Sinaloa and adja cent parts of Sonora, Mexico. Description of type. Crown blackish brown, darkest on forehead ; super ciliary stripe from bill to nape white, washed with fulvous brown ; loral and postocular stripe blackish; cheeks from gape dingy whitish ; malar stripe black ; sides of neck dingy whitish, streaked with dull blackish and thinly washed with dull fulvous ; back and scapulars burnt umber brown, marked with irregulau white shaft streaks and obscure blackish spots ; upper tail coverts transversely barred with umber brown, black and whitish ; outside of wings marked with spots of umber brown, black and whitish; middle tail feathers ashy brown, indistinctly and narrowly barred with blackish ; lateral feathers black, with dingy ashy tips and a series of brownish white spots along outer webs; chin, throat, breast, and middle of belly white, faintly washed with brown and spotted on breast and flanks with black ; flanks- posteriorly and entire crissum cin namon brown, brightest on under tail coverts. Measurements of type. Wing 75; tail 76; culmen 19.5; tarsus 24. General notes. This species is nearest H. gularis, from which it is easily distinguished by the blackish brown crown, blackish postocular stripe, and darker brown back. The black spots on breast and flanks are rounded instead of being mainly pointed anteriorly (and thus subtriangular), as in H. gularis. Typical specimens of H. gularis in the Biological Survey Collection from the Sierra Nevada de Colima, southern Jalisco, and from the Sierra Madre of southern Sinaloa and the Nayarit Mountains of Tepic, just west of Bolanos, outline the known range of this species, and the specimens from the mountains of Sonora referred to H. gularis by Salvin and Godman (Ibis, 1889, p. 235) are, no doubt, referable to H. slrididas. Myadestes obscurua cinereus subsp. nov. Sonora Solitaire. Type No. 164262, 9 ad., U. S. Nat. Mus., Biological Survey Collection, from mountains near Alamos, Sonora, Mexico. Collected January 3, 1899, by E. A. Goldman. Distribution. Arid mountains of southern Sonora and adjacent part of Sinaloa, Mexico. tiubspecific characters. Most like M. yadestes o. insularis but with the ashy gray of upper parts even paler than in that form and extending farther down over fore back ; rump and middle tail feathers clearer ashy and interscapular area less suffused with brown. Under parts much as in M. o. occidentals but clearer ashy, with white area on abdomen more re stricted than in insularis. Measurements of type. Wing 104; tail 104; culmen 11.5; tarsus 20. General notes. This form equals Myadestes o. occidenlalis in si/e but is New Birds from, Northwestern Mexico. 31 much paler, and is, in fact, the palest known subspecies of M. obscunts. The present record extends the range of this species far north along the west coast of Mexico. M. townsendi is the resident species in the high pine forests of the Sierra Madre of northwestern Mexico, the present form belonging to the lower, drier ranges between the Sierra Madre and the coast. Catharus olivascens sp. nov. Chihuahua Thrush. Type No. 164263, cT ad., U. S. Nat. Mas., Biological Survey Collection, from the Sierra Madre, Chihuahua (65 miles east of Batopilas), Mexico. Collected September 30, 1898, by E. A. Goldman. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Description of type. Top of head and nape raw umber brown; sides of head and neck hair brown, underlaid with pale.buffy; back, including scapulars and rump, olive brown, contrasting with color of crown and nape ; outside of wings and upper tail coverts similar to, but browner than back ; tail grayish brown washed on exposed parts with tawny olive ; chin, throat and upper part of breast, pale creamy buff, streaked or mottled with hair brown shaded with olive; rest of breast, abdomen, and under tail coverts white ; upper part of flanks pale grayish brown. Measurements of type. Wing 91 ; tail 77 ; culmen 13 ; tarsus 31. General notes.. This species is most closely related to Calharus occiden- inlis fnh-escens Nelson, but the colors of the upper parts are much more olivaceous, the throat and middle of breast deeper bufty with heavier gray markings, and the wash of gray on the sides of the body much more restricted, leaving a larger area of pure white. The bill is longer and slenderer and the tarsus shorter. The presence of a species of CatJiarus in Chihuahua extends the range of the genus far north of any former record, and was unexpected after my unsuccessful efforts, during the summer of 1898, to find the bird in Durango and extreme southern Chihuahua. VOL. XIII, PP. 33-37 MAY 29, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON TWO NEW GLOSSOPHAGINK BATS FROM THE WEST INDIES.* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. Examination of material in the United States National Mu seum proves that there are at least three species of the Glos- sophagine genus Phyllonycteris in addition to the slightly known P. poeyi One of these, P. sezekorni Gundlach,f is confined to Cuba, the second occurs in the Bahamas, and the third is thus far known from Puerto Rico only.J To the kindness of Dr. J. A . Allen I owe the opportunity of examining two skulls of Phyllo- nycteris sezekorni. The three species may be distinguished by the following synopsis : Zygomatic arch incomplete ; braincase high but forming no angle with dorsal outline of rostrum ; rim of anterior nares thick, not flaring ; no distinct lachrymal swellings; depth of mandible about one-sixth length ; crown of first lower molar only slightly longer than that of first p re- molar ; color light yellowish brown P. sezekorni. * Published by permission of Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. fMonatsber. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss., Berlin (1860), p. 818, December, 1860. \ Since this paper has been in press, Mr. D. G. Elliot has sent me for examination the Phyllonycteris from San Cristobal, Santo Domingo, which he recorded in 1896 as P, poeyi (Field Columbian Museum Publication 11, Zoological Series, I, No. 3, p. 82, May, 1896). The tingle skin repre sents a species closely related to P. bombifrons of Puerto Rico, but prob. ably distinct. In the absence of satisfactory material it would be useless to attempt to define the form. 9 BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (:) 34 Miller New Glossophagine Bats front (lie II V*/ 7m//Vx. Zygomatic arch complete ; braincase forming an angle with dorsal outline of rostrum ; rim of anterior nares variable ; lachrymal region distinctly swollen; depth of mandible about one-seventh length ; crown of first lower molar nearly twice as long as that of first premolar ; color vari able. Braincase rising above plane of rostrum at angle of about 12 ; rim of anterior nares thick, not flaring ; teeth large ; anterior border of tragus entire ; back light clay color - . P. planifrons. Braincase rising above plane of rostrum at angle of about 30 ; rim of anterior nares thin, distinctly flaring ; teeth small ; anterior border of tragus with several fleshy projections near tip ; back dark brown P. bomblfrons. Phyllonycteris planifrons sp. nov. Type, adult J 1 (in alcohol), No. 62517, United States National Museum, collected at Nassau, New Providence, Bahamas, March 18, 1886, by James E. Benedict. General characters. See synopsis. Ears. The ears are moderately long ; laid forward they reach about three-fourths of the distance from eye to nostril. Anterior border of conch strongly convex immediately above base, then nearly straight to narrowly rounded off tip. Posterior border faintly concave immediately below tip, convex through lower half. The posterior border terminates abruptly close in front of meatus, and almost directly below anterior base. Six or seven transverse ridges on inner side of conch near poste rior border. A small but conspicuous wart on cheek in front of lower base of ear. Anterior border of tragus much thickened, nearly straight, though slightly convex near middle and slightly concave below tip. Tip pointed. Posterior bordet with four jagged projections, of which the two lower are largest and the two upper occasionally obsolete. Muzzle and chin. Main portion of noseleaf oval, considerably broader than high, ill defined over upper lip, the free edge finely crenulate. At middle of upper part of free edge is a well defined upright projection, the height of which above general outline of oval is about equal to distance between inner borders of nostrils. Nostrils near outer edges of noseleaf, opening upward, forward and slightly outward. Behind the noseleaf and separated from it by a deep groove is an irreg ular but well-developed horseshoe-shaped ridge, the ends of which blend with the glandular upper lip. Chin divided by a deep groove, narrow below, wide above, from the sides of which spring four to six small, fleshy projections. Membranes. The membranes are thick and leathery ; the wings and propatagium broad and ample; the uropatagium greatly reduced (only 10 mm. wide at base). Propatagium extending along forearm to join New Glossophagine Bats from the West Indies. 35 thumb at distal end of metacarpal. The membranes are practically naked throughout, as the fur of the body reaches the wings (both above and below) in a narrow line only. Feet. The foot is long and strong, about two-thirds length of tibia. Toes essentially equal in length, the first and fifth slightly shorter than the others. Claws large and sharp, nearly one-third as long as rest of foot. Calcar distinct but reduced to a mere stub 3 mm. in length. Tail. Tail slightly longer than foot, a little less than half free from membrane. I'\ir and color. The fur is loose in texture, and only moderately long (about 10 mm. at middle of back). It is closely confined to body, scarcely reaching wings. That of head covers external basal fourth of ears. Face densely hairy as far forward as ridge behind noseleaf. Chin and noseleaf naked. Lips and ridge behind noseleaf sprinkled with fine, short hairs. Color of two skins (topotypes) collected June 3, 1884, by C. J. May- nard (Nos. 85 and 86, Miller collection) : fur of back whitish gray through basal half, then light clay color faintly tinged with pinkish buff. The pale bases of the hairs appear irregularly at the surface. Ventral surface pinkish buff, the hairs grayish at base. Ears, membranes, and feet light brown. After thirteen years' immersion in alcohol the color of the type does not differ appreciably from that of these skins. K!;ull. The skull of Phyllonycleris planifrons differs from that of P. xeze- korui most noticeably in the presence of very slender but complete zygo- matic arches. The rostrum is slightly broader and flatter and the brain- case smaller relatively to the size of the skull. The facial profile is straight from external nares to base of proencephalon, where it rises at an angle of about 12. Proencephalon small, indistinctly marked oft* from very large mesencephalon. Metencephalon small and slightly outlined. Lach rymal region abruptly swollen. Antorbital foramen placed obliquely over posterior part of second premolar. Bony palate slightly arched, its gen eral form nearly rectangular, the width between penultimate molars about half length. Vacuities behind incisors smaller than in P. sezekorni, but distinct. Pterygoids long, the distance from hamular to posterior molar slighlly greater than length of tooth row behind canine. The pterygoids are strongly hollowed from within ; and the interpterygoid fossa is partly closed in immediately behind the bony palate by the thin shelf-like edges of the pterygoids. Ventral aspect of roof of posterior nares flat. A slight depression on each side of the faint median ridge on basioccipital between audital bullse. Audital bulke small and round, their greatest diameter about equal to least width of palate between second premolars. Rim of external nares thick, not flaring. Mandible slender, the depth contained about seven times in greatest length. The skull of the type measures: greatest length 25; basal length 22; basilar length 20 ; zygomatic breadth 11 ; interorbital breadth 4.8; lach rymal breadth 6 ; mastoid breadth 11; fronto-palatal depth 3.4 ; depth of braincase from highest point to level of audital bullte 9.6 ; maxillary 3C> Miller New Glossophagine BalxJ'rnm flic lIV.s/ Indie*. tooth row (exclusive of incisors) 8.4; mandible 10.4 ; mandibular tooth row (exclusive of incisors) 9. Teeth. The teeth are slightly larger than in P. sezekortu or P. bombi- fi-ons. Crown of first upper molar nearly equal in length to that of sec ond and third together. First upper premolar minute, usually closely wedged between canine and second premolar. Second premolar larger than second molar. First lower molar nearly double as long as first lowf r premolar ; second premolar slightly larger than first, which is about equal to third molar. Measurements (type specimen). Total length 78 ; tail vertebrae 17; tibia 22; foot 14; forearm 47; thumb 12; second finger 35; third finger 82; fourth finger 62; fifth finger 64 ; ear from meatus 19 ; ear from crown 15 ; width of ear 13.6; tragus 8.2 ; width of tragus at anterior base 2 2 ; height of noseleaf from upper lip 4.6 ; width of noseleaf 5. Specimens examined. One hundred and twenty-four (2 skins), all from the same limestone cave a few miles from the city of Nassau. Phyllonycteris bonabifrons sp. nov. Type, adult tf (in alcohol), No. 86274, United States National Museum, collected in a limestone cave near Bayamon, Province of San Juan, Puerto Rico, January 18, 1899, by Paul Beck with. General characters. See synopsis. Ears. In size and form the ears are as in P. planifrons. Tragus shorter and broader than in P. planifrons, the anterior border strongly convex, and with from one to three pointed outgrowths above middle. Posterior border much more conspicuously denticulate than in P. planifrons. Muzzle and chin. The muzzle and chin are essentially as in the Baha- man species, but the ridge back of the noseleaf is separated from the latter by a much broader groove, and the fleshy outgrowths from the sides of the groove in chin are more conspicuous. Membranes, feel, tail, and fur as in P. planifrons. Color. Both fur and membranes are much darker than in P. planifrons. In a specimen (No. 86270) skinned after only two months' immersion in formalin and alcohol, the fur of the dorsal surface is whitish gray through basal two thirds, then mars brown to tip. Ventral surface pale wood brown. Ears, feet, and membranes dark brown. Skull. The skull of Phyllonycteris bombifrons differs from that of P. plani frons in its shorter, narrower, more rounded rostrum, and larger, much more highly arched braincase. The proencephalon rises above the plain of the rostrum at an angle of about 30. Lachrymal swellings well de veloped. Audital bulhe smaller than in P. planifrons, the greatest diam eter of each considerably less than least width of palate between second premolars. Ptertgoids slightly shorter than in P. planifrons. Rim of ex ternal nares thin and noticeably flaring. Mandible slender. The skull of the type measures : greatest length 24.4 ; basal length 22 ; basilar length 19.8 ; zygomatic breadth 12; interorbital breadth 5; lach rymal breadth 6; mastoid breadth 11.4; fronto-palatal depth 3; depth New Glossophagine Bate from the West Indies. 37 of braincase from highest point to level of audital bailee 10.4; maxillary tooth row (exclusive of incisors) 8; mandible 10; mandibular tooth row (exclusive of incisors) 9. Teeth. Except for their somewhat smaller general size, the teeth of Phyllonycteris bombifrons do not differ appreciably from those of P. plani- frons. Measurements (type). Total length 78 ; tail vertebrae 14 ; tibia 22 ; foot 14; forearm 48.4; thumb 14; second finger 38; third finger 81; fourth finger 65 ; fifth finger 64 ; ear from meatus 18 ; ear from crown 14 ; width of ear 13 ; tragus 7 ; width of tragus at anterior base 2.2 ; height of nose- leaf from upper lip 4.6 ; width of noseleaf 5. Specimens examined. Fourteen, all from the type locality. 73 VOL. XIII, PP. 39-40 MAY 29, 1-899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW POLAR HARE FROM LABRADOR* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. Certain marked discrepancies are apparent in the measure ments of Polar Hares from Labrador and Newfoundland tabu lated under tbe name Lepus arcticus bangsi by Mr. Samuel N. Rhoads in his recent ' Synopsis of the Polar Hares of North America.' f They are, however, passed by without comment. On examining the specimens in the United States National Mu seum, together with a few lent me by Mr. Outram Bangs, I find that these differences are correlated with others, both cranial and external, and that the Labrador Polar Hare is readily sep arable from true Lepus bangsi (Rhoads) of Newfoundland. Its relationship to the Polar Hare of Baffin Land, Lepus arcticus Ross, is, through the loss of Mr. Kumlien's specimens, less easily determinable. Lepus arcticus, however, according to the best tes timony, never assumes a complete dark summer coat ; while the Mingle skull that I have examined differs from that of any of the Labrador specimens. As the Polar Hare of Labrador cannot be identified with either Lepus arcticus or Lepus bangsi it may stand as : Lepus labradorius sp. nov. 1896. Lepus arcticus bangsi Rhoads, American Naturalist, XXX, p. 253. March, 1896 (part). Type locality, Codroy, Newfoundland. 1896. Lepus arcticus bangsi Rhoads, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 365. August 4, 1896 (part). Cotypes: Skin No. 14149, United States National Museum, collected at Fort Chimo, Ungava, Labrador, September 28, 1882, by Lucien M. Turner * Published by permission of Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. tProc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (1896), pp. 351-376. in Hun.. Sue. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (3'J) 40 Milter .1 New .Polar Hare f mm Labrador. (original number 1180) ; skull No. 32132, United States National Museum , same locality and collector, no further data (original number 2326). General characters. Most like Lepus bangsi (Rhoads) from Newfound land, but with shorter hind foot and longer ears. General color of dorsal surface in summer pelage clear hair brown instead of dull broccoli brown as in L. bangsi. Audital bullee more inflated than in L. bangsi. Differs from the Lepus arcticus Ross of Baffin Land in the completely developed dark summer coat, and apparently in cranial characters also. Color. General color of dorsal surface hair brown tinged with bluish gray and frosted with whitish. Head clear, pale, hair brown, lightest on cheeks and darkest on crown and forehead. Ears grizzled black and hair brown anteriorly, whitish posteriorly, black at extreme tip. Sides and rump clear gray (Ridg way, Nomenclature of Colors, PI. II, No. 8). Belly dull white. Hind feet white above, tinged with brown over bases of toes. Front feet white, strongly tinged with brown. Soles of all four feet light umber brown. Tail snowy white. Skull. The skull of Lepus labradorius exactly resembles that of L. bangsi except in the form of the audital bullse. These are so much in flated that they rise (when the skull is held upside down) conspicuously above the surface of the basioccipital, and slightly above the level of the highest point of the occipital condyle. In L. bangsi the bullre rise very slightly above the surface of basioccipital, and generally not to level of condyle. The ventral exposure of the bullse is in Lepus labradorius con siderably longer than broad, while in L. bangsi the length and breadth are nearly eCmal. Measurements. Type: * hind foot 140; ear from crown 100; ear to tip of hairs 108. Another specimen (No. 14793, U. S. National Museum) : hind foot 142 ; ear from crown 105 ; ear to tip of hairs 110. * The type of Lepus bangsi measures : total length 626 ; tail vertebrae 63 ; hind foot 160 ; ear from crown 85. (Rhoads.) VOL. XIII, PP. 41-42 MAY 29, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON CHAMPA FASCIATA AND ITS SUBSPECIES. BY WILFRED H. OSGOOD. Among the Wren-Tits in the collection of the U. S. National Museum* is a single specimen (No. 3339) which formed part of the original Baird collection and which is labeled in Prof. Baird's writing ' Parusfasdatus California, Wm. Gambel.' Tin's is the only known specimen of Champa collected by Gambel, and as such Mr. Ridgway has for some time considered it the type of Chamxa fasdata Gambel. The exact locality from which it came is unknown but its characters show conclusively that it belongs to the pale southern form rather than to the dark north ern one. This being the case, Chamssa f. henshawi becomes a synonym of C. fasdata, and it is necessary to provide a new name for the northern coast form heretofore assumed to be typical fasdata. The status of the two forms may be summa rized as follows : Chameea fasciata Gambel. Pallid Wren-Tit. Pant* fasciatus Gambel, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., p. 265, 1845. Chamsea fasciata Gambel, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., p. 154, 1847. Chamxa fasciata hemhawi Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas., V, 13, June 5, 1882. (Type from Walker Basin, California.) Type from [southern] California, No. 3339 U. S. Nat. Mus. Collected by Wm. Gambel. Distribution. Southern coast and interior of California, including coast valleys and foothills from San Francisco Bay south to northern Lower *The Wren-Tits in the U. S. National Museum collection were kindly placed at my disposal by Mr. Robert Ridgway, Curator of Birds. 11-BiOT.. Soc. WASH., Voi,. XIII, IS'.iu (41) \~2 Osffood ( 1 li ern methods of collecting have brought to light, even in this thickly settled region. The type and only known specimen was taken near the banks of a small stream (called on some maps Dartmouth Brook), which leis urely winds its way through a piece of swampy ground well grown up to alders and other small trees, just before losing itself in the noisy Ammo- noosuc. The carriage road leading from Fabyans to the base of Mt. Washington crosses the brook at this point after covering about a mile of its course. To the left of this road, where my collecting was done, the ground is swampy and quite densely carpeted with moss, through which spring many grasses and swamp-loving plants, overtopping, to a great extent, the logs, stumps, and fallen trees with which the ground is strewn. My traps, set here for three nights, captured numerous specimens of meadow mice (Microtus), woodmice (Peromyscus), short-tailed shrews (Blarina), red-backed mice (Evotomys), two species of jumping mice (Zapus hudsonius and Z. insignis), in addition to the Synaptomys here de scribed. The Synaptomys was taken in a runway in the moss, beneath a small fallen tree. Whether this species is a wanderer from the Hudsonian Zone on the neighboring mountains, guided thence by that ideal highway, a moun tain stream, or whether it is a regular inhabitant of the Canadian Zone throughout this region, is an interesting question, to be solved by future investigations. VOL. XIII, PP. 47-51 MAY 29, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE EYE OF BYBLIS SERRATA. BY SYLVESTER D. JUDD, Pir. D. Byblis serrata is an Amphipod Crustacean, which belongs to the family Gammaridx, l>ut has totally different eyes from Gam- marus. A pair of these eyes projects from either side of the cephalon and any one of them calls to mind the vertebrate eye, because it has a biconvex lens and a fluid-filled space with a retina below. A section through the chief axes of the eye of Byblis would first show a large lens, which has been secreted in concentric shells by a thickened layer of lentigen. Fig. 4, I. continuous on either side with the thinner hypodermis A, which is gorged with scarlet pigment that envelops the eye like a cornu copia, thus shutting out all the rays that might reach the retina without first passing through the lens. Under the lentigen is a humor space, s. Below and proximal to this space is a layer of columnar cells, a, which is continuous on either side with the hypodermis. This layer of cells has secreted a strong cuticula on its outer boundary, which borders on the space, and just prox imal to this layer are the omatidia (which, of course, lack the corneal cuticula). The most distal element of an omatidium is a granular columnar body (cell product), '/. Below and proximal to this body, the remainder of the omatidium with its refractive cone and retinula is practically identical with the omatidium of Gammarus, minus of course, the corneal cuticula, for in the re tinula of both crustaceans there are five retinal cells with pig ment and four rhabdomeres. METHODS. The material employed in studying the eye of Byblis serrata was obtained at Mr. Alexander Agassiz's laboratory, at Newport, 13 BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 189'J (47) 48 JuddTh<' A> nj' /;///>//* x R. I., during the summer of 1893, by skimming the surface of Narragansett Bay with a tow-net at night. Various killing re agents were tried, but the majority of specimens used and those giving the best results were killed in Kleinenberg's picro-sul- phuric acid. Sections were cut on a Minot- Zimmerman micro tome and stained with Kleinenberg's hematoxylin diluted with two parts of 70 per cent alcohol, and then decolorized in acid alcohol for ten minutes. This work was done under the direc tion of Dr. E. L. Mark, of Harvard University. STRUCTURE OF THE EYE. Byblis serrata possesses two pairs of crater-like eyes. One pair is a little anterior to the other, and also somewhat nearer the sagittal plane of the animal. The axis of the anterior pair makes a very acute angle with the chief axis of the body, pointing forward and upward. The ventral pair of eyes points downward and backward. In the living animal both pairs of eyes have a bright red appearance, owing to the presence of a large amount of red pigment surrounding the lens. The component parts of the eye are best seen in sections passing through the chief axis. Beneath the thickened cuticula which constitutes the single lens is the succession of cell layers and cell products, which col lectively form a roughly spherical mass, connected at its deep end by nerve fibers With the optic ganglia. Unlike the eyes of most Crustacea, which are the type known as compound eyes, in which clusters of cells called omatidia, acting independently of one another, are provided each with its own proportion of modified cuticula, the eyes of Byblis, although composed of clusters of cells, in some ways comparable with omatidia, nevertheless have but a single lens, so that they have a superficial resem blance to the eyes of spiders and other arachnids. After I had studied this new and peculiar type of eye in detail, Delia Valle's paper* on the'Gammaridx of the Gulf of Naples' appeared, con taining a figure and description of this same type of eye. The amphipod studied by Delia Valle was Ampelisca, a genus closely allied to Byblis, but the author had not been able to resolve the omatidium into its separate elements. In Ampelisca, as shown by Delia Valle's figure, the rods and cones differ slightly in shape from those of Byblis. Further, there is no pigment in the hypodermis adjoining the lens. In the lentigen of Am pelisca the nuclei are proportionately much larger than in Byblis, and the *A complete bibliography of the literature on the eyes of amphipods will be found at the end of Dr. G. H. Parker's masterly paper entitled 'The Compound Eyes in Crustaceans' (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXT, 1891). The only recent histological paper on the eyes of amphipods of the family Gammaridx is in Antonio Delia Valle's ' Gammariiii del Golfo di Napoli' (Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, XX, pp. 108-112, Tav. 46, Figs. 4-6, 1893). The Eye of Byblis serrata. 40 lens shows no stratification. But the great and important differences are that the eye of Ampelisca has no humor space, lacks the middle layer of the eye of Byblis, while the latter possesses pigment, middle layer, and fluid-filled space. DETAILS OF HISTOLOGICAL ELEMENTS OF THE EYE. Lens. The lens is about the same size in each of the four eyes. Its out line is almost exactly circular in a surface view, and the curvature of the superficial and deep surfaces is nearly the same, Fig. 4, len. The lens, which is only a modification of the cuticula, shows even more plainly than the latter its com position of successive layers, the markings be ing as is commonly the case in lenses which are strongly convex, more or less concentric. Lentigen. There are three distinct layers be neath the lens, which in passing from the surface to the deeper portions I shall call respectively len- tigen, middle layer, and retina. The len tigen con - sists of a single layer of elongated cells which ra diate more or less regu larly from the lens as a center, Fig. 4, L They are of unequal lengths, those of the center being longest, and those nearer the margins of the lens successively shorter, so that the deep surface of the lentigen is usually hemispherical with a tendency to a conical form. The transition to the unmodified hypo- dermis is nevertheless quite abrupt. The nuclei of the lentigen cells are closely crowded in a single layer at the deep surface of the lentigen often so closely that they are nearly twice as long as broad They are granula-i and have distinct nuclear membranes. The hypodermis underlying the cuticula that surrounds the lens is filled with roughly spherical granules of pigment. The hypodermal cells form a single layer of epithelium, but he pigment obscures this structure to such an extent that it is almost 1 mpossible to make out the cell boundaries. In some sections, where FIG. 4. Diagrammatic section of right eye of poste rior pair, slightly obliquely transverse to chief axis of body : len, lens ; I, lentigen ; h, hypodermis ; s, space ; x, middle layer of cells ; r, rods ; c, cones ; ret., reti- nulee ; mi, nuclear region of retina. X 350. 50 The "f *( ri'(tt. this layer has heen ruptured, nuclei are found which are supplied with a well defined membrane surrounding granular contents. So far as the nuclei are concerned, these pigmented hypodermal cells do not differ materially from the adjacent hypodermal cells that are lacking in pig ment, Fig. 5, h. Space. Below the lentigen is a large space, which, in the living animal, is probably filled with fluid, for in none of my preparations is there any trace of structural ele ments. A conception of the form of this space may be obtained by taking a truncated cone of plastic modeler's clay and th rust ing into the truncated sur face a sphere, and suppos ing that there is a con vexity corresponding to this hemispherical de pression bulging out from the base of the cone. This modified truncated cone (the space) has its base formed by the slightly curving distal surface of the cells of the middle layer, Fig. 4, :r, and the truncated surface is depressed by the in- w r ardly projecting hemi spherical lentigen, Fig. 4, I. That this space is not artificially produced by shrinkage and consequent separation of the lentigen from the middle layer of cells is sufficiently evident from the constancy of its presence and form, but even more certainly from the fact that the deep surface of the lentigen and the outer surface of the middle layer cannot be imagined to have been in contact, for if they had been, such separation would have produced ragged ruptures and given conditions not shown in my series of slides. Middle layer. Below and proximal to the space is a single layer of co lumnar cells, Fig. 4, a*. Like the lentigen, this layer is thickest in the middle, and diminishes very gradually and uniformly in thickness to ward the margin. The contents of these cells are granular. The nuclei are situated in the proximal ends of the cells, and have coarsely granular contents and very faint, if any, nuclear membranes. The cells have re markably well-defined cell walls. That this layer was not attached to and subsequently torn away from the lentigen by the microtome knife seems to be clearly shown by the fact that this middle layer has secreted on its distal surface bordering the space a thick cuticular-like structure. t FIG. 5. Section of left eye of the posterior and ventral .pair, transverse to axis of body. Lens crinkled and hy- podermis ruptured (abbreviations as in Fig. 4). X 300. The Eye of Byblis serrata. 51 Turning now to the parts of the eye lying proximal to the middle layer of cells, we notice that in all these deeper portions, which apparently cor. respond to the rods, cones, and retinulse of Delia Valle, there seem to be no nuclei, except those lying at the proximal or bottom part of the eye, which is clearly the nuclear region of the retina. The omatidia embrace at least the rods, cones, and reti unite. Rods. The rods lie immediately beneath and proximal to the middle layer of cells, from which they are separated by a distinct line. The rods, Fig. 4, r, are somewhat more numerous than the cells in the middle layer. They are columnar, about as tall as the longest cells of the middle layer, but some of the marginal ones are shorter. The rods are coarsely granular. In oblique frontal sections through the chief axis of the eye there is an indication that each rod may possibly be made up of two parts. Cones. Beneath and proximal to each rod, and in close connection with it, is a crystalline cone, Fig. 4, c, which has a rounded cubical form and is highly refractive. Each cone is homogeneous except for a white space that usually occurs within its body. These spaces often have the appear ance of more or less spheroidal cavities or vacuoles, but such vacuoles generally indicate the plane of separation between the two component parts of the crustacean cone. This apparent resolution of the cone into two parts seems to be indicated in cross-sections by two opposite sharp indentations of the outline. Relinulx. Closely adhering to each cone is a bundle of five fusiform elements, Fig. 4, ret. The bundle at a deep level becomes resolved into its separate elements, and at a still deeper level closely packed nuclei of the retinula cells are found, Figs. 4 and 5, nu. These nuclei, which are completely filled with deeply stained granules, are flask-shaped. A cross- section through a fusiform bundle shows five granular retinula cells clus tered about a highly refractive rhabdome composed of four rhabdomeres. At the place where the bundles are resolved a considerable amount of pigment is seen. In across section five /->- thick each retinal cell contains about two grains of pigment. Nerve fibers have been traced from the optic ganglia to the region of the nuclear layer of the retina, but the exact connection with the retinal cells was not clearly seen. CONCLUSIONS. The eye of ByUis serrata, with its large lens, humor space, and complex omatidia, seems to be a compound eye built on the general plan of a simple ocellus, but also furnished with a space whose function may be like that of the vitreous humor space of the vertebrate eye. The true significance of this peculiar eye awaits the deft touch of the embryologist, who, in taking up this sense organ, will certainly enter a field where much is to be learned concerning the morphology of the arthropod eye. VOL. XIII, PP. 53-56 MAY 29, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OK THK BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW FOSSIL BEAR FROM OHIO.* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JK. The United States National Museum has recently purchased from Mr. \V. G. Roberts, of Middletown, Ohio, the skull of an extinct bear found by workmen on the farm of a Mr. Sommers, near Overpeck Station, on the C. H. & D. R. R., four miles from Hamilton, Butler County, Ohio. In regard to the discovery of the specimen, Mr. Roberts writes : " The man who found it was digging a well. When twenty-three feet from the surface he found the skull lying on what appeared to be a nest of petrified sticks." Attem pts to secure some of these ' petrified sticks ' have thus far failed. The skull, that of a very aged individual, probably a female, represents a species somewhat smaller than a black bear. It lacks the lower jaw, but is otherwise only slightly imperfect. Part of the left zygomatic arch is missing, and the left occipital condyle is broken away. These injuries are of ancient date. The pos terior region of the palate was crushed in by the shovel or pick that dislodged the skull from the gravel in which it was im bedded. At the same time the occiput was severely cracked and the right zygomatic arch broken. The pieces, however, fit togetheraccurately. Six teeth remain in place the canines, the posterior premolars, and the posterior molars. All traces of tubercles had been worn from the crowns of the grinding teeth before the animal's death. The skull differs from that of any living American bear in its long, low rostrum, deeply concave forehead, small braincase, * Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. H BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (53) ."> \ Miller A Af//' /'ox.s/7 Bea/rfrom Ohio. and large cheekteeth. The extinct North American species hitherto described are Ardodus pristiuus Leidy, Ursus amplidens Leidy, U. american us fossil is Ijeidy, Ardotherium simum Cope, and Ursus haplodon Cope. These may be examined chronologically. Ardodus pristinus Leidy (Proc. A cad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, VII, p. 90, June, 1854), from the sands of the Ashley River, South Carolina, is a small-toothed species in no way closely related to that represented by the Ohio specimen. Ursus amplidens Leidy (Journ. A cad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, N. S., Ill, p. 168, November, 1856), from " a ravine in the vicinity of Natchez, Mississippi," is known from a penultimate upper molar, and a left mandibular ram us with the posterior tooth in place. The specimen is thus exactly complementary to the Ohio skull. The only common ground for comparison between the two is the size of the molar figured by Leidy and the space for merly occupied by the homologous tooth in the Ohio speci men. Although the two correspond in a general way, this fact alone is obviously insufficient to establish specific identity. Ursus americanus fossilis Leidy (Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila delphia, N. S., Ill, p 169, November, 1856), discovered in the same ravine that contained the remains of Ursus amplidens, is a small-toothed bear closely related to the existing black bears, though probably distinct from any recent species. Arctotkerium simum Cope (American Naturalist, XIII, p. 71)1, December, 1879; ibid., XXV, p. 997, November, 1891), from Shasta County, California, is readily distinguishable from the Ohio specimen by its generic characters and exceedingly short rostrum. Ursus haplodon Cope (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1896, p. 383), from Port Kennedy, Pennsylvania, is a very large animal, the jaws of which " exceed the average dimensions of the grizzly bear." Through the kindness of Mr. Witmer Stone I have been enabled to examine some of the material on which this species was based. This shows that the skull of Ursus haplodon was even more massive than that of the grizzly bears, and therefore nearly double the weight of the Ohio specimen, with which, therefore, the species requires no special comparison. The animal represented by the Ohio specimen, as none of the names based on fossil North American bears are applicable to it, may be called : A New Fossil Bear from <)kio. .">"> Ursus procerus sp. nov. Type No. 4214, United States National Museum. General characters. Skull about as long as that of the black bears (e. g., Ursus americanus and -U. floridanus), but much more slender. Braincase smaller and rostrum larger than in the black bears. Forehead deeply concave. Canine teeth as in Ursus americanus, but molars fully as large as those of Ursus arctos and the grizzly bears. Skull. Viewed from above, the skull of Ursus procerus differs from that of U. americanus and U. floridanus principally in the position of the post- orbital processes relatively to the total length of the skull. In the black bears the distance from the tip of the nasals to a line joining the tips of the postorbital processes is contained nearly or quite twice in that from the latter point to inion. In U. procerus it is contained barely one and one-half times. Postorbital processes short and blunt. Antinion broader and longer than in U. americanus, strongly concave anteriorly, very little elevated laterally and posteriorly. The horizontally expanded basal re gion of the zygoma is about as broad as in U. americanus, but the shelv ing portion of the squamosal behind the zygoma is much narrower and more concave. The zygomatic arch as a whole stands out more widely from the side of the skull than in U. americanus. In this respect it sug gests the grizzly bears. Viewed from the side, the striking peculiarities of the skull become fully apparent. The rostrum is so long, and its dorsal outline so nearly parallel with the alveoli, that, combined with the general length and shallowness of the braincase, it gives the skull a strongly canine aspect. Distance from posterior border of infraorbital foramen to front of pre- maxilla nearly one and one half times depth of rostrum through infra- orbital foramen. In Ursm americanus and U. floridanus the same distance scarcely exceeds the depth. The zygomatic arch as a whole does not differ noticeably from that of U. americanus, though its anterior base ap pears to be somewhat more lightly built. Braincase long and low. Oc cipital condyle larger than in the black bears (fully as large as in U. hor- rihilis) and standing out much more conspicuously behind the paroccipital process. Sagittal crest and lambdoid crest well developed, but not un usually large. Inion strongly overhanging. Viewed from beneath, the most striking peculiarities of the skull of Ursus procerus are the length and breadth of the palate and the narrow ness of the occipital region. The palate is nearly as long and fully as broad as in the skull of a grizzly bear the basal length of which is 40 mm. greater than that of U. procerus. The hinder part of the palate is so much injured that its exact form cannot be determined ; but so far as the frag ments may be taken as a guide the posterior palatal region did not differ appreciably from the corresponding part of the black bear's skull. In- terpterygoid fossa wider than in Ursus americanus. Distance from me dian line of basioccipital to outer side of mastoid process 12 mm. less than in the type skull of Ursus floridanus with approximably equal basal length. Audital bullae smaller than in U. americanus and U. floridanus, but not different in form. Glenoid fossa as in U. americanus. ,")() Miller A J\V/r /'o,s.s// Bear from The occiput, viewed from behind, is narrower and lower than in the black bears. This increases the apparent size of the zygomatic arches. Tcdh. The teeth are so worn that all trace of their tuberculation is lost. In form they do not appear to differ noticeably from those of U. ainericuiin*. In size, however, the molars and premolars fully equal those of Urxnx hon'ililis, though the canines are no larger than in a specimen of IL amcr- ictonix, and considerably smaller than in the skull of U. j!orir> 8. Dryopteris goldieana celsa subsp. nov. Log Fern. (PL I, Figs. 1-6, 8-12.) Structurally similar to Dryopteris goldieana goldieana (PI. I, Figs. 13, 14), but differing in its very erect habit, longer and narrower fronds with smaller and more widely separated pinnules and pinnae, and with the apex regularly decreasing instead of crowded and suddenly shortened. Upper basal pinnules of lower pinme either absent or very much and usually unequally reduced. Fronds lanceolate or lanceolate oblong. Stipes at base densely covered with large and richly alutaceous scales with brown centers and transparent, sharply defined margins; upper scales paler and almost unicolor. Type No. 340,398 National Herbarium, Dismal Swamp, Norfolk County, Virginia, June 8, 1899, William Palmer (collec- or's No. 247). Measurement of type, frond 22 inches (523); longest pinna, the 5th, 5|{136.5) ; stipe 12 (305). Fertile pinnae less than H (31.5) wide; sterile basal pair, greatest width 1| (44.5). Measurements of twenty paratypes : Fronds 10-24 inches (254-009), aver age 19 (483). Stipes : 7-14 J (178-368.5), average 10 (267). Largest frond 24 (609.5); stipe 101 (2tfl); longest pinna, the 8th, 4 (L24; the lowest pinna 4 (101.5). Sterile fronds few, much smaller and less elongate. Three lower pairs of pinnae of fertile fronds sterile or nearly so. In habit, situation, and aspect this fern is quite unlike typical D. gol lie ina. It suggests D: florid :ttia* but differs in outline ; its pinnules are not so widely separated, and the shape of the lower pinnae, especially the two lowest, are quite different, as shown in Figs. 6 and 9-12. Its relationship to goldieana is shown by the character of the scales at the base of the stipe (quite unlike the cristata group), by the reduced size of the basal pinnules on the lower pinnae, the lower one being absent, by the broadest portion of the lower pinme not occurring at the base, and by the peculiar stalked character of the rachides of the pinnae, es pecially the basal pair. Though occurring in a swamp it is practically a plant of dry habitat, as compared with the broad herbaceous I), goldieana, which grows on damp ground. The difference is well shown by compar ing the tall and narrow D. cristata, characteristic of dryer ground, with the large, coarse D. cristata clintoniana, which grows in wetter places. This apparent paradox is rendered plain by the statement that celsa does not grow on the ground of the swamp but in moss on stumps and logs where the supply of moisture is limited and where the plants are exposed to a fair, often abundant amount of light. D. goldieana grows in damp, rich and well shaded situations. Both these plants are densely covered about the bases of the stipes with large dark brown centered scales, almost black in goldieana., most of which jare bordered by a narrow, transparent' ribbon, the contrast between the two portions being sharply defined. In celsa the rachis is grooved in front even to the apex, but in goldieana *D)-yopterisfloridana bears the same relation to D. cristata, or rather to D. c. clintoniana, that D. g. celsa does to D. goldieana. 66 Palmer Ferm of the Dismal Swamp, it is stouter, more fleshy and grooved for only a short distance above the lower pinna, or faintly further. In D. crist(il, Jlni-hiana and in clintoniana the basal pinnules of all the pinnae are largest and longest; in celsa and goldieana, some pinna-, especially the apical ones, are similar, but the lower piniue, especially the lowermost, have the pinnules, even for several pairs, very much reduced. In good fertile fronds of celxa and goldieana the lower basal pinnule of the lowest pair of pimue is always absent but sometimes present or appar ently present in some undersized fronds. This is often the case in gol dieana, but only occurs rarely in cdsa. The basal pinnules of the upper pinme of both these ferns are always opposite and very exactly so, but they begin to diverge at the centers of the piniue. On the lower piniue this p tiring is rare and it is not easy to determine whether the opposite of the reduced upper basal pinnule has never been developed or whether it is represented by the one occupying the adjoining position. This latter view would seem to be correct, the lower pinnules having been gradually moved along the rachis toward the tip during the evolution of the form. In very young fronds (Figs. 5, 8) there is a wide space of the lower pinna beneath, the pinnule seems forced away from the rachis and the base of the mid vein, inclines toward the rachis of the pinna for some distance. The same result is shown in numerous young fronds of both forms. Fig. 14 represents the common type of goldieana, while Figs. 6 and 9-12 are from specimens of celsa. Dryopteris goldieana is extremely herbaceous and robust, its pinnules and pinnae being large and often overlapping. In celsa they are always widely separated ; both are much narrower, and there is no sudden change from the long, wide pinnae to the shorter, narrower one of a crowded apex as in goldieana. The reduction or absence of the lower pinnules results in producing a stalk for the pinnae, short in goldieana, longer in celsa. The pinnae of celsa incline upwards very decidedly, whereas in goldieana they stand at a right angle to the rachis or are only slightly inclined up wards. These differences between the very erect narrow celsa and the broad, drooping and herbaceous goldieana result from differences in hab itat, the dryer and lighter situation of cdsa contrasting in its results with the gloomy, damp habitat of goldieana. On July 30, 1899, I found two clumps of goldieana on the Virginia bluffs of the Potomac river opposite Cabin John Bridge. The first contained over fifty plants, all with well drooping fronds and nearly all the lower pin nules of the lower pinnae normal. These plants were growing at the foot of the talus among the rocks, and the trees formed a dense canopy overhead. In the second clump a mile further down, in a precisely sim ilar situation, were several dozen plants. But here the thinness of the foliage overhead permitted the sun to shine on the plants for several hours daily. The early fronds were drooping as in the first clump, but the later and mostly fertile fronds were more erect, and the divisions were less herbaceous and consequently less crowded, but in no case to the same extent as in celsa. Ferns oftJie Dismal Swamp, Vii'7 The differences in the character of the lower basal pinnules in these two ferns is ecologically an interesting feature. The usual character of these pinnules in goldieana is shown in Fig. 14. In Fig. 13 is shown an other, which was growing in bright sunlight, at Great Falls, Virginia ; the shortening of the lower pinnules is evident. The first style of frond grows in damp well-shaded situations and droops in such a way that a practically equal amount of light is received by all portions of its upper surface. But a difference occurs when the light is more abundant ; then the frond becomes strengthened, that is, more erect, and consequently the upper and middle portions shade the lower pinnse. A struggle thus en sues between the pinnae for light. The lowermost, owing to their position, are seriously handicapped, but instead of remaining in the same or nearly the same plane, as in the case of well-shaded fronds, these lower pinme turn more toward the light, so that their tips approach each other and their upper surfaces are turned nearly 90 degrees, so as to obtain the light as nearly as possible perpendicular to their plane. In pressing such specimens the stalks of one or more pinnae are' necessarily frac tured where they join the stipe. In thus bringing the lower pinnee almost together in order to obtain the greatest amount of light the greater por tion of each pinna is entirely successful, but at the expense of the lower pinnules ; especially so on the lowest and less so toward the middle. These lower pinnules are shaded not only by their own overlapping when the pinnre are flexed, but also by the stout stipe and the pin nules above. Consequently they do not receive a normal amount of light and therefore during the growing period fail to develop perfectly, and are outstripped by the more fortunately placed middle pinnules. One extreme is shown in the usual frond of goldieana, the other in nearly every frond of celsa. Specimens of goldieana collected about Washington, an intermediate locality, altitudinally and geographically, have these basal pinnules in many cases much, and often unequally, reduced, but never to the extent of celsa. Similarity of general structure and the ecological character of the differences between these two ferns warrant the view that celsa is a true subspecies of goldieana, and therefore a geographical race or physiological subspecies. Our swamp plant therefore is a product of abundant light, limited root moisture, and the struggle for existence under peculiar conditions, which do not, or but very slightly, affect its relative. In June, 1896, near the head of Washington ditch, I found a few im mature plants of celsa and considered them D. c. clintoniatia. The follow ing year, at the same place, I found some larger but imperfect fertile fronds. This year, while penetrating the swamp north of the outlet canal and about eight miles east of the other locality, I found numerous plants ranging, through all stages, from those with the first fronds and the remains of the prothalli, to plants over thirty inches high. It is possible that this fern occurs in other localities in the same general region. The log fern grows in several situations. About the base of a large gum tree, where there was an accumulation of waste woody matter and an <>s Palmer Ferns o/ the Dismal Swamp, Vii'l / consideration the genius of our language forbids it. To have left these terms in French would have been inexpedient for self- evident reasons ; and the idea of giving a class in Latin, an order in French, &c., presented too revolting a medley. By giving them all in Latin, the common language of science, these objec tions vanished." (p. iv.) Cabassous, instead of Tatoua, is therefore the earliest tenable name for the naked-tailed armadillos, and the species given by Trouessart, including the one added by Miller, will stand : Cabas- sous unicinctus (Linn.), C. loricatus (Natt.), C. hispidus (Burm.), C. (Ziphila) lugubris (Gray), and C. (Ziphila) centralis (Miller). Other French names used by Cuvier for armadillos, which McMurtrie endeavored to preserve by putting them in Latin form, are : Apara, based on Dasypus tridnctus; Cachicamus, includ ing D. novemdnctus and D. septemdiictus ; and Encoubertus, includ ing D. sexdnctus and D. octodedmdnctus. These names, however, are untenable, as they were only common names prior to 1831, and other generic terms had previously come into use for the groups to which they were applied. Thus Apara is antedated by Tolypeutes Illiger, 1811, Cachicamus by Tatu Blumenbach, 1803, while Encoubertus is a synonym of Eaphractus Wagler, 1830, and Dasypus Linnseus, 1758. Thomas* has already called attention to the fact that Cyclopes Gray, 1821, is the earliest tenable name for the two-toed anteater (Myrmecophaga didactyla Linn.), usually referred to Cydothunis. But as he merely mentioned it in a discussion of the names in Gloger's ' Handbuch,' it has been apparently overlooked, and it may therefore be worth while to refer to it in this connection, as Cydothurus still remains in use. As a matter of fact, Cydothurus, although usually quoted as dating from 1825,f is merely a nomen nudum in this reference, and was first published as a valid genus in 1842, in Lesson's ' Nouveau Tableau Regne Animal,, p. 152. There are at least three other genera based on Myrmecophaga didactyla: Eurypterna Gloger, 1841, Myrmydon J Wagler, 1830, and Didactyles F. Cuvier, 1829, which are actually earlier than Cydothurus, so that the latter name is clearly untenable and should give way to Cyclopes. * Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., 6th ser., XV, p. 191, Feb., 1895. tThomson's Annals of Philos., XXVI, p. 343, Nov., 1825. JJNat. Syst. d. Amphibien, p. 36, 1830. \ Diet. Sci. Nat., LIX, p. 501, 1829. Notes on the Genera of Edentates. 73 Tama)idua,Yike Cyclolhuru8,\& usually quoted from Thomson's Annals of Philosophy (1. c., p. 343). It Avas, however, merely published in a list of genera as ' Tamandua, Gray, M. R.,' and the only pretense to a description consists of the letters ' M. R.,' referring to Gray's paper in the London Medical Repository. * This paper contains the following list of edentates : " Tamanoir, Myrmecophaga. Lin. M. jubata. Lin. Tamandua, Myrmecophaga tamandua. Cuv. Ant-eater, Cyclopes, G. Myrmecophaga didactyla. Lin. Pargolen [sic], Manis. Manis pentadactyla. Lin." Here Tamandua is merely a common name and stands on an entirely different footing from Cyclopes. A careful examination of this paper will show (1) that the names in the first column of this list are intended as common names, those in the second as genera, and these are followed by the type or included species ; (2) that when the common name is adopted for the genus, it is usually repeated; and (3) that genera are usually (but not always) followed by the authority, e. g., Myrmecophaga Lin. and Cyclopes G. Thus Tamanoir, Tamandua, Ant-eater, and Pangolin are common names, while Myrmecophaga, Cyclopes, and Manis are genera. The first unquestionable use of Tamandua as a genus is in Lesson's ' Nouveau Tableau,' p. 152, 1842, where it is based on Myrmecophaga tetradactyla Linn. But as in the case of Cyclothnrus it is antedated, since Dry oryx Gloger, 1841, and rroleptes^ Wagler, 1830, were also based on M. tetradactyla (of which M. tamandua is a synonym). Uroleptes has priority over Dryoryx, and is apparently the earliest tenable name for the genus. *Vol. XV, p. 305, Apr. 1, 1821. fNat. System d. Amphibien, p. 36, 1830. VOL. XIII, PP. 75-78 SEPTEMBER 28, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON NEW TREEFROG FROM THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, Jit. In June, 1893, Mr. W. P. Hay added to the known fauna of the District of Columbia f a treefrog which he found in consid erable numbers in a marsh at Mount Vernon, Virginia. He pre sented eighteen specimens of the animal, identified as Hyla cinerea (Daudin) (=H. ' carolinensis J ), to the United States National Museum. Two years later Mr. Hay collected specimens at Little Hunting Creek, Va. Four of these are now in the National Mu seum. This frog was first brought to my notice early in June, 1898, when, in company with Mr. A. H. Howell, I heard its notes, strikingly different from those of the other batrachians of the region, at Four Mile Run, Va. A week later seven were captured here by Mr. Howell and Mr. E. A. Preble. Since then we have taken, in the marshes at Four Mile Run and Dyke, a locality between Alexandria and Mount Vernon, Virginia, about thirty individuals, some of which I have had in captivity for over a year. Comparison of these with living examples of Hyla cinerea from Bay St. Louis, Miss., shows that the northern and southern forms are readily distinguishable from each other by characters of both form and color. Most conspicuous among these is the normal absence in the northern animal of the stripes on sides * Published by permission of the Secretary of tho Smithsonian Institu tion. t The ' fauna of the District of Columbia ' is generally understood to in clude that of the region within a radius of twenty miles from the Capitol. 19-Bior, Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (75) 7<> Miller A Neiv Trccfrog from tlic District of Columbia. and legs so conspicuous in Hyla cmerea. It may therefore be called : Hyla evittata sp. nov. Type adult tf (in alcohol) No. 26,291, United States National Museum, collected at Four Mile Run, Alexandria County, Virginia, July 15, 1898, by Gerrit 8. Miller, Jr., and Edward A. Preble. Zonal position. This frog is probably confined to the Upper Austral zone. Geographic distribution. While the animal is at present known from the marshes of the Potomac River near Washington only, it is to be looked for near the coast from Chesapeake Bay to Long Island Sound. General characters. Like Hyla cinerea (Daudin) but with broader, deeper muzzle and normally unstriped body and legs. Color. Entire dorsal surface varying from olivaceous brown through deep myrtle-green to pale yellowish grass-green ; ventral surface white, irregularly tinged with yellow, especially on chin and throat; colors of back and belly fading rather abruptly into each other on lower part of sides ; skin of under surface of limbs unpigmented, transparent ; legs and jaws slightly paler on sides than above ; eye very bright and iridescent, the pupil black, the iris golden greenish yellow, thickly dotted with black; back with a few usually less than half a dozen inconspicuous, minute, yellowish dots. Measurements. Type:* head and body, 48; hind leg, 69; femur, 20; tibia, 21; tarsus, 11; hind foot, 17 ; humerus, 8 ; forearm, 8; front foot, 10; greatest width of head, 14; eye to nostril, 3.5; distance between nostrils, 3.5. An adult $ from the type locality: head and body, 50; hind leg, 70 ; femur, 21 ; tibia, 21 ; tarsus, 11 ; hind foot, 17 ; humerus, 8 ; forearm, 8; front foot, 10; greatest width of head, 14; eye to nostril, 4; distance between nostrils, 3. Remarks. Hyla evittata is at once distinguishable from H. cinerea, its only near ally, by the absence of the stripes on sides and legs, so con spicuous in the latter. Except for the differences in the shape of the head, the two animals agree perfectly in form and dimensions. Hyla evittata, however, probably averages slightly larger than H. c-nerea. The peculiarities in the form of the head are more readily seen than described. Tn Hyla evittata the outline of the muzzle when viewed from above is dis tinctly more bluntly rounded than in H. cinerea, and as a result the nos trils are wider apart and less distant both from eyes and tip of muzzle. Viewed from the side, the depth from nostril to mouth is perceptibly greater in H. evittata than in H. cinerea. The granulation of the skin of belly and hind legs is identical in the two animals. These comparisons are entirely based on living individuals. *An adult tf H. cmerea from Bay St. Louis, Miss., measures: head and body, 48; hind leg, 68; femur, 20; tibia, 21; tarsus, 11; hind foot. 15; humerus, 9; forearm, 9; front foot, 10; greatest width of head, 13; eye to nostril, 4; distance between nostrils, 2.5. A New Treefrog from the Disfn'ri of Columbia. 77 Color variation in Hyla criilala is very great, and as in other treefrogs chiefly dependent on the character of tlie surface on which the animal is resting. When searching for food among the leaves and stems of pickerel weed and pond- lilies, Hyla evittata assumes a yellowish grass-green tint, closely harmonizing with the color of the plants. In captivity the color is usually darker and duller, this tendency culminating in rich myrtle- green and dark olivaceous brown in individuals that have rested on brown bark or have remained long hidden in a dark corner. The color during hibernation under moss and sod is much paler than that assumed by the same individuals when hiding in similar places during the summer. However great the changes in color may be, at no time is there developed any trace of stripes. If rudiments of these are present they are always visible. Similarly in Hyla cinerea, which undergoes an exactly parallel series of color changes, the stripes are never affected in distinctness, though they are most conspicuous when the general color of the animal offers the greatest contrast. The stripes of Hyla cinerea vary in living in dividuals from silvery white to metallic reddish gold. The body stripes are almost invariably bordered by a narrow black line. When the animal is in repose the body stripes are about 1.5 mm. in width, but when it is ut tering its note the body becomes greatly swollen and the stripes broaden to three times their normal width, and at the same time assume their brightest colors. The leg stripes are narrower and less sharply defined than the body stripes, and their dark margins are less constant in devel opment. As to the constancy of the color differences between the two forms : I have handled about two dozen living and freshly killed specimens of Hi/la evittata, and have probably seen nearly as many more at a distance of only a few feet. Among these one had a faintly developed stripe at the angle of the jaw. Of the twenty-two alcoholic specimens collected by Mr. Hay and now in the National Museum, eight have traces of the body stripe, which, however, in no instance is margined with black, or as sharply defined as in those southern specimens in which the stripe is shortened and narrowed. Of sixty-one specimens of Hyla cinerea (seven received alive from H. H. & C. 8. Brimley,* the others preserved in alco hol in the U. S. National Museum f) there is considerable variation in the leg stripes, but with only t\vo exceptions the body stripe, though varying in length and breadth, is conspicuously developed, definite in outline, and usually margined with black. In the two abnormal indi viduals (one from Bay St. Louis, Miss., the other from New Orleans, La.) the leg stripes are absent, and the body stripes reduced to mere traces near the angle of the jaw. When forwarding the unstriped specimen from Mississippi, the Messrs. Brimley wrote that it was the only one of the kind observed among the large number that have passed through * Taken at Bay St. Louis, Miss. t From the following localities : Texas, New Braunfels ; Louisiana, New r Orleans; Florida, Clear Water, Georgiana, Indian River, Lemon City, Marco Island, Pensacola; North Carolina, Beaufort. 78 Miller .1 AV/r 7m;/ro// from tlt< Dixlr'n-t <>j ( their hands. Such individuals as these are readily distinguishable from the faintly striped specimens of Hyla ccittala by the form of the muzzle. Habit*. Very little is known about the habits of Hi/la edttala. In June and July the animals are to be found in the rank vegetation of the tide marshes. Here they remain quiet during the day, but as evening ap proaches they become active and noisy. Their food at this time consists chiefly of a small beetle that is found on the leaves of the pond-lilies. The note is like that of Hyla pickeruigii in form, but in quality it is com paratively harsh and reedy, with a suggestion of distant Guinea-fowl chatter, and scarcely a trace of the peculiar freshness so characteristic of the song of the smaller species. The song period continues through June and July. Later in the season the frogs leave the low marsh vegetation. As they are then perfectly silent they are difficult to find, though occa sionally one may be seen in a bush or small tree, but never far from water. VOL. XIII, PP. 79-90 SEPTEMBER 28, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE DOGBANES OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA * BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. Two dogbanes, Apocynum cannabinum and A.androsze.niifoliuni) were recorded in the first detailed list of plants of the District of Columbia, published nearly seventy years ago.f In 1876 the same plants were included in the ' Flora Columbians ' of the Po tomac-Side Naturalists' Club, without special comment.^ Five years later Ward relegated the second species to the list of plants whose occurrence in the vicinity of Washington is doubtful. At the same time 1 1 he recognized two forms of Apocynum cannabinum, the typical A. cannabinum cannabinum, of general distribution, and A. cannabinum glaberrimum, found only on the flats of the Po tomac River bottom at Little Falls. In 1886 Knowlton discovered a species which he recorded &s Apocynum andros%mifolium*f { and in 1892 ** and 1896 ft Holm published further records of a plant that he supposed to be the same. In 1897 Greene raised the Apocynum cannabinum glaberrimum of Ward to specific rank under the name A. album, and at the same time described Holm's A. * Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Insti tution. t Flone Oolumbianse Prodromus, p. 24, 1830. t Flora Columbiana, p. 16, 1876. \ Guide to the Flora of Washington and Vicinity (Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 22), p. 12, 1881. || Ibid., p. 97. i?roc. Biol. Soc., Washington, III, p. 108. ** Ibid., VII, p. 118. tflbid., X, p. 36. 20 Riot.. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (79) so Mill<>rT!ic Dogbanes nfthr IMnd of Columbia. androsxmifolium as a new species, A. medium* Thus androsaeniifolium was again eliminated from the District flora, unless Knowltoirs plant should prove to have been correctly identified. His specimens, however, cannot now be found. Up to the present time, therefore, three species have been positively recorded from the vicinity of the District of Columbia:! <'/"- cynum cannabinum Li imams, A. album Greene, and A. medium Greene. But this number must be more than doubled, as I find from an examination of about two thousand plants that Apocy- num androssemifolium is actually a member of the flora, while in addition there occur three hitherto undescribed species. NOMENCLATURE. Eight names have been based on dogbanes from eastern North Amer ica. They are as follows : Album. Apocynum album Greene, Pittonia, III, p. 230, December, 1897, is based on the narrow-leaved, white- flowered plant of the canna binum type common on the shores of the Potomac River near Washington, and throughout its range confined to similar situations. Dr. Greene in forms me that the type was collected near Chain Bridge, Montgomery County, Maryland. Androsaemifolium. [Apocynum'] androssemifolium Linnreus, Species Plantarum, p. 213, 1753, is the spreading, large-flowered dogbane of the Boreal and Transition zones. Eastern Canada is probably the type lo cality of the species. Cannabinum. [Apocynuiri] cannabinum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, p. 213, 1753, is an erect, green-flowered plant of eastern North America. The original description leaves no doubt that the name was used by Linmeus in essentially the same sense that it is understood today. Glaberrimum. \_ Apocynum cannabinum'] a glaberrimiun De Candolle, Prodr. Syst. Nat. Regn. Veg., pt. VIII, p. 439, 1844. The description of this plant (under Apocynum cannabinum) is as follows: " glaberri miun. A. Canadense maximum flore minimo herbaceo. Pluk. 35, t. 13 f. 1. (ic. mediocr.) A. erectum, etc., ejusd. t. 260. f. 4. A. cannabinum R. Br. wern. trans. I. p. 68. Torr. ! fl. un. st. p. 276. A. cannabinum Hook. 1. c. t, 139 opt. A. piscatorium Dougl.! mss. ex nostr. specim. hie refer endum ; eamdem vero plantain ad A. hypericifolium retulit c). Hook. 1. c. (v. s.)" This name has recently been used by Britton and Brown for the plant described as A. album by Greene. The reason for this course is not clear, as none of the descriptions cited by De Candolle refer to the plant in question. Plukenet's figures, for a tracing of which I am * Pittonia, III, pp. 229-230, December, 1897. |That is, within a radius of twenty miles from the Capitol. The Dogbane* of the District of Columbia. 81 indebted to Mr. Chas. Bullard, of Cambridge, Mass., both represent broad-leaved plants of the cannabinum type. R. Brown's description* refers merely to a lanceolate-leaved, glabrous plant. It contains no refer ence to any of the peculiar characters of Apocynum album. The same is true of the accounts given by Torrey and Hooker. It seems obvious, therefore, that unless better evidence can be brought forward than that furnished by the original description, the name glaberrimum is too vaguely defined to supplant the well-established name album. At most it can perhaps be used for one of the numerous forms of Apocynum cannabinum. Hypericifolium. Apocynum hypericifolium Aiton, Hortus Kewensis, I> p. 304, 1798, is a clasping-leaved green-flowered plant that has not yet been detected in the neighborhood of the District of Columbia. Although recorded from Virginia t the species is now known from the region west of the Alleghenies only. Incanum. [Apocynum androstemifolium \ j3. incanum De Candolle, Prodr. Syst. Nat. Regn. Veg., pt. VIII, p. 439, 1844, is merely an unusually pubescent individual of Apocynum androsxmifolium. Such plants not in frequently occur, but they do not represent a definite form. Medium. Apocynum medium Greene, Pittonia, III, p. 229, December, 1897, is a small-flowered member of the androsxmifolium group. It was first recorded by Eiolm as Apocynum androsxmifolium. Pubescens. A[pocynum\ pubescens R. Brown, Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc., I, (1808-10), p. 68, 1811,+ from Virginia, is a pubescent form of A. cannabinum, probably worthy of recognition byname. A plant agree ing closely with the original description is not uncommon in the District of Columbia; and the U. S. National Herbarium contains a specimen collected in Virginia. This is a whitish-flowered species probably dis tinct from the A. pubescens of Britton and Brown. $ *"A. cannabinum, foliis lanceolatis utrinque acutis, glabris, cymis paniculatis, calyce tubum corolke aequante." This copy I owe to Mr. Chas. Bullard. tDe Candolle, Prodr. Syst. Nat. Regn. Veg., pt. VIII, p. 440, 1844. + Professor N. L. Britton has kindly sent me a copy of the original de scription of Apocynum pubescens. It is as follows : ".-1. pubescens, foliis ovato-oblongis mucronatis ; basi obtusis ; utrinque cymaque breviore pubescentibns, calyce corollam sub^equante. " Hab. In Virginia, Mitchell, in Herb. Banks, [ubi V. S.]." \ 111. Flora N. United States, Canada, and Brit. Poss., Ill, p. 3. 1898. 82 Miller The Dogbanes of the District of Columbia. SYNOPSIS OF THE DOGBANES OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Corolla conspicuous (white or pink), its lobes spreading or recurved. Inflorescence both terminal and axillary ; corolla terete, broadly campanulate, bright pink, about 8 mm. in length, its tube narrowed in the throat at level of tips of calyx lobes A. ANDROSJEMIFOLIUM (p. 82). Inflorescence strictly terminal ; corolla pentagonal, urce- olate to campanulate or tubular, white or pale pink, 4-7 mm. in length, its tube not narrowed in the throat. Branches mostly green, ascending ; erect white flow ers (about 7 mm. long) in large, compact, rather flat cymes ; corolla campanulate A. SPECIOSUM (p. 83). Branches mostly strongly tinged with reddish pur ple, those at least of the upper part of the plant widely spreading; suberect white or pale pink flowers (4-6 mm. long) in small, loose, irregular cymes ; corolla tubular to urceolate. Calyx lobes broad, much shorter than tube of pinkish, suburceolate or tubular corolla; flowers about 6 mm. in length A. MEDIUM (p. 84). Calyx lobes narrow, about as long as tube of white, urceolate corolla; flowers about 5 mm. in length A. URCEOLIFKR (p. 85). Corolla inconspicuous (greenish or whitish), its lobes erect or nearly so. Leaves few, spreading or drooping on slender petioles which are usually three times the length of the flowers A. NEMORALE (p. 87). Leaves many, ascending on robust petioles which are usually scarcely longer than flowers. Leaves glabrous, from one fifth to one-fourth as broad as long; flowers essentially white; plant very slender and much branched A. ALBUM (p. 88)- Leaves pubescent on underside at least, from one- third to one-half as broad as long; flowers varying from dull green to white; plant stout and rela tively less branched A. CANNABINUM (page 86). Apocynum androsaemifolium Linnaeus. (PI. II, Fig. 1.) 1753. [Apocynnm] androsasinifofium Linnyeis, Species Plantarum, p. 213. J844. \_Apocynumandrosxmifolium] /3. incanum De Candolle, Prodr. Syst. Nat Veg., pt. Vlli, p. 439. 1898. Apocynum androvxiuijoliuni Britton and Brown, Illustrated Flora Northern United States, Canada, and Brit. Poss. , III, p. 3. The Dogbanes of the District of Columbia. 83 Type locality. Probably eastern Canada. Geographic distribution. Eastern North America from Newfoundland (specimen in U. S. Nat. Herb.) to Georgia (Britton and Brown), west to the plains. Zonal pos'dton. Apoci/num androsiemifolium appears to be an inhabitant of the Transition zone and Lower Boreal zone, occasionally reaching the Upper Austral zone, but probably by accident. Habitat. Thickets and fields. Characters. Plant robust, 1 to 1.5 m. high, from a perennial horizontal rootstock ; branches dichotomously widely spreading, glabrous, strongly tinged with purple; leaves spreading, mucronate tipped (about 55x40 mm.), the uppermost ovate oblong, the lower broadly rounded at base, the upper slightly narrowed ; upperside of leaves glabrous, dusky green, underside of leaves pale, and finely but inconspicuously pubescent ; petioles slender, mostly about 5 mm. in length, finely pubescent on under side; inflorescence in small, irregular, terminal and axillary cymes of few nodding flowers, the axillary clusters generally the smaller ; cymes usually shorter than leaves ; pedicels 5-10 mm. in length, subulate-bracted at base ; calyx glabrous, its segments narrow, generally less than half as long as corolla tube ; corolla bright pink, in fully developed flowers about 8 mm. long, widely campanulate, its tube terete, the throat narrowed at level of tip of calyx lobes ; corolla segments rounded at tip, considerably more than half as long as tube, and when fully developed conspicuously re curved ; pods drooping, about 170 mm. in length. Remarks. Apocymim androssemifoliuin is immediately recognizable among the species occurring in eastern North America by its ovate leaves, and large, bright pink, nodding flowers in partly axillary clusters, and by the terete corolla tube, distinctly narrowed in the throat. The out line of the corolla varies much in different stages of growth. Some of the forms that it assumes in its development from the bud to the fully grown flower are shown in the figures (see PI. II, Fig. 1). Throughout its growth, however, the corolla tube is strictly terete, while in all of the plants with which the species might be confused the pentagonal con tour of the corolla is evident even in the half-grown buds. The charac teristic form of the corolla is for the most part lost in dried specimens. On account of the dichotomous branching of the stem, there can be no distinct central flower cluster as in A. cannabinum. The only specimens of this species positively known to have been col lected in the vicinity of the District of Columbia are two plants which I found at the roadside between Sligo Branch and Paint Branch, Mont gomery County, Maryland, on June 25, 1899. Apocynum speciosum sp. nov. (PI. II, Fig. 2.) Type No. 340,395, United States National Herbarium, collected in dry old field, at side of road leading from Silver Spring to Sligo Branch, Mont gomery County, Maryland, June 25, 1899, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. 84 Miller The Dogbanes of the Dixh'iH <>f Cnlinubia. Geographic distribution. Apocynum spedomtm is ut present known from two localities, Sligo and Glen Echo, both in Montgomery County, Mary land. Zonal position. From its manner of occurrence this species appears to be a member of the Upper Austral flora. Habitat. Fields and roadsides. Characters. Plant robust, .75 to 1.25 in. high, from a perennial hori zontal rootstock, branches ascending, glabrous, green ; leaves ascending? oblong, inconspicuously mucronate tipped, the lower (mostly about 70-80 x 35-45) slightly rounded at base, the uppermost tapering at each end; upperside of leaves dark green, glabrous, underside slightly paler and essentially glabrous except along the veins where a fine pubescence may be detected; petioles 4-8 mm. in length, slender above, shorter and more robust below, finely pubescent on underside ; inflorescence in large compact, flat-topped strictly terminal cymes of very many erect flowers, the cymes at first exceeded in length by the leaves, but afterwards slightly longer; pedicels about 4 mm. in length subulate-braeted at base; calyx very slightly pubescent (this character probably variable), its segments narrow, half as long as corolla tube ; corolla white or very faintly tinged with pink inside, about 6-7 mm. in length, campanulate, its tube dis tinctly pentagonal, the throat not narrowed ; corolla segments pointed, slightly more than half as long as tube, spreading but not recurved ; pods drooping, about 70 to 120 mm. in length. Remarks. In this plant the habit is almost precisely similar to that of A.cannabinum. The branches are erect, very indistinctly, if at all, dicho- tomous, the leaves ascending, the flowers upright, and the inflorescence is in distinctly flat-topped cymes, the central of which, at the end of the main stem, is usually but not always the largest, and earliest to flower. As the lateral branches rise toward or above the level of the central head they in turn produce flat, terminal clusters, thus prolonging the flowering season from before the middle of June nearly to the middle of August. Accompanying the luxuriant inflorescence of this plant is an unusually profuse development of fruit, which often hangs in dense clusters from the lower part of a cyme which above is still a mass of flowers. Apocynum medium Greene. (PL II, Fig. 3.) 1892. Apocynum androsxini/olium Holm, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, VII, p. 118 (not of Linnaeus 1753). 1897. Apocynum medium Greene, Pittonia, III, p. 229, December, 1897. Type locality. Vacant lots bordering 12th St., in Brookland, D. C. Zonal position. Apocynum medium will probably be found to occur throughout the upper Austral zone of the eastern United States. It is to be looked for also in the lower part of the Transition zone. Habitat. Dry, open ground. Characters. Plant slender, seldom more than 1 in. high, from a peren nial horizontal rootstock; branches dichotomously widely spreading, gla- The Dogbanes of the District of CoJmnl>in. So brous, reddish purple ; leaves spreading, oblong, macron ate -tipped, the lowermost (about 85 x 40) somewhat rounded at base, the uppermost tapering at each end ; upperside of leaves dark, clear green, glabrous ; un derside yellowish green, finely pubescent ; petioles about 5 mm. in length, slender above, more robust below, finely pubescent; inflorescence in small rather compact, strictly terminal but not flat topped, cymes of numerous Huberect flowers, the cymes usually exceeded by the leaves ; pedicel* 2-3 mm. in length, subulate bracted at base ; calyx finely pubescent (this char acter probably inconstant), its segments broad, distinctly less than half as long as corolla tube; corolla light pink, or white strongly blotched with pink inside, about 5-6 mm. in length, suburceolate or tubular, its tube distinctly pentagonal, the throat not narrowed, corolla segments rounded, half as long as tube, spreading but not recurved ; pods drooping, about 90 mm. in length. Remarks. Apocynum medium has essentially the habit of A. androsxmi- folium though its peculiarities are slightly less pronounced. Together with A. urceolifer it is readily distinguished from A. androsseinifoUu.ni by its differently shaped leaves, much smaller suberect flowers in strictly terminal racemes, and by the distinctly pentagonal corolla tube. The form of the corolla tube varies in perfectly developed flowers from faintly suburceolate to essentially short tubular, though the first is the more usual. The calyx segments are very short, conspicuously less than half as long as corolla tube. In drying, the corolla shrinks more than the calyx, so that in herbarium specimens the latter appears relatively longer than it actually is. I have examined one hundred or more living plants of this species growing in vacant lots on 12th St., Brookland, D. C., where Dr. Greene informs me his original specimens were collected. Apocynum urceolifer sp. nov. (PL II, Fig. 4.) T;/pe No. 340,396, United States National Herbarium, collected on open, dry hillside at Capitol View Park, Montgomery County, Maryland, July 2, 1899, by Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. Geographic distribution. This species has been collected at the type locality and at Brightwood, D. C. Zonal, position. Apocynum urceolifer is probably a member of the Upper Austral flora. Habitat. Fields and roadsides. Characters. Plant slender, usually less than 1 m. high, from a perennial horizontal rootstock ; branches dichotomously widely spreading, glabrous, strongly tinged with reddish purple ; leaves spreading, oblong, mucronate tipped, the lowermost (about 90 x40) rounded or subcordate at base, the uppermost tapering at each end, but more abruptly at base ; upperside of leaves, clear green, glabrous ; underside yellowish green, finely pubes cent; petioles 2-4 mm. in length, finely pubescent on lower side ; inflores cences small, rather compact, but not flat-topped, strictly terminal cymes of numerous suberect flowers, the cymes at first exceeded by the leaves, 86 Miller The Dogbanes of tin District of finally slightly longer; pedicels 3-5 mm. in length, subulate-bracted at base ; calyx glabrous or pubescent, its segments very narrow, generally as long as corolla tube; corolla white or just perceptibly tinged with pink ; about 4-5 mm. in length, urceolate, its tube conspicuously pentagonal, the throat not narrowed, corolla segments pointed, slightly more than half as long as tube, spreading but not recurved; pods drooping, about 90 mm. in length. Remarks. Although at first sight Apocynum urceolifer rather closely resembles A. medium, the two plants are readily distinguishable. In habit they are essentially the same, but A. urceolifer is smaller and its stems are usually less strongly tinged with reddish purple, though in all probability neither character is constant. Its flowers are smaller than those of A. medium, and generally pure white, though sometimes faintly tinged with pink. The corolla is more conspicuously pentagonal, and very noticeably contracted at base of segments. The corolla segments are relatively longer and narrower than in A. medium, and distinctly pointed instead of rounded or obscurely pointed at tips. The calyx lobes are generally as long as the corolla tube, and frequently longer, sometimes a little spreading at tips, while in A. medium they are less than half as long as corolla tube and always closely appressed. I have seen this plant growing at the type locality only. It is there common on the southeast slope of the hill directly north of the quarry. Mr. W. R. Maxon has collected it at the side of the Military Road, be tween Brightwood, D. C., and Rock Creek. Apocynum cannabinum Linnaeus. (PI. II, Figs. 6-7.) 1753. [Apocynum] cannabinum Linnaeus, Sp. Plant., p. 213. 1811. A\_pocynum\ pubescens R. Brown, Mem. Wern. Nat. Hist. Soc., I, p. 68 (Virginia). 1844. [Apocynum cannabinum'] a glaberrimum De Candolle, Prodr. Syst. Nat. Reg. Veg., pt. VIII, p. 434 (eastern North America). 1881. Apocynum cannabinum Ward, Guide to Flora of Washington and Vicinity (Bull. 22, U. S. Nat. Mus.), p. 97. 1898. Apocynum cannabinum Britton and Brown, 111. Flora N. United States, Canada, and Brit. Poss., Ill, p. 3. Type locality. Probably eastern Canada. Geographic distribution. Eastern United States and southeastern Can ada. Western limits of range not known. Zonal position. Transition and Austral zones. Habitat. Fields, thickets, and open woods. Characters. Plant robust, 1 to 1.75 m. high, from a perennial, horizon tal, widely spreading rootstock ; branches ascending, glabrous to densely velvety pubescent, green to reddish purple; leaves ascending, mucronate tipped, usually oblong and slightly more rounded at base than at tip, but often, especially the uppermost, tapering equally at each end, and lowermost frequently slightly cordate ; dimensions when full grown about 120 x 55 ; upperside of leaves green, varying much in shade, generally glabrous but occasionally velvety pubescent ; underside paler and usually The Dogbanes of the District of Columbia. 87 tinged with yellow, often densely pubescent, and seldom if ever without trace of pubescence, at least on the veins; petioles 3-7 mm. in length, slender above, shorter and robust below, pubescent or glabrous on under side; inflorescence in strictly terminal cymes, the larger of which are dis tinctly flat topped, the central cyme always developing first, and gener ally the largest; cymes composed of very many erect flowers and gener ally exceeded by the leaves ; pedicels 1-4 mm. in length, subulate-bracted at base, glabrous or pubescent ; caly.i- glabrous or pubescent, its segments very variable in form, but usually about equal to corolla tube in length, or slightly shorter, the tips appressed or widely spreading; corolla vary ing in color from white to dull green, and in length from 3 mm. to 4.5 mm., generally glabrous, but often pubescent, pentagonal, tubular or slightly campanulate ; corolla segments equal to or shorter than tube, rounded or bluntly pointed at tips, erect or very slightly spreading, the margins usually slightly revolute; pods drooping, 130-200 mm. in length. Remarks. Apocynum cannabinum is a highly polymorphic species, much in need of critical study. It is readily distinguished, among the species known to occur in the eastern United States, by its robust, upright habit, large, short-petioled leaves, and small, green, greenish, whitish, or white flowers, with erect corolla lobes. Within these limits, however, variation is so great as to suggest the existence of numerous partly or perhaps com pletely segregated forms. Of those that occur in the District of Colum bia, the most strongly marked is the A . pubescens of R. Brown. The whole plant (or the upper part at least) is densely velvety pubescent, and the upper leaves are unusually short, broad, and closely set. Flowers green ish or white. This is probably not the A . pubescens of Britton and Brown. Glabrate and narrow-leaved forms occur, and others of unusually slender habit ; but I have seen none that bridge the gap between A. cannabinum and either of the following species. Apocynum nemorale sp. nov. Type No. 340,397, United States National Herbarium, collected at road side in woods near end of Chain Bridge, Fairfax County, Virginia, July 14, 1899, by Win. Palmer. Geographic distribution. This species is now known only from the type locality and the Virginia shore of the Potomac River at Great Falls. Zonal position. Probably confined to the Upper Austral and Transition zones. Habitat. Open woods. Characters. Like Apocynum cannabinum Linnaeus, but with relatively few, spreading or drooping, leaves on slender petioles (usually 10-15 mm. in length) two or three times as long as flowers ; corolla glabrous, greenish. Remarks. I should hesitate to separate this plant from Apocynum can nabinum were not its characters, trivial though they appear on paper, striking and constant in specimens, especially those living or freshly col lected. Furthermore, while A. cannabinum occasionally occurs in open woods, together with A. nemorale, it never, so far as known, shows any tendency to assume the characters of the latter. 21 Bun,. Sue. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 JSS Miller The DM/IHIH<-* of tin- District nf < blumbia: Apocynum album Greene. (PI. II, Fig. 5.) 1881. Apocynum cannabinum var. glabcrrimum Ward, Guide to Flora of Washington and Vicinity (Bull. 22, U. S. Nat. Mna.), p. 97 (not of De Candolle, 1844). 1897. Apocynum album. Greene, Pittonia, 111, p. 230. December, 1897. 1898. Apocynum cannabinum fflaberrimwm Britton and Brown, 111. Flora, N.' United States, Canada and Brit. POSH., Ill, p. 3 (not of De Candolle, 1844). Type locality. Shore of Potomac River, near Chain Bridge, Montgomery County, Maryland. Geographic distribution. The range of Apocynum album is not well un derstood. Britton and Brown say, " range apparently nearly of the type, but more abundant northward." I have examined specimens from va rious points in Maryland along the shores of the Potomac River from Old Town to Marshall Hall, also from mouth of Tucquan Creek, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania ; Stratford, Connecticut ; and Ithaca, New 7 York. Zonal position. Probably confined to the Upper Austral and Transition zones. Habitat. Beaches and river shores. Characters. Like Apocynum cannabinum Linnaeus, but of more slender, branching habit, and with smaller, much narrower leaves and essentially white flowers. The largest leaves are about 110 mm. in length by 20-.'U) mm. in brea'dth, those of the upper part of the plant much smaller (about 60 x 15). They are oblong-lanceolate in form, those of the upper part of the plant acute at each end, those of lower part of plant rounded at base. All are mucronate tipped and wholly glabrous throughout. Petioles 2-3 mm. in length. Stems green, very slightly purple tinged, slender and much branched, the branching more profuse than in A. cannabinum, but of the same character. Inflorescence in terminal irregular cymes never as large as those commonly met with in A. cannabinum. Calyx lobes about as long as corolla tube or slightly shorter. Corolla about 4 mm. in length, white, often faintly tinged with green, pentagonal, short tubular or faintly campanulate, the upright lobes slightly more than half as long as tube, rounded at tips. Pods about 125 mm. in length. Rootstock horizontal, perennial, widely branching. Remarks. Apocynum album is so different from A. cannabinum as to re quire no very close comparison. The peculiar character of its habit, leaves, and inflorescence sharply differentiate it. The white or nearly white flowers, however, are not, taken alone, diagnostic, as forms of A, cannabinum frequently occur in which the corolla is equally white. This plant appears to be strictly confined to beaches and river ' bot toms.' Near Washington it occupies, to the exclusion of other members of the genus, the flats and islands of the Potomac, seldom if ever growing on land that is not flooded at high water. Mr. K. A. Preble has sent me specimens from a small island in the Potomac at Oldtown, Maryland, and Mr. Win. Palmer has collected it at Marshall Flail. 90 Miller The Dogbanes of the District of EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. (All figures three times natural size ) Fig. 1. Apocynum androsxmifolium Linmeus, from Maryland. Fig. 2. Apocynum speciosum Miller, topotype. Fig. 3. Apocynum medium Greene, topotype. Fig. 4. Apocynum urceolifer Miller, topotype. Fig. 5. Apocynum album Greene, topotype. Fig. 6. Apocynum cannabinum Linnaeus, large-flowered form, from Ken sington, Maryland. Fig. 7. Apocynum cannabinum Linnaeus, small flowered form, from Capitol View Park, Maryland. PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH., XIII, 1899 PL. II 7 DOGBANES OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA VOL. XIII, PP. 91-108 NOVEMBER 11, 1899 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON ON SOME NEW OR RARE BIRDS FROM THE SIERRA NEVADA DE SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA. BY OUTRAM BANGS. From the latter part of January until early April, 1899, Mr. Wilmot W. Brown, Jr., collected, nearly continuously, in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, visiting many different stations at altitudes ranging from 3,000 to 15,000 feet. During this period he obtained more than 1,300 birds. The collection contains many species which he had not previously taken, some of which are new, besides series of many of the rarer species pre viously known only from a few specimens. At a future date I intend, with Mr. Brown's help, to give a complete list, with field-notes, of all the birds he has collected in these mountains. In the present paper, the fourth on the birds of this region.* I merely describe the new forms, record additional specimens of a few of the rarer species, and give those not previous!} 5 - taken by Mr. Brown. Three gentlemen who have been extremely kind to Mr. Brown while in Colombia, and to whom I wish to express my thanks for the aid they have rendered him, are Theodoro V. Henriquez, U. S. consul at Rio Hacha; Pedro Christoffel, Indian inspector of the Sierra Nevada, and M. Carr, H. M. consul at Santa Marta. Again, I am under great obligations to Mr. Robert Ridgway and Dr. Chas. W. Richmond for allowing the use of the collection of birds in the National Museum, and in giving me valuable assist ance in determining many species. I am also greatly indebted to my friend, Mr. Chas. F. Batch elder, for his kindness in allow ing me to examine the Lafresnaye types in the collection of the Boston Society of Natural History, of which he is curator. *See Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XII, pp. 131-144, 157-160, 171-182, 1898. 22 BIOI.. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 (91) 92 Bangs On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. (NOTE. All measurements are in millimeters. Colors, when definite names are used, follow Ridgway's ' Nomenclature of Colors.') Actitis macularia (Linn.). One adult female, La Conception, Mar. 23, 1899. Aramides axillaris Lawr. One adult male, Chiiiia, Mar. 13, 1899. Qypagus papa (Linn.). Three adults a male from El Paramo de Macotama, 11,000 feet; one from Chirua ; and a female from La Concepcion. Falco rufigularis Daud. One adult male, from La Concepcion, Mar. 31, 1899. Amazona mercenaria (Tsch.). Two males, from Paramo de Chiruqua, 11,000 feet. Aulacorhamphus lautus Bangs. Four adults, both sexes, from Chirua and La Concepcion. All agree closely with the type from San Miguel. Pharomachrus festatus * sp. nov. Three specimens from Chirua, one adult male, two adult females. Type, from Chirua, Colombia ; altitude, 7,000 feet. No. 6235, J* adult, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected Mar. 20, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. Intermediate in size, between P. antisianus and P. auriceps ; bill intermediate in size, between the bills of these two species ; adult <5\ with the three outermost rectrices white at ends (both outer and inner webs white, quills black), rest of tail black ; adult 9, with the three outermost rectrices white at ends, crossed lower down by black bars. Color. Adult $ : Head, back, rump, breast, upper tail-coverts, and wing-coverts metallic green, in some lights bronzy, this tone more notice able on head, throat, and upper tail-coverts; abdomen and under tail- coverts scarlet vermilion ; primaries, secondaries, tertials and greater coverts black ; flanks and sides black, the black feathers mostly concealed ; tail black, the three outermost rectrices with grayish white ends, the quills black to their ends; white end on outer rectrix 50mm. long, on next rectrix 59 mm. long, and on third 32 mm. long ; ' bill yellow ; iris hazel ; ' f feet brownish black. * Festatus, dressed in festal attire. t Noted by Mr. Brown from fresh specimen. On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. 93 Adult 9 > less brilliant than the $ ; throat and breast much mixed with drab brown; outer edges of primaries yellowish brown; tail black, the three outermost rectrices with deep white tips, the lower part of white tip crossed by two or three black bars ; outermost rectrix with three white spots on outer web below lower cross-bar ; second rectrix with one white spot on outer web below lower cross-bar ; ' iris brown ; ' * bill yel. lowish brown. Measurements. Type, adult tf : Wing, 190; tail, 157; tarsus, 20; ex posed culmen, 19. Topotypes, adult 9, No. 6236: Wing, 188; tail, 158.4; tarsus, 20; ex posed culmen, 18.4. Adult 9, No. 6237: Wing, 189; tail, 158; tarsus, 19.6; exposed cul men, 18.4. In the adult tf the longest upper tail-covert projects 48 mm. beyond the tail. Remarks. Had Mr. Brown taken but one specimen of this fine trogon I should have been inclined to regard it as a hybrid between P. antislanm and P. auriceps. Three examples, however, each one showing the charac ters equally well, disprove any such idea. The type is & fully adult male, there is no trace of brownish on the outer edges of the primaries, the bill is wholly yellow, and the breast wholly metallic. The difference in size and the peculiar tail, unlike that of either of the related species, distinguish this new trogon, which is probably confined to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Trogon personatus Gould. Eight specimens, both sexes, from Chirua, La Concepcion, and Maco- tama. Chloronerpes yucatanensis uropygialis (Cab.). Four specimens, both sexes, from La Concepcion and San Miguel. All agree exactly with Cabanis' description and with specimens in the U. S. National Museum from Costa Rica. This form, which ranges from Costa Hica southward, is distinguished from the more northern C. yucatanensis by the golden-brown back, the back of true C. yucatanensis being green. Pygmornis stiiigularis Gould. Two males from La Concepcion, altitude 3,000 feet. Leucuria phalerata Bangs. One adult male from Paramo de Macotama, 11,000 feet, Mar. 11, 1899. This specimen, in fine plumage, is just like the type, except that the bill is a little longer. * Noted by Mr. Brown from fresh specimen. 94 Bangs On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. Lafresnaya gayi Bourc. and Muls. Four specimens, three males and one female, from Macotama, San Miguel, and Paramo de Chiruqua. Rhamphomicron dorsale Salv. and Godm. Four specimens. An adult female and two adult males were taken at Pa ramo de Chiruqua, at the edge of the snow, on Mar. 25 and Feb. 25, 1399, at an altitude of 15,000 feet. A young male taken at La Concepcion, Feb. 16, 1899, at 3,000 feet, is much like the adult female, having a green back and spotted underparts ; its tail, however, is like that of the adult male, except that the ends of the feathers are decidedly tipped with white. Anthocephala floriceps (Gould). Nine specimens, from Pueblo Viejo (8,000 feet), Santa Cruz, La Con cepcion, San Francisco, and Chirua. Four are adult males, two adult females, and three young males. The female has already been described by Messrs. Salvin and Godman. It differs from the male in lacking the crown patch, the top of the head being dull coppery green, much like the color of the rump. The tail is colored alike in both sexes ; that of the female, however, has the central rectrices narrower. The whole tail is a little shorter and smaller than in the adult male. The young male is similar to the adult female. Mr. Brown- was especially on the lookout for the local species of hum mers, none of which, except Metallura districta (described below) and Panychlora russata, seem to be easy to get. Before he started on his sec ond trip he carefully studied the plates and descriptions of Oxypogon cy- analxmus and Campylopterus phainopeplus, so as to know the birds at once, but during nearly three months of active collecting he never saw a living example of either species. Metallura districta* sp. nov. Sixteen specimens from Pueblo Viejo (8,000 feet), La Concepcion, San Miguel, Paramo de Macotama, Macotama and Paramo de Chiruqua. Type, from San Miguel, Colombia; altitude, 7,500 feet. No. 6223, 9 adult, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected Feb. 6, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. Adult $ with much the general appearance of M. smaragdinicollis, except that the rectrices are wider ; the color of the tail is more auricular purple, less truly violet; under tail-coverts buffy ; adult 9 differing from 9 of M. smaragdinicollis in being paler on throat and breast, and of a more uniform color, and in being very much less spotted with green below. Color. Adult tf: Upper surface dark, shining grass green ; wings dark purplish brown ; bend of wing rufous ; under surface shining grass green, *Districtus, busy, occupied. On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. 95 somewhat varied by dusky, whitish, and buff edges and bases of some of the feathers, the buff showing most on breast and the dusky and whitish on center of abdomen ; luminous throat patch glittering grass green ; partially concealed woolly feathers on center of belly and flanks white ; under tail-coverts ochraceous-buff with faint green central spots; tail, below, shining auricular purple; above, in some lights, auricular purple, in others, dark shining grass green. Adult ?, above shining grass green ; below, throat ochraceous- rufous, gradually becoming ochraceous- buff on chest and center of 'abdomen ; sides spotted with shining grass green; under tail-coverts ochraceous-buff with dusky central spots; tail smaller than in the hut with rather more green on sides; older $ similar to adult cJ 1 , but lacking the luminous throat patch. Measurements. Adult <3\ No. 6232, from Paramo de Macotama : Wing, 60; tail, 44; culmen,12.6; width of central rectrix, 10.8. Adult $ (type) : Wing, 53; tail, 34.4; culmen, 12.4; width of central rectrix, 8.2. Remarks. Strangely enough M. districta bears a much stronger super ficial resemblance to the far-away M. smaragdinicollis, as pointed out by Messrs. Salvin and Godman and by myself, than it does to its nearest neighbor, M. tyrianthina, of Venezuela and Colombia. The splendid series secured last winter by Mr. Brown proves, as might be expected, that the slight differences between the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta bird and M. smaragdinicollis are perfectly constant. Ochthodieeta pernix * sp. nov. Type, and only specimen, from Macotama, Colombia; altitude, 9,000 feet. No. 6004, J! adult, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected Feb. 4, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. Not like any other species in the genus. Color. Upper parts bister, slightly darker on head and upper tail- coverts ; wings dusky, wing-coverts and secondaries edged with ferrugi nous, f inner webs of secondaries ferruginous, except the dusky tip, lower half of inner webs of primaries ferruginous ; tail dusky, outer web of outer rectrix ferruginous; throat white, streaked with olive; breast olive each feather darkest at center, lighter at edges and often bordered with ferruginous, giving a streaked appearance; belly and crissum ferru ginous; sides ferruginous, slightly shaded with olive; a blackish spot directly in front of eye, rest of lores whitish ; lining of wing ferruginous ; feet and bill black. Measurements. Type, adult tf : Wing, 103; tail, 83; tarsus, 25.6; ex posed culmen, 21.2. Remarks. 0. pernix is wholly different from either 0. fumigatus of Co lombia or 0. lugubris of Merida. Perhaps its nearest relative is 0. fusco. * Pernix, quick, active, nimble. fThe color called 'ferruginous' is not quite the ferruginous of Ridg- way, but is rather duller. On the wings it inclines toward hazel and on the under parts it is a little blended with olive. 96 Bangs On ^n/r Birds from Santa Maria, Colombia. rufus of Bolivia and southern Peru. It differs much, however, from that bird in its streaked throat and breast, as well as in other details of color ing. Although smaller, in a general way O.pemix suggests Myiotheretes striaticollii*, which occurs in the same region with it. The two are, of course, very different in detail, but their superficial resemblance is quite striking. Ochthoeca poliogastra Salv. and Godm. Fourteen specimens, taken at all stations between 9,000 and 12, 000 feet. On Mr. Brown's first trip he took only a single specimen of this local species. Platyrhynchus albogulaiis Scl. One female from La Conception, 3,000 feet, Jan. 29, 1899. Euscarthmus granadensis Hartl. One male from La Conception, Jan. 29, 1899. Hapalocercus paulus* sp. nov. Ten specimens from Chirua, La Conception and San Miguel. Type from Chirua, Colombia; altitude, 7,000 feet. No. 6115, $ adult, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected Mar. 17, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific cJiaracters. Nearest H.fulviceps (Scl.) of Ecuador and Peru, but rufous crown patch narrower and shorter, not reaching eye nor bill ; sides of head not distinctly rufus; also differing in details of coloration. Color. Above dull olive ; wings dark hair-brown, with paler and more drab edges ; greater and middle coverts tipped with Isabella color (in some specimens cinnamon) forming two wing bars; inner webs of tertials and secondaries broadly edged with buff; tail hair brown witli slight Isabella color -edges and tip ; head subcrested, vertical feathers orange-rufous basally ; sides of crown and forehead like back ; lores, auriculars, and orbital ring dull cinnamon, very different in color from crest; throat, breast, and center of belly whitish, with an ill-defined and indistinct darker pectoral band ; sides, flanks, and under tail-coverts straw-yellow, darkest and slightly tinged with olive on lower sides; lining of wing straw-yellow. Sexes similar. Measurements. Type, adult $ : Wing, 45.6; tail, 37; tarsus, 19.6; ex posed culmen, 10. Adult cT, No. 6117, from La Conception : Wing, 46; tail, 39; tarsus, 19.2; exposed culmen, 10. Remarks. H. paulus needs no comparison with the other Colombian species, H. acutipennis, which has acuminated primaries. Its relationship lies with //. fuluiceps of western Ecuador and Peru. * Paulus, small, little. On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. 97 Serpophaga cinerea giisea (Lawr.). Five specimens, from Chirua, San Miguel, and La Concepcion. These are just like skins in the U. S. National Museum from Costa Rica true grisea of Lawrence which seems to me to represent a perfectly good sub species, differing considerably in color from true S. cinerea of Ecuador and Peru. Sclater, however, in the ' Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum ' unites the two without a word. Myiopatis montensis* sp. nov. Eighteen specimens from Paramo de Macotama, 1 1 ,000 feet ; Macotama, 9,OOD feet, and Paramo de Chiruqua, 12,000 feet. Type from Paramo de Macotama, Colombia; altitude, 11,000 feet. No. 6112, r? adult, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected Mar. 3, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. Much larger than M. semifusca Scl., with much longer tail ; bill longer and more slender, base of lower mandible black (yellowish in semifusca) ; tertials not so large nor so broadly rounded at ends ; breast darker olive ; pileum much darker than back. Sexes similar. Color. Pileum dark grayish olive ; back and rump olive ; lores, supra-* orbital and supra- auricular streak, orbital ring, and most of auriculars grayish ; a dusky post-ocular streak ; wings dusky ; wing-coverts broadly tipped with dull tawny ochraceous, forming two broad wing bars; outer edges of secondaries tawny-ochraceous toward ends, wholly blackish at base, thus forming a blackish patch on closed wing just behind the second wing bar; edges and tips of tertials dull yellowish white (in some speci mens, all in worn plumage with abraded feathers, the wing bars and edges of secondaries are all dull yellowish white) ; tail dusky, narrowly edged with olive and sometimes (in fresh plumage) tipped with isabella color; throat grayish white; breast grayish olive; belly and under tail-coverts primrose yellow; flanks olive; lining of wing and bend of wing pale yellowish; bill wholly blackish. Measurements. Type, adult $ : Wing, 66.6; tail, 69; tarsus, 20.2; ex posed culmen, 9.6. Adult , No. 6104, from Macotama: Wing, 70; tail, 69; tarsus, 20.2; exposed culmen, 10. (These two examples exhibit the extremes in wing measurement in the series of eighteen specimens.) Remarks.' When collecting in the lowlands and among the smaller mountains near Santa Marta, Mr. Brown took six examples of true M> semifusca. These are topotypes of the species. In the high mountains, from altitudes of 9,000 to 12,000 feet, he secured a series of eighteen spec imens of a wholly different bird, which I have here called M. montensis. The differences between the two are so great as to seem almost more than specific; the very long tail, long slender, wholly black bill, and the dif ferently shaped tertials of the mountain bird are very marked characters. In ascending the mountains there seems to be a belt of from 6,000 to 9,000 feet where neither M. semifusca nor M. montensis is found. This * Montensis, belonging to mountains. 98 Bangs On Some Birds from Santa Maria, Colombia. belt has been pretty thoroughly worked by Mr. Brown at many different points, and I feel sure he would have taken Myiopatls if it occurred there. Tyranniscus nigricapillus (Lafr.). Two females, one from La Concepcion Mar. 11, 1899, the other from Chinia Feb. 13, 1899. Nuttallornis borealis (Swains.). One female from La Concepcion Mar. 8, 1899. Pipreola aureipectus decora* subsp. nov. Two specimens, male and female, from Chirua. Type, from Chirua, Colombia; altitude, 7,000 feet. No. 6173, J* adult, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected Feb. 12. 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Subspecific characters. Much smaller than true P. aureipectus, with much shorter tail. Similar in color and markings to true P. aureipectus, except that the cT. has a broad band of yellow on each side, extending from the yellow throat across side of neck behind auriculars; in the 9 this band shows as a row of yellow spots. Measurements. Type, adult ^: Wing, 88; tail, 64; tarsus, 23 ; exposed cnlmen, 12. Adult 9, topotype No. 6L47: Wing, 84; tail 64; tarsus, 21.4; exposed culmen, 11.8. Remarks. I have examined Lafresnaye's types, consisting of three specimens, two males and one female, in splendid condition. They are, all three, much larger than the Chirua bird, their wing measurements being as follows: No. 2166,* J adult, 92; No. 2167,* cT adult, 94; No. 2168, f 9 adult, 92. The tail and tarsus also give larger measurements. In the two Lafresnaye males there are a few concealed yellow spots on the sides of the neck, where in the new form there is a broad yellow band. In the female there is no trace of yellow spots on the sides of the neck. Otherwise the colors and markings are about the same in P. aurei pectus decora and in true P. aureipectus. Heliochera rubrocristata (D'Orb. and Lafr.). Ten specimens, all from Paramo de Chiruqua and Paramo de Maco- tama, at altitudes ranging from 11,000 to 15,000 feet. Cinclodes fuse us albidiventris (Scl.). Two males from Paramo de Chiruqua, 15,000 feet. These two speci mens, without doubt, belong to the form called albidiventris by Sclater, which is a valid subspecies, quite different in color from the more south- *Decorus, adorned, ornamented. f Specimens in Lafresnaye collection in Boston Society of Natural History. On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. 99 em form true fuscus. In the northern form the scaly markings come farther down on the breast and sides, and the belly is whitish, not buffy, as in true fuscus. Sclerurus albigularis propinquus subsp. nov. Type (and only specimen secured on this trip *), from Ghirna, Colombia ; altitude, 7,000 ; No. 6152, $ adult, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected Feb. 7, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Subspecific characters. Somewhat intermediate between S. canigularis Ridgw., of Costa Rica, and true S. albigularis of Venezuela, most like the former but with pectoral band paler; throat lighter gray; upper parts duller brown, not chestnut. The new form is also the smallest of the three. Color. Back burnt umber with a slight olive cast, head rather more dusky; rump and upper tail-coverts bright chestnut; wings dark brown, primaries, tertials, and secondaries edged with burnt umber; primary coverts dusky-brown ; greater and lesser coverts and scapulars chestnut ; throat smoke-gray ; pectoral band dull ferruginous ; belly and flanks hair- brown, some of the feathers edged and tipped with dull yellowish-fer ruginous ; under tail-coverts chestnut ; tail blackish edged with chestnut ; 'iris hazel ; tarsus dusky ; 'f culmen dusky; mandible yellowish toward base, dusky at tip. Measurements. Type, adult $ : Wing, 82.6; tail, 56.4; tarsus, 23; ex posed culmen, 21.8. No. 5684, $ adult, from Palomina: Wing, 83; tail, 56; tarsus, 23.2; exposed culmen, 21. Remarks. The second specimen (the type) of this form secured by Mr. Brown is just like the first, which could not be referred to either S. canigu laris or S. albigularis. $ I therefore no longer hesitate to give it a name. Siptornis antisiensis Scl. Five specimens, from Santa Cruz, Paramo de Macotama, and Paramo de Chirnqua. Siptornis wyatti Scl. and Salv. Two specimens, male and female, from Paramo de Chiruqua, 15,000 feet, Mar. 25, 1899. Automolus rufipectus Bangs. Seven specimens, taken at different altitudes from 3,000 to 7,500 feet. All are similar to the type, which before was unique. Anabazenops striaticollis Scl. Eight specimens, from Chirua, San Miguel, and La Concepcion. * Mr. Brown took a female at Palomina, May 18, 1898. f Noted by Mr. Brown from fresh specimen. JProc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. XII, p 177, 1898. 23 BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 100 Bangs On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. Premnoplex brunnescens (Scl.). Two females, one from San Miguel, the other from Ghirua. Dendrocincla olivacea anguina Bangs. Three specimens, one each from Palomina, Chirua, and La Concepcion. All are similar to the type, the only specimen Mr. Brown had previously taken. Picolaptes laciymiger (Des Murs.). One female from La Concepcion. Drymophila caudata (Scl.). Twenty-five specimens, young and adult of both sexes, from Chirua, La Concepcion, San Francisco, Santa Crn/, San Antonio, and San Miguel. I am now inclined to consider the Santa Marta bird true D. caudata (Scl.), although when I recorded the first two, taken by Mr. Brown at Palo mina,* I thought that they were not that species. The tails are about the same throughout the series and do not differ, to any extent, with age or sex. The rectrices are dark brown (between raw umber and bister), with subapical black bands and white tips. The only specimen from ' Bogota ' in the National Museum has a precisely similar tail. Sclater's descrip tion reads : ' Tail of ten feathers, very long, much graduated, black, with white ends.' This was probably a mistake. Conopophaga brownif sp. nov. Five specimens, both sexes, from Chirua. Type, from Chirua, Colombia; altitude, 7,000 feet. No. 6177, cT adult, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected Feb. 1 2, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. A very distinct species, apparently representing a new group, having sides of head and cap like the back and without white post-ocular stripe or patch. Color. Forehead tawny-olive, passing insensibly into color of upper parts; lores yellowish white ; upper parts, yellowish olive; wings dusky brown, outer edges of primaries, secondaries, and tertials dull olivaceous cinnamon ; tertials and secondaries bordered on inner web and tipped with clear cinnamon ; tail sepia; a narrow orbital ring yellowish white ; auriculars reddish olive; throat, breast, sides, and lining of wing oclmi- ceous (in some specimens there is some white on the throat, in others the throat is uniform with the breast) ; middle of belly and under tail- coverts white, varying in extent in different specimens; culmen dusky; mandible yellowish toward base, dusky at tip. Measurements. Type, adult $ : Wing, 61; tail, 29; tarsus, 23.2; ex- *Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. XII, p. 176, 1898. t Named for Wilmot W. Brown, Jr., whose researches have brought to light so many new birds in the Santa Marta region. On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. 101 posed culmen, 13. Adult $, No. 6179, topotype : Wing, 62; tail, 29.4; tarsus, 23.6; exposed culmen, 12.4. Remarks. C. brovmi does not need comparison with any known form. The one female recorded from Pueblo Viejo, 8,000 feet,* is like the present series from Chirua. Scytalopus sylvestris Tacz. - One male, not fully adult, from San Francisco Jan. 24, 1899. It is not unlikely that fully adult specimens will show the Santa Marta bird to be an undescribed species. The wing measures 46 mm., which is shorter than usual in S. sylvestris. I have compared it with S. argentifrons Ridgw. , and it is certainly not that species. For the present it may be well to call it sylvestris. Scytalopus latebricolaf sp. nov. Seven specimens, six females and one male, from Paramo de Chiruqua and Paramo de Macotama, 11,000 to 12,000 feet. Type, from Paramo de Chiruqua, Colombia ; altitude, 12,000 feet. No. 6208, ? adult, coll. of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected March 10, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. Scytalopus latebricola has the large feet, tarsus, and bill of the S. analis group, but in size is smaller and has a much shorter tail than S. analis. Colors different, much more reddish brown on rump, flanks, and upper tail-coverts. Sexes apparently alike. Color. Adult, head and back dark brownish slate ; lower rump and upper tail-coverts chestnut, with indistinct blackish cross-bars ; wings and tail dull brownish black ; throat and breast brownish slate gray (al most mouse gray of Ridgway), paler and more silvery on middle of lower breast and upper part of belly ; flanks, lower sides, and under tail-coverts chestnut, with slight irregular spots and cross-bars of dusky ; bill horn color ; feet and tarsus brown. Younger birds (Nos. 6212 and 6210) differ in having more chestnut on the back and breast, in being more decidedly barred on flanks, etc., and in having tertials and wing -coverts barred with chestnut and tipped with yellowish brown, and primaries edged with chestnut. Measurements. No. Sex. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. Exposed culmen. 6208, type. 9 ad 60 42 2 23 8 13 4 6211 6213 9 ad. rf ad 61. 62 42.6 24.2 94 4 13.4 13 6 * Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. XII, p. 159, 1898. t Latebricola, one who dwells in coverts or lurking-places, 102 Bangs On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. Remarks. I have carefully examined Lafresnaye's type of Mendaxis analis, which is in fairly good condition. It is a very different bird from that taken by Mr. Brown in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; is much larger and has a very much longer tail. The colors are also different, but as the specimen appears to be now somewhat faded by exposure to light, it might only make confusion to mention these differences. It measures wing, 66; tail, 63.2; tarsus, 28. In the National Museum I examined specimens from Bogota of still another form, which is probably S. micropterus (Scl.). This differs from S. latebricola in being much darker throughout, the back blacker, the underparts not nearly so gray, and the reddish brown of the flanks and rump darker. Sycalis browni Bangs. Two specimens, one adult (female?), the other a young male, from Palomina and La Concepcion. When identifying the specimens of this bird which Mr. Brown took near Santa Marta, Mr. Ridgway and I were misled by Dr. Sharpe's rather strange treatment of Sycalis citrina, which is placed in the far-removed genus Pseudochloris. Consequently we overlooked that species. There is little doubt that the birds recorded in the ' British Museum Catalogue ' from Colombia are the same as my S. browni. It is probable, however, that S. browni will prove subspecifically different from S.citrina Pelzeln, the latter being based on birds from southern Brazil. It would in fact be very strange if birds of this sort from localities so far apart as southern Brazil and northern Colombia should not prove different. In the lack of Brazilian specimens for actual comparison, I am forced to leave the question in this unsatisfactory condition. Oryzoborus funeieus Scl. Five specimens from Chirua and La Concepcion. Catamenia sp. ? One female from Paramo de Chiruqua, 15,000 feet, Feb. 27, 1899. With but one female I am unable to identify the species positively. It may prove to be undescribed or may possibly be C. analoides. Haplospiza nivaria* sp. nov. Thirteen specimens from Paramo de Chiruqua, 15,000 feet, Feb. and Mar. 1899. Type, from Paramo de Chiruqua, Colombia ; altitude, 15,000 feet. No. 6238, $ adult, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected Mar. 25, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. Much larger than H. unicolor ; $ purer gray, less olivaceous; back more streaked; bill relatively smaller. The feathers * Nivarius, of or belonging to snow. On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. 103 everywhere very long and lax, and the whole plumage indicating a bird fitted to withstand extreme cold. Color. Adult (J 1 : Upper parts dark gray, between mouse gray and slate color ; interscapulum with indistinct longitudinal dusky streaks ; some of the feathers slightly edged with pale smoke gray ; wings black, all the feathers edged with gray like the back ; tail black, with narrow gray edges ; under parts gray (No. 6 of Ridgway) ; center of belly and under tail coverts somewhat varied by indistinct cross-bars of pale smoke gray ; bill, feet, and tarsus black; ' iris hazel.'* Adult : Heavily streaked throughout;, upper parts sepia, rather paler on cervix and shading into brownish slate on rump and upper tail- coverts, with broad blackish striations ; wings dusky brown edged with sepia, except greater and middle coverts, which are edged with Isabella color; tail dusky brown edged with grayish; throat, breast, flanks, and sides wood brown ; belly and under tail-coverts grayish white ; under parts streaked throughout with blackish,, most heavily on breast and sides, less so on throat and center of belly; bill blackish, base of lower mandible paler, more yellowish. Measurements. No. Sex. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. Exposed culmen. 6238 type $ &d 82 59 23 10 6240 (T a d 83 60 23 10 2 0246 $ ad 81 59 23 4 10 6244 9 ad 82 57 23 4 10 2 Remarks. I am, of course, not familiar with H. uniformis Scl. and Salv. of Jalapa, Mexico, the type being unique, but the description indicates a very different bird from mine, and the measurements show it to be smaller. Mr. Brown found the new species at the edge of snow, at 15,000 feet, on El Paramo de Chiruqua, where he took thirteen specimens in Feb. and March, 1899. At no other station in the mountains did he get spec imens. Some of the birds taken in February were moulting. Myospiza manimbe (Licht.). One female from Paramo de Macotama, 9,000 feet, Mar. 3, 1899. Arremonops caneus f Bangs. At Mr. Ridgway's request I sent him, a short time ago, the three speci mens upon which I based this form. He detected an error in my former * Noted by Mr. Brown from fresh specimens. f Described as Arremonops conirostris caneus Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc., Washington, vol. XII, p. 140, June 3, 1898. 104 Bangs On Some Birch from S No. 6050, from Paramo de Chiruqua : Wing, 82; tail, 44; tarsus, 29.4; exposed culmen, 12. Troglodytes moiiticola f sp. nov. Five specimens, adult male and female, and three young, from Paramo de Chiruqua and Paramo de Macotama, from 11,000 to 15,000 feet. Type from Paramo de Chiruqua, Colombia; altitude, 15,000 feet. No. 6066, ? adult, coll. of E. A. and 0. Bangs. Collected Mar. 25, 1899, by. W. W. Brown, Jr. Specific characters. With a distinct superciliary streak as in T. bruunei- collis of southern Mexico and T. rufocilidtus of Guatemala. Larger than either of these and differing much in color and markings. Color. Adult $ , type, in fresh plumage : Pileum and cervix rich russet I back, rump, upper tail-coverts, scapulars, tertials, and wing-coverts rus set, finely, but strongly, barred with dusky ; primaries and secondaries dusky, with dull yellowish-white notches along outer webs ; tail dusky, with irregular, wavy cross-bars (often broken) of dull grayish brown ; conspicuous superciliary streak tawny-ochraceous ; auriculars tawny, just behind eye darker, almost dusky ; throat and jugulum ending in an even line, dull tawny-ochraceous ; breast, in the middle pinkish buff, toward sides buff with dusky cross-bars; belly soiled white, with dusky cross bars; flanks and sides dull buff, with broad dusky cross-bars; under tail- coverts white, with dusky cross-bars. An adult tf, No. 6017, from Paramo de Macotama, Mar. 11, 1899, is similar, but is in worn plumage, the feathers being considerably abraded. The color above is richer, bordering on hazel, and the cross bars on back are less distinct ; below it is more deeply colored, and the differences in shade between throat, breast, and belly are less evident. All these differences are probably due to wearing of the feathers. The young differ from adults in being less barred above and in having the under parts Isabella color a little darker on sides freckled with dusky. The new feathers appearing on the throat are like those of the adult. Measurements. Type, adult : Wing, 54; tail, 39.4; tarsus, 21; ex posed culmen, 11.8. Adult J 1 , No. 6067: Wing, 54; tail, 39.6; tarsus, 22; exposed culmen, 12.24 * Noted by Mr. Brown from a fresh specimen the type. f Moniicola, a mountaineer, dweller in the mountains. J The wings and tail of the male are somewhat worn, and therefore these measurements are a little too short. On Some Birds from Santa Marta, Colombia. 107 Remarks. The discovery of this wren in the higher Sierra Nevada car ries the range of the group of house wrens having conspicuously colored stiperciliaries into South America proper. The species is very different from either of the two before known. Microcerculus marginatus Scl. One adult male from Chirua, Mar. 13, 1899. Hylocichla ustulata swainsoni (Cab.)- One female from Chirua, Feb. 16, 1899. Merula gigas cacozela Bangs. Eighteen specimens, taken at San Miguel, Paramo de Chiruqua, and Paramo de Macotama. All agree with the original pair from Macotama, upon which I based the subspecies. Mernla olivatra Lafr. Two males from La Concepcion ; altitude, 3,000 feet. I have compared these with the types of Merula olivatra which are in the collection of the Boston Society of Natural History. There are two specimens in fine condition and apparently only a little faded, though they were for some years exposed to the light as mounted specimens. In color they agree with the two skins taken by Mr. Brown, when due allowance is made for the slight fading that has undoubtedly taken place. They are, however, smaller in every proportion. The wing measurement of the two Lafresnaye types is 115 and 118 mm. respectively, while in the La Concepcion birds, both males, it is 122 and 124 mm. When we know more about the range and variations of this rare thrush it may be found that there are two races. For the present I prefer to leave the Colombian bird with true M. olivatra. Merula albiventris fusa* subsp. nov. Fourteen specimens, both sexes, from Chirua, La Concepcion, San Miguel, and San Francisco. Taken in Jan., Feb., and Mar., 1899. Type, from Chirua, Colombia; altitude, 7,000 feet. No. 6080, 9 adult, coll! of E. A. and O. Bangs. Collected Feb. 11, 1899, by W. W. Brown, Jr. Subspecific characters. Much larger than true M. albiventris Spix, of Brazil ; colors and pattern of coloration similar, except that the head is grayer shading from grayish olive on forehead and crown to olive gray on cervix, where the gray meets the olive of the back much more abruptly. ' Bill dull green ; iris brown ; 'f sexes alike. * Fusus, large, plump, full. f Noted by Mr. Brown from fresh specimen. 24 BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 108 Bangs On Some Bir/o/v///o//,s uf 77/o/m/x \tittall. there was a ship at the leeward about to sail for Boston, and, taking pas sage in the Pilgrim, which was then at Monterey, he came slowly down, visiting the intermediate ports and examining the trees, plants, earths, birds, etc., and joined us at San Diego shortly before we sailed. The second mate of the Pilgrhn told me that they had got an old gentleman on hoard who knew me and came from the college that I had been in. He could not recollect his name, but said he was a ' sort of an oldish man,' with white hair, and spent all his time in the bush and along the beach, picking up flowers and shells and such truck, and had a do/en boxes and barrels full of them. I thought over everybody who would be likely to be there, but could fix upon no one, when, the next day, just as we were about to shove off from the beach, he came down to the boat in the rig I have described, with his shoes in his hand and his pockets full of specimens. I knew him at once, though I should not have been more surprised to have seen the Old South steeple shoot up from the hide house. He probably had no less difficulty in recognizing me. As we left home about the same time, we had nothing to tell one another; and, owing to our different situations on board [Dana had shipped as a common sailor, in the forecastle], I saw but little of him on the passage home. Some times, when I was at the wheel of a calm night, and the steering required no attention, and the officer of the w r atch was forward, he would come aft and hold a short yarn with me; but this was against the rules of the ship, as is, in fact, all intercourse between passengers and the crew. I was often amused to see the sailors puzzled to know what to make of him , and to hear their conjectures about him and his business. They were as much puzzled as our old sailmaker was with the captain's instruments in the cabin. He said there were three : the chronometer, the c/imiometer, and tonometer (chronometer, barometer, and thermometer). The Pil grim' 8 crew christened Mr. N[uttall] "Old Curious," from his zeal for curiosities, and some of them said that he was crazy, and that his friends let him go about and amuse himself in this way. Why else a rich man (sailors call every man rich who does not work with his hands and wears a long coat and cravat) should leave a Christian country, and come to such a place as California, to pick up shells and stones, they could not understand. One of them, however, an old salt who had seen something more of the world ashore, set all to rights, as he thought : ' Oh, 'vast there ! You don't know anything about them craft. I've seen them colleges, and know the ropes. They keep all such things for curiosities, and study 'em, and have men a' purpose to go and get 'em. This old chap knows what he's about. He a'n't the child you take him for. He'll carry all these things to the college, and if they are better than any that the}' have had before, he'll be head of the college. Then, by-and-by, somebody else will go after some more, and if they beat him, he'll have to go again, or else give up his berth. That's the way they do it. This old covey knows the ropes. He has worked a traverse over 'em, and come 'way out here, where nobody's ever been afore, and where they'll never think of coming. ' This explanation satisfied Jack ; and as it raised Mr. NuttalPs credit for Botanical Explorations of Thomas Nuttall. 113 capacity, and was near enough to the truth for common purposes, I did not disturb it. With the exception of Mr. Nuttall, we had no one on board but the regular ship's company, and the live stock." * On July 22, 1836, after a hard and protracted storm off the southern coast of South America, Dana states : " Even Mr. Nuttall, the passenger, who had kept in his shell for nearly a month, and hardly been seen by anybody, and who we had almost for gotten was on board, came out like a butterfly, and was hopping around as bright as a bird." t And again : " Jn the general joy, Mr. Nuttall said he should like to go ashore upon the island [Staten Island, a little east of Cape Horn] and examine a spot which probably no human being had ever set foot upon ; but the captain intimated that he would see the island specimens and all in another place before he would get out a boat or delay the ship one moment for him." J On the 21st of September, 1836, Nuttall arrived in Boston, thus ending his last important American journey. It is important that the new species based on Nut-tail's Califor- nian collections be critically identified, and since to many Cali- fornian botanists both the type specimens and the original de scriptions are not readily accessible, the following list of species has been prepared. The list, arranged by type localities, includes the species described in Torrey and Gray's Flora of North Amer ica, 1838 to 1843, and in the seventh and eighth volumes of the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series, 1840 to 1843. After the original name is given the current equivalent, if different from the original, and any additional in formation suggested by the first description, such as the habitat, precise locality, date of collecting or flowering, probable mis- identification, or incorrect use of a name. No attempt has been made to identity the species critically. It is hoped that this information will be used by California!! botanists in making collections of these plants at their type localities, so that ample material for careful study may be available in American herbaria- *[Dana, R. H.] Two Years before the Mast, 359-361, 1840. tOp. cit., 412. jOp. cit., 412-413. 114 Coville Botanical Explorations of Thomas NuttalL LIST OF PRINCIPAL NEW SPECIES BASED ON NUTTALL'S CALIFORNIAN COLLECTIONS. Collected at Monterey. BRASSK'ACEAE. Dentaria integrifolia Nutt. Plains of Monterey. Erysimum grandiflorum Nutt. = Chdrantkus capitatus Dougl. On the sand hills of Point Pinos, near Monterey. March. Lepidum californicum Nutt. = Lepidium menziesii DC. It may be well to note that although L. californicum is referred by recent authors to L. menziesii, the latter is considered by Dr. Robinson in the Synoptical Flora a plant of the Northwest Coast, a district far removed phytogeographic- ally from Monterey. This suggests the need of further critical examina tion of the Monterey plant. VICIAX EAE. Drepanolobus lanatus Nutt. = Lotus tomentosus (Hook. & Arn.) Greene. Dry hills in the shade, near Monterey. Hosackia micranthus [-tha] Nutt. = Lotus hamatas Greene. Near Monterey, March to April. Hosackia nudiflora Nutt. = Lotus niidiflorus (Nutt.) Greene. Gravelly hills near Monterey, March. Hosackia strigosa Nutt. = Lotas strigosus (Nutt.) Greene. Dry grav elly hills near Monterey, March. RHAMNACEAE. Ceanothus rigidus Nutt. Bushy woods near Monterey, March. Rhamnus croceus [-cea] Nutt. Bushy hills and thickets around Monterey. Rhamnus laurifolius [ia] Nutt. Rhamnus californica Esch. The type specimens were collected near Monterey and near Santa Barbara also. CISTACEAE. Helianthemum scoparium Nutt. Common on dry hills around Mon terey. ONAGRACEAE. Oenothera ovata Nutt. = Taraxia ovata (Nutt.) Small. Common in moist plains in the immediate vicinity of Monterey, March. ERICACEAE. Arctostaphylos acuta Nutt. = Arctostapliylos piunila Xutt., with which it was originally collected. Botanical Explorations of Thomas Nuttall. 115 Arctostaphylos pumila Nutt. Around Monterey, flowering in March and April. Xylococcus bicolor Nutt. = Arctostaphylos bicolor (Nutt.) Gray. This was the type species of Nuttall's genus Xylococcus. CARDUACEAE. Artemisia foliosa Nutt. = Artemisia californica Less. Common around Monterey. Stylocline gnaphaloides Nutt. Near Monterey. Collected at Santa Barbara. RANUNCULACEAE. Paeonia californica Nutt. Margins of bushy plains and in the moun tain valleys in the vicinity of Santa Barbara, March and April. Lepidium lasiocarpum Nutt. Near Santa Barbara. Lepidium nitidum Nutt. Near Santa Barbara. Streptanthus arcuatus Nutt. Arabis arcuata (Nutt.) Gray. Shelving rocks on high hills near Santa Barbara. Streptanthus repandus Nutt. This plant has remained unidentified since the publication of Nuttall's original description, and no mention of the plant is made by Dr. Watson in the Synoptical Flora. Nuttall's original description is as follows : " Hirsute, particularly the lower part; leaves oblong-lanceolate, elon gated, clasping, angularly toothed or repand above (flowers white) ; petals about as long as the calyx. St. Barbara, Upper California. Stem simple, about 2 feet high. Pedicels shorter than the calyx. Sepals and petals linear." Thysaiiocarpus crenatus Nutt. This plant and the following are usually treated as belonging to the same species, crenatus being made a variety of laciniatus. Crenatus, however, by the rule of precedence is the proper specific name. Thysaiiocarpus laciniatus Nutt. See remarks under the preceding. RESEDACEAE. Bllimia ruderalis Nutt. = Dipetalia subulata (Del. ) Kuntze. This plant was the type of Nuttall's genus EUhnia. SAXIFRAGACEAE. Lithophragma cymbalaria Torr. & Gr. Shady woods near Santa Barbara. RIBACEAE. Ribes villosum Nutt. This is commonly referred to Ribes divaricatum Dougl., a species of the Northwest Coast. Nuttall found it common on the plain near the village of Santa Barbara. HO Cor i lie Botanical Esplnmtiom of Tho)Hx NntlalL BO8ACBAB. Alchemilla cuneifolia Nutt. Referred by most authors to Alchemillu anvnui* ( L.) Scop. Professor Greene, however, in Flora Franciscana, page 62, maintains it as distinct from that species, basing his opinion on Nut- tail's description. It was originally collected on " dry plains, St. [Santa] Barbara.' ' Cercocarpus betuloides Nutt. Mountains of Santa Barbara, April. VICIACEAE. Amorpha californica Nutt. Near the coast, May. Hosackia crassifolia Nutt. Dr. Gray referred this plant to Hosaclcia scoparia Nntt. as a ntew variety, diffasa. Professor Greene in publishing his Lotus glaber (Pittonia 2 : 148, 1890) cited Hosackia scoparia Nutt. a.s ;i synonym, but made no mention of the variety or of Nuttall's I fowl; in crassifolia. It was collected by Nuttall on dry hillsides near the sea. Hosackia maritima Nutt. = Lotus salsuginosus Greene. Clayey soils and on broken declivities near the sea, March. Hosackia ochroleuca Nutt. = Lotus grandiflorus (Benth.) Greene. Shady mountain woods near Santa Barbara, March to April. Hosackia prostratus [-ta] Nutt. = Lotus nutlallianus Greene. Plains near the sea, Santa Barbara, April, and also at San Diego. Hosackia scoparia Nutt. = Lotus glaber (Vogel) Greene. Dry hillsides near the sea r March to April. Phaca canescens Nutt. Astragalus Icucopsis (Torr. & Gr.) Torr. Bor ders of woods near the sea. Phaca tricopoda Nutt. = Astragalus tricopodus (Nutt.) Gray. Borders of woods near the sea, April. Pickeringia montana Nutt. = Xylothermia montana (Nutt.) Greene. Summits of the mountains in the vicinity of Santa Barbara. This was the type of Nuttall's genus Pickeringia. Trifolium aciculare Nutt. Plains of Santa Barbara, March to April. Trifolium polyphy Hum Nutt. This is one of the clovers that have been referred by various authors, without sufficiently critical examination, to Trifolium tridentatum Lindl. Woods around Santa Barbara, April. Trifolium spinulosum triste Torr. & Gr. This plant is identified by Professor Greene with Trifolium. variegatum majus Loja, a reference which, if maintained, requires a change in the varietal name. ANACARDIACEAE. Rhus laurina Nutt. On bushy plains near Santa Barbara. Styphonia integrifolia Nutt. = Rhus integrifolia (Nutt.) Benth. & Hook. Common on the margins of cliffs near the sea around Santa Barbara and also at San Diego. Styphonia serrata Nutt. = Rhus integrifolia (Nutt.) Benth. & Hook., with which it was originally collected. Botanical Explorations of Thomas Nuttall. 117 RHAMNACEAE. Ceaiiothus divaricatus Nutt. Near the town of Santa Barbara and in the neighboring mountains, April. Ceanothus hirsutus Nutt. In thickets. See note under Ceanothus oliganthus. Ceanothus macrocarpus Nutt. Mountains of Santa Barbara. Ceanothus oliganthus Nutt. Bushy woods on the hills of Santa Bar bara. As indicated by Professor Greene in Flora Franciscana, page 85, the name oliganthus has precedence over hirsutus and should be used in case the two plants prove to belong to the same species. Ceanothus spinosus Nutt. Mountains of Santa Barbara. MALVACEAE. Malva fasciculata Nutt. = Malvastrum fasciculatum (Nutt.) Greene. Sida californica Nutt. = Sidalcea californica (Nutt.) Gray. Sida delphinifolia Nutt. = Sidalcea delphinifolia (Nutt.) Greene. APIACEAE. Leptotaenia californica Nutt. CAMPANULACEAE. Dysmicodon californicum Nutt. = Legouzia biflora (Ruiz & Pa von) Britton. In shady woods near Santa Barbara. CARDUACEAE. Artemisia abrotanoides Nutt. = Artemisia californica Less. Near Santa Barbara. Bahia trifida Nutt. = Eriophyllum confertiftorum triftdum (Nutt.) Gray. Burrielia hirsutaNutt. = Baeria gracilis (DC.) Gray. Burrielia longifolia Nutt. = Baeria gracilis (DC.) Gray. Near Santa Barbara. Burrielia parviflora Nutt. = Baeria gracilis (DC.) Gray. With the last. Chrysopsis sessiliflora Nutt. Flowering in April. Carduus occidentalis Nutt. Around Santa Barbara. Dichaeta tenella Nutt. = Baeria tenella (Nutt.) Greene. On the mar gins of ponds and wet places, flowering in April. Encelia californica Nutt. Common on dry hills near Santa Barbara, flowering in April. Erigeron foliosum [us] Nutt. Near Santa Barbara, flowering in May. Erigeron hispidum [us] Nutt. = Erigeron glaucus Ker. Gnaphalium californicum erubescens Nutt. Identified by Dr. Gray in the Synoptical Flora as a form of G. ramosissiinum Nutt., which is a later name. Near Santa Barbara. Grindelia cuneifolia Nutt. 26 BIOI,. Soc. WASH., VOL. XIII, 1899 118 Coville Botanical Explorations of Thomas NuttalL Hethei otheca grandiflora Nutt. On rocks near the sea, around Santa Barbara. Isocoma vernonioidea Nutt. Common in marshes near the sea, flowering in April and May. Madaroglossa elegaiis Nutt. = Blepharipappus elegans (Nutt.) Greene. Madaroglossa hirsuta Nutt. Blepharipappus platyglossus (Fisch. & Mey.) Greene. Also at Monterey. Madaroglossa angustifolia Nutt.= Blepliaripoppus platyglos\is ( Fisch. & Mey.) Greene. Collected at Monterey. Micropus angustifolius Nutt. = Micropus californicus Fisch. & Mey. Psilocarphus globiferus Nutt. Around Santa Barbara. Psilocarphus tenellus Nutt. Near Santa Barbara, flowering in April. Senecio coronopus Nutt. Senecio californicus DC. Near Santa Bar bara, flowering in May. Solidago californica Nutt. Near Santa Barbara. Soliva daucifolia Nutt. =Soliva sessiiis Ruiz. & Pavon. On the dry grassy downs within the limits of Santa Barbara and in its immediate vicinity. C1CHORIACEAE. Cryptopleura californica Nutt. = Agoseris heterophylla (Nutt.) Greene. Near Santa Barbara. This was the type of NuttalPs genus Cryptopleura. Hieracium argutum Nutt. Leucoseris saxatilis Nutt. = Malacothrix saxatilis (Nutt.) Torr. & Gr. On shelving rocks near the sea, flowering in April. Leucoseris tenuifoliaNutt.= Malacothrix tenuifolia (Nutt.) Gray. On the mountains near Santa Barbara. Collected at San Pedro. CARDUACEAE. Grindelia robusta Nutt. Flowering in April. Hartmannia glomerata Nutt. = Deinandra fasciculala (DC.) Greene- Common, flowering in April. Collected at San Diego. PORTULACACEAE. Calandrinia maritima Nutt. On the seacoast, May. ALSINACEAE. Loeflingia squarrosa Nutt. Sandy plains. Polycarpon depressum Nutt. On bare sand hills, near San Diego. Botanical Explorations of Thomas Nuttall. 119 RANUNCULACEAE. Clematis lasiantha Nutt. Near the seacoast Clematis parviflora Nutt.=Clematis pauciflora Nutt. Locality the same as the last. The rv in parviflora is a typographical error for uc, as indi cated in the supplement of Torrey and Gray's Flora (p. 657), and the name used by subsequent authois has therefore been C. pauciflora Nutt. BRASSICACEAE. Stieptaiithus heterophyllua Nutt. Bushy hills near San Diego. CRASSULACEAE. Echeveria lanceolata Nutt. = Cotyledon lanceolata (Nutt.) Benth. & Hook. Echeveria pulverulenta Nutt. = Cotyledon pulverulenta (Nutt.) Baker. Flowering in May. Sedum edule Nutt. = Cotyledon edulis (Nutt.) Brewer. Edges of rocks and ravines. CAPPARIDACEAE. Isomeris arborea Nutt. This is the type of NuttalPs genus Isomens. VICIACEAE. Hosackia cytisoides rubescens Torr. & Gr. Hosackia cytisoides Benth. is now referred to Lotus benthami Greene, but Nuttall's Hosaclda cytisoides rubescens seems not to have been critically identified in recent years. Collected near San Diego. Lathy rus strictus Nutt.=Lathyrus wstitus Nutt. Bushy places around San Diego. Lupinus truncatus Nutt. This species was based on two specimens, one collected by Douglas at San Francisco, the other by Nuttall at San Diego. RUTACEAE. Pitavia dumosa Nutt. = Cneoridium dumosum (Nutt.) Hook. f. RHAMNACEAE. Ceaiiothus verrucosus Nutt. Low hills near the coast. CACTACEAE. Cereus californicus Torr. & Gr. = Opuntia calif ornica (Torr. & Gr.). Cereus californicus Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1, 555, 1840. Opuntia serpentina Engelm. Am. Jour. Sci., ser. 2, 14, 338, 1852. The original description of this plant in Torrey and Gray's Flora is as follows: " Erect and shrubby, with numerous clusters of long and short spines ; the branches somewhat TJO Coville Botanical Exploration* <>f Thomas NuttalL cyliudric, repandly grooved, reticulated; flowers small, yellow ; fruit dry and spiny. Arid hills and denuded tracts near St. Diego, California, common." Nnttall apparently preserved no specimen of the plant, and Torrey and Gray, having only this meager description as a guide, placed the species doubtfully in the genus Cere.ns. We now know that the two cylindrical-stemmed branching cactuses growing in the vicinity of San Diego are of the genus Opnnfia, and that the yellow- flowered one is Opuntia serpent ina Engelm. The earliest specific name of this plant being calif ornica, it is here adopted. Echinocactus viridescens To IT. & Or. Arid hills near San Diego. OXAGRACEAE. Oenothera bistorta Nutt. = Sphaerostigma bistorta (Nutt.) Walp. Oenothera epilobioides Nutt. = Qodetia epilobioides (Nutt.) Wats. APIACEAE. Apiastrum angustifolium Nutt. On this and the following species Nuttall based his genus Apiastrum. Both were collected at San Diego in April. Apiastrum angustifolium tenellum Nutt. This, according to Dr. J. N. Rose, appears to be only a slender form of A. angustifolium Nutt., with which it was originally collected. Apiastrum latifolium Nutt. See Apiastrum angustifolium, to which this plant is referred by recent authors. Deweya arguta Torr. & Gr. = Velaea arguta (Torr. & Gr.) Coult. & Rose. This species was the type of Torrey and Gray's genus Deweya. Euryptera lucida Nutt.=Peucedanum euryptera Gray. Nuttall' s specific name is older than Gray's and should be adopted. This was the type species of Nuttall' s genus Euryptera, and the type specimen was collected in April in the " woods of St. [San] Diego." KUBIACEAE. Galium suffruticosum Nutt. = Galium nuttallii Gray. CAMPANULACEAE. Nemacladus ramosissimus Nutt. In sandy soil near San Diego. This is the type species of Nuttall's genus Nemacladus. CARDUACEAE. Aiomia tenuifolia Nutt. Amblyopappus pusillus Hook. & Arn. Near the coast. Chaenactis tenuifolia Nutt. Flowering in May. Franseria pumila Nutt. = Ambrosia pumila (Nutt.) Gray. Near San Diego. Botanical Explorations of Thomas NuttalL 121 Leptosyne californica Nutt. = Leptosyne douglasii DC. Near San Diego, flowering in the beginning of May. Madaraglossa carnosa.Nntt. = Blepharipappuscarnosus (Nutt.) Greene. Osmadenia tenella Nutt. Calycadenia tenella (Nutt.) Torr. & Gr. Flowering in May. Pentachaeta aurea Nutt. On dry plains near the sea, in the vicinity of San Diego, flowering in April. Ptilomeris aiithemoides Nutt. Baeria anthemoides (Nutt.) Gray. Near San Diego. Ptilomeris aristata Nutt. Baeria aristata (Nutt.). Ptilomeris aristata Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., new ser., 7: 382, 1841. Dr. Gray in com bining Ptilomeris aristata and P. coronaria adopted the specific name coro naria, but by the rule of precedence aristata must be used. Near San Diego, flowering in April. Ptilomeris coronaria Nutt. = Baeria aristata (Nutt.) Coville. Near San Diego. Ptilomeris mutica Nutt. =Baeria mutica (Nutt.) Gray. With the pre ceding. Tuckermaniiia maritima Nutt. = Leptosyne maritima (Nutt.) Gray. On shelving rocks near the sea. CICHORIACEAE. Malacomeris incanus Nutt. Malacothrix incana (Nutt.) Torr. & Gr. Collected on an island in the bay of San Diego. This species was the type of NuttalFs genus Malacomeris. Rafinesquia californica Nutt. = Nemoseris californica (Nutt.) Greene. Near the seacoast in the vicinity of San Diego. This was the type of Nuttall's genus Rafinesquia. Sonchus fallax californicus Nutt. = Sonchus asper L. presumably. It is not, however, cited by Gray in the Synoptical Flora. Collected around San Diego. Sonchus tenuifolius Nutt. = Sonchus tenerrimus L. In shady ravines about San Diego, among rocks. Uropappus grandiflorus Nutt. = Microseris linearifolia (DC.) Gray. Collected by Nuttall at Santa Barbara also. Uropappus heterocarpus Nutt. = Microseris lindleyi (DC.) Gray. VOL. XIH, PP. 123-127 APRIL 6, 1900 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON T1I1IEK NEW BATS FROM THE ISLAND OF CURACAO.* 1JV GERHIT S. MILLER, JR. Mr. Leon J. Guthrie, United States Weather Observer at Willemstad, Curasao, West Indies, has obtained for the United States National Museum a small collection of bats preserved in formalin. Though representing only a fraction of the probable bit fauna of the island, the three species taken are of special interest, as all are new, while one is a member of a genus not hitherto detected outside 1 of Mexico. Myotis nesopolus sp. nov. Type adult male (skin and skull from specimen in formalin) No. 101,- 849, United States National Museum, collected near Willemstad, Curayao, West Indies. November 4, 1899. f Character, Similar to Myoti* nigricaw (AVied) from Colombia, but paler in color, and slightly smaller. Color. Dorsal surface intermediate between the raw umber and Fronts brown of Ridgway (Nomenclature of Colors, PL III, Nos. 11 and 14), the bases of the hairs just perceptibly darker. Ventral surface ochraceous butt', the basal half of the hairs slaty black. tikull. The skull exactly resembles that of Myoti* niyrican* from Santa Marta, Colombia and Chiapas, Mexico. Meaxurcwentx. External measurements of type: total length, 70; tail vertebra 1 , :>(>: tibia. !">: foot. .">.(>; forearm, 31; thumb, 4; longest finger, *Fublished here by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. f "Caught by Mr. L. B. Smith in an attic in Pimda." Collector's note. 27 BlOL. $00. WASH. Vol.. XIII. 1900. (123) \-24 Miller Three \; car from meat us. 11.0: car from crown. 10: width of cur, 10: tragus, G.8. Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, !.': basal length. 12: basilar length (median), 10: /ygomatir breadth. S: inlerorhital breadth. 15. '3: inastoid breadth, 7: occipital depth. ">: mandible. !: max illary tooth row (exclusive of incisors). .">: mandibular tool hrow (exclusive of incisors). .~>.4. Specimen* examined, One, the type. Ri><>ltix is readily distinguishable from .}/. niyrifnnx by its much lighter color, especially on the iinderparts. Its color sug gests that of dull specimens of M. faiiftn-n it-tin though the latter may always be recognized by the conspicuously bicolor fur of the back. Glossophaga elongata sp. nov. T y-pr adult, female (skin and skull from specimen in formalin 1 ) No. 101,871 United 'States National Museum, collected at Willemstad, Cur acao, West Indies, December 4, 181M). ('Jmrtu'lcr*. In appearance similar to Glot^haga tongtrwtri* Miller* from the Santa Mart a Mountains, Colombia, biit paler in color. Skull narrower and relatively much more elongate than that of the Columbian species. Incisors well developed, nearly double as large as in (f. ,vo/-- /<{}<,] the upper very strongly projecting forward. Earn. The ears are moderately long, laid forward they extend about half way from eye to tip of muzzle. Anterior border of conch strongly convex at base, then very gently convex to rather broadly rounded tip. Posterior border straight to middle, then slightly and evenly 'convex to faint notch marking boundary of very narrow and rudimentary unthick- ened antitragus. The posterior border terminates slightly in front of anterior border and (i mm. behind angle of mouth. Both surfaces of ear smooth, the inner, however, with six or seven small but distinct cross ridges near posterior border, and a few inconspicuous scattered hairs. Tragus upright, acutely pointed, sometimes deeply notched at tip. An terior border perceptibly thickened, nearly straight, slightly convex above. Point acute. Posterior border irregularly convex, occasionally so narrowly and deeply notched above that the tip appears bifid. Op posite anterior base there is a broad shallow notch, and below this t he- posterior border is more abruptly convex to. base. M-vz~.li-' ttitil cltin. Lower, oval, portion of noseleaf small and very in distinctly outlined, but not peculiar in f< rm. Terminal, erect, pert icn well developed, its width nearly equal to cuter border. Tip rather bluntly rounded. Outer border slightly concave. Chin divided by a rather broad and shallow Y-shaped groove, the edges of which are irreg ularly 1 uberculate. .)/<"?// bnincx. --The membranes are ample and somewhat -thin, their surfaces rough. Width of uropalagium equal to length of tibia. Pr>- *Proc. Acad. Nat. Sri., Philadelphia, ISJKS. p. :::5o. fin the type and only known specimen of ty. 'fontfiroMri* the in;'is >rs are absent and their alveoli nearlv resorlx'd. 'MWer Three ^\V/r Bats from the Island of Curacao. 125 palagium including; metacarpal of thumb. The membranes are practi cally naked throughout. Ffct. The foot is long- and strong, about two thirds length of tibia. Toes essentially equal in length and distinctly longer than metatarsals. Claws large, nearly one half as long as rest of foot. Calcar distinct, 5 mm. in length, its ex reme tip projecting beyond membrane. Tail. The tail is very short, about equal to calcar, its tip forming a minute projection on upper side of membrane.* Fui- and color. The fur is very soft, but rather loose in texture. Length at middle of back about 5 mm. It is closely confined to body, reaching membranes in a very narrow line only. On humerus it extends about to middle both above and below. That of head covers basal third of outer surface of ears. Color of dorsal surface hair brown irregularly lightened by appearance at surface of the pale drab which occupies the basal two thirds of the fur. This drab is paler than the ecru drab of Ridgway, but is distinctly tinged with yellowish brown. Underparts pale Isabella color, fading to ecru drab on flanks and washed with hair brown on chin, throat and chest, the haiis everywhere pale drab at base. Ears, feet and mem branes dark brown. tfkull. The skull of GlamopKaga rlonguta is narrower and moire elon gate than that of G. hnigiroxtri* and the braincase is smaller and less elevated above the faceline. The braincase rises above dorsal surface of rostrum at an anrle of about 20 in G. dongata and G. aoricina, but of scarcely 12 in G. longiroxtri*. Rostrum slightly longer than in G. longi- /Wm, and distinctly shallower when viewed from the side, its dorsal surface much more flattened, especially between orbits. Anterior nares narrower and more elongate. Rudimentary vertical process of zygoma as in G. Imyiroxtnx and smaller than in G. xm-n-iiiW//. The teeth are as in GluxxopJutyn l<>n-< nifiilx. External measurements of type: total length, (55; tail vertebra, 5: tibia. 15.8; foot, 11.4; calcar, 5.4; forearm, 40; thumb, 10: longest finger, 78; ear from meatus, 14. G; ear from crown, 9.6; width of ear, 11: height of noseleaf above edge of lip, 5.4; height of noseleaf behind, 3: greatest width of noseleaf, 4. Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, 24.4; basal length, 22.2: basilar length, 20.4: xygomatic breadth, 9.8: interorbital breadth . -"In the original description of GhssopJwiga longiroxtri* the tail is stated, on the authority of the collector (no trace of it can be seen in the dry specimen) to be 18 mm. in length. This measurement without doubt refers to width of uropatagium. I-.?*) Miller 7V//rr AV/r />Vf/x //<>/// //< Ixlnnrt of Curtmm. (behind prominences), 5; mastoid breadth, !).(>: breadth of brainrasr above roots of zygomata, 9; depth of rostrum, bet ween orbits, 8: mandi ble, 16.2: upper toothrow (exclusive of incisors), 8.8; lower tooth row (exclusive of incisors), 9. Itt'iii a //*. -(fhmKophaga elonyata differs conspicuously from (*. lomji- >W/v'.v in its paler color, particularly on the ventral surface. The cra nial characters are equally distinctive. In one specimen (Xo. 101,S.~)."iV the third upper molar is absent on both sides. Leptonycteris curasoae sp. nov. Type- adult male (in alcohol) Xo. 101,8.11 United Stales X'ational .Mu seum, collected at Curacao, West Indies. Character*. Closely related to the Mexican Leptonyeteri* niralix (Saus- sure) but color darker, and interfemoral membrane narrower and less hairy. Upper inciwrtt equally xpaced and more projecting than in the Mexican species. Second lower premolar slightly but distinctly cresren- tic. Earn. The ears ace broad and short, laid forward they extend to an terior canthus of eye. Anterior border of conch nearly straight and al most horizontal through proximal .1 mm., then very abruptly convex., Beyond this convexity it is again straight for about .1 mm. below rather narrowly rounded tip. The two straight areas are nearly perpendicular to each other. Posterior border slightly concave below tip, then mod erately convex to faintly marked notch at upper edge of antitragus. Ant i tragus small and ill denned, its substance distinctly thickened. The slightly concave anterior border terminates abruptly a little in advance of anterior base of. ear, and 7 mm. behind angle of mouth. Outer sur face of ear smooth and naked except at extreme base, where it is cov ered with fur similar to that of head. Inner surface slightly papillose and sprinkled with inconspicuous hairs. Four or five very indistinct cross ridges on inner surface of conch .near middle of posterior border. Tragus upright, much thickened along anterior border. Anterior border straight to slight subtermirial concavity. Point blunt. Posterior border irregular, but without distinct projections. Thrqugh anterior base the width of tragus is equal to 'one half anterior border. Muzzle and chin. Noseleaf diamond shaped, the lower portion bounded by the oblique nostrils, the upper and slightly larger portion erect and free. Lips below and at sides of nostrils tumid, this swollen area ex tending back on each side immediately behind n;>seleaf nearly to median line and separated posteriorly from noseleal' by a distinct, broadly V- shaped groove. Chin divided by a deep groove, narrow below, wide above, iis edges ir regularly tuberculate. Membrane*. The membranes are thick rough and leathery: the wings and propatagium broad and ample; the uropatagium greatly reduced (only 4 mm. wide at middle). Propatagium extending as a broad fold along forearm to include metacarpal of thumb. The me:nbranes are essen tially naked. Miller Three New Bats from the Island of Ct/rrtt<>. 127 AW. The feet are large and strong, about two thirds length of tibia. Toes essentially equal in length, slightly longer than metacarpals, armed with large strong claws, the latter equal to about one third of rest of foot. Calcar distinct, 6 mm. in length. /'/// titirl color. The fur is short, dense and velvety, that on middle of buck about 4 mm. in length. It is closely confined to body, reaching membranes in a very narrow line only. On humerus it extends over proximal half both above and below. Dorsal surface of forearm densely but inconspicuously furred. Under surface of forearm and of propata- gium and both sides of uropatagium scantly haired. ColoY after three months immersion in formalin hair brown with a faint bluish cast, slightly paler on ventral surface, the hairs everywhere ecru drab at base. Ears and membranes dark brown. Skull. The skull is slightly larger than that of Leptonyoteru ninilix, and the rostrum is a little deeper, but otherwise I can detect no cranial characters to separate the two species. Teeth. Upper incisors large and evenly spaced, not in two pairs sepa- rated by a distinct median gap as in L. nir, 1897, and communicated In Mr. ( '. 1). Beadle, Curator of the Biltmore Herbarium. A violet with very pecu liar and anomalous foliage, showing Affinities to the Sagittalae, but dis tinguished from all the species of that group by its oddly shaped leaves, large flowers and broad sepals. Viola pruinosa. n. sp. Plant low (about 1 dm. high), sending up numerous branching stems from a very short and thick rootstock; leaves slender-petioled, pinnately decompound, the ultimate divisions oblong-linear, 5-7 mm. long* under surface of the dull green foliage densely clothed with short and still', white, pruinose pubescence, so that the plant appears glaucous; petioles, especially those of the basal leaves, with broadly sheathing scarious margins; flowers solitary in the axils, borne on slender peduncles, rather small (1-li cm. broad); sepals linear, very short; petals narrowly oblong, beardless, bright yellow with purple veinings, the two uppermost petals often entirely overcast with purple; spur wanting: capsule not observed. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 342,190, collected by John B. Leiberg in Bear Valley, California, at an altitude of 2200 meters, April 17, 1898 (No. 3307). Related to V. Douijlaxii, but at once dis tinguishable on account of the small flowers and the peculiar frosted appearance of the foliage. Gentiana citrina n. sp. Annual; stem simple, strict, 2-4 dm. high; leaves about six pairs, ob long or ovate-oblong, sessile or slightly clasping: inflorescence narrowly paniculate, the branches 1-5-flowered, each cluster subtended by a pair of foliaceous bracts; flower 1^-2 cm. long, yellow: calyx campanulate; the ovate-lanceolate, somewhat unequal lobes longer than its tube: corolla tubular-campanulate, with 4 or rarely 5 erect ovate lobes, one- fourth the length of the tube, quite destitute of sinus-appendages: throat crowned with a copious fringe of setae; capsule sessile. Type in U. S. National Herbarium, No. 22,087, collected by C. G. Pringle in the valley of Toluca, State of Mexico, August 18, 1892 (No. 419(5) and distributed as (i. \YritjJttii A. Gray, from which it differs in certain important particulars. In his description of Wri(jJitii Dr. Gray emphasizes the fact that the leaves nearly equal the internodes: the calyx lobes are said to have scabrous margins and the corolla is campan- ulate-funnel-form with lobes fully one-third 1 the length of the tube. I have also examined the type of G. \VrirtJ/ Antn'inut Plants. campanulate; bracts ovate-lanceolate, more or less berbaoeoTis,, glandu lar, the innermost longest: rays bright yellow, linear, 1 .cm. long: pap pus copious. yellowish-white, the outer series of bristles very short and capillary, the inner minutely setulose; achene 2 mm. long, fusirorni. slightly com])ressed ) villons, wit h 8-10 salient longit udinal ribs: recepta cle strongly alveolate. Type in IT. S. National Herbarium, collected by Miss Marie Meislalm at riarcona, Florida, (Xo. 150), and communicated by Mr. A. .1. I'ieters. who has kindly placed in my hands for determination a large collection of Florida plants. This Chrysopsis differs from C. piltt. IS!)!) by Mr. Hall (No. KID. No. 1*>5. a fruiting specimen, is to be referred here. The plants were sub- Pollcvrd ; hind foot without claw, 43 (40-46). Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, 56; basal length, 47.6; basilar length, 44.6; palatal length, 25; least width of palate be tween anterior molars, 5; diastema, 14.8; length of incisive foramen, 8; combined breadth of incisive foramina, 3.8; length of nasals, 21.4; com bined breadth of nasals, 6.2; zygomatic breadth, 25.8; interorbital breadth, 9; breadth of braincase above roots of zygomata, 20.4; mastoid breadth, 18.8; occipital depth at front of basioccipital, 14; frontopalatal depth at posterior extremity of nasals, 13.6; least depth of rostrum im mediately behind incisors, 11; maxillary toothrow (alveoli), 11.8; width of front upper molar, 3; mandible, 30.6; mandibular toothrow (alveoli), 10. ^Measurement of hind foot in parenthesis is taken exclusive of claws. 140 Miller. Seven New Hats collected in Siam. Specimens examined. 'Eight, all taken at or near the type locality. Remarks. Mus vociferans is the mainland representative of M. sabanus, a rat quite unlike any of the other species known to occur on the Malay Peninsula, and at present recorded from Borneo and the Natuna Islands only. It is a very noisy animal; when trapped its loud cries so quickly attract the smaller carnivores that perfect specimens are with difficulty obtained. Mus ferreocanus sp. nov. Type adult female (skin and skull) No. 86,737 United States National Museum, collected in the mountains of Trong, Lower Siam, at about 3000 ft. altitude, January 15, 1899. Characters. Size large (hind foot about 56; greatest length of skull, 53) tail slightly longer than head and body, dark brown at base, whitish at tip; ear long and narrow, its length greater than distance from eye to nostril; fur composed almost exclusively of fine grooved bristles; general color above bluish iron gray, beneath pure white; skull with slightly de veloped supraorbital ridges. Fur. Underfur rather scant, not at all woolly except on belly. The main body of the fur is composed of fine grooved bristles, those on mid dle of back about 15 mm. in length. Interspersed with the bristles are a few terete black hairs, 25-30 mm. in length. These are practically confined to the back and rump, and are nowhere conspicuous. Color. The color of this rat is difficult to describe with accuracy, as the tints cannot be matched in Ridgway's Manual of Colors. The gen eral effect is a lustrous bluish iron gray, darker along middle of back, paler and slightly drab-tinged on sides; everywhere frosted by the pale glistening tips of the bristles, which produce a sheen varying much with different exposures to light. Cheeks washed with drab gray, muzzle with seal brown. Underparts creamy white, this color extending down inner side of front legs to wrists, and on hind legs nearly to ankles. Fur of dorsal surface gray (Ridgway, PL II, No. 8) at base, that of under- parts white throughout. Ear dark brown; a small tuft of fine white hairs immediately beneath orifice. Tail dark brown, the terminal fourth dull white. Hind feet uniform sepia. Front feet sepia varied with dull white. Tail. The moderately long tail of this species is finely, inconspicu ously and somewhat irregularly annulated. At middle there are twelve rings to the centimeter. The rings are divided by cross furrows into scales longer than broad and with rounded corners. These scales, how ever, are scarcely noticeable to the unaided eye. The fine stiff hairs that spring from the spaces between the rings are in length about one half greater than width of ring, and are apparently not definitely ar ranged with regard to the scales. Near tip of tail the rings become nar rower and more indefinite and the hairs longer and less stiff, though without forming any semblance of a pencil. Miller. Seven New Rats collected in Siam. 141 Skull. The skull of Mus ferreocanus (Pis. Ill and IV, Fig. 2) though of the same general size as that of the other large rats of Trong, is easily recognizable by its shallow, weak rostrum and tapering form as well as by various details in structure. The zygomata are strongly convergent anteriorly, their anterior roots relatively light and little spreading. An- tiorbital foramina small, b-ut less contracted below than in the other species. The plate forming its outer wall is faintly concave on the outer surface, its anterior border slightly convex from below middle, the straight portion at base sharing distinctly backward. Pterygoids long and straight to the extreme tip, the interpterygoid space narrowing gradually and continuously from behind forward. Audital bullae much larger than in Mus voci/erans, but not peculiar in form. Interorbital region narrow. Supraorbital ridges low and little developed, much as in Mus bowersi, but traceable along sides of braincase to lambdoid ridge. Teeth. Molars slightly narrower than in Mus vocijerans, the enamel folds relatively broader, but not essentially different in form. The pos terior limb of the terminal crescent in the third upper molar is normally divided from the anterior, even in unworn teeth. Lower molars differ ing in much the same manner as the upper. Incisors relatively weak, their anterior face yellowish white. Measurements. External measurements of type specimen: total length, 489; head and body, 238; tail vertebrae, 251; hind foot, 56 (53); ear from meatus, 27; ear from crown, 21; width of ear, 17. A second adult specimen: total length, 501; head and body, 241; tail vertebrae, 260; hind foot, 56 (53). Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, 53.6; basal length 48; basilar length, 45; palatal length, 25; least width of palate between anterior molars, 5; dias,tema, 15.8; length of incisive foramen, 9.4; com bined breadth of incisive foramina, 3.8; length of nasals, 22.6; combined breadth of nasals, 5.2; zygomatic breadth, 25.4; interorbital breadth, 8; mastoid breadth, 20.2; breadth of braincase above roots of zygomata, 20; depth of braincase at anterior extremity of basioccipital, 14.6; fron- topalatal depth at posterior extremity of nasals, 12; least depth of ros trum immediately behind incisors, 8; maxillary toothrow (alveoli), 9.4; width of front upper molar, 2.8; mandible, 30; mandibular toothrow (alveoli), 9. Specimens examined. Three, all from the type locality. Remarks. This species is not closely related to the other rats of the Malay Peninsula; and I am unable to find any description of an animal at all resembling it among the forms occurring in the East Indian Ar chipelago. Mus validus sp. nov. Type adult male (skin and skull) No. 86,741 United States National Museum, collected in the mountains of Trong, Lower Siam, at about 1000 ft, altitude, February 18, 1899. Characters. A large robust animal in size and general appearance re sembling Mus bowersi Anderson from Burmah. Fur coarse, but essen- 142 Millar. >SV/Y-// New /t!! <'<-t<-sv/v// \< n- Rota collected Mus cremoriventer sp. nov. Type adult male (skin and skull) No. 86,770 United States National Museum, collected in the mountains of Trong, Lower Siam, at about 3000 ft. altitude, January 16, 1899. Characters. A slender animal about the size of Mus jerdoni Blyth, from Mount Mooleyit, Burmah. Tail much longer than head and body, dark brown throughout, thinly but distinctly penicillate. Fur very thickly spinous. General color dull ochraceous above, whitish cream buff beneath. Skull shorter and relatively broader than that of M. jerdoni. Far. As in Mus jerdoni the fur of the back and sides is composed of three kinds of hair, (a) soft fine underfur about 10 mm. in length, light gray at base and ochraceous at tip, (b) broad, grooved bristles slightly longer than the underfur, light horn color at base, those on back blackish at tip, those on sides uniform throughout, and (c) slender terete hairs 20 mm. in length, blackish throughout, but darker at tip than at base. The long hairs are rather abundant on back, most numerous posteriorly. On sides they soon disappear. On belly the bristles and underfur alone are present, both much reduced in length, and without dark bases. Legs nearly free from bristles except on outer side. Color. General color above dull ochraceous fading to ochraceous buff or dull buff yellow on sides, the sides nearly clear, but back, shoulders, neck and head uniformly sprinkled with black-tipped hairs and bristles which are nowhere in excess of the ochraceous. Cheeks clear ochrace ous buff. Muzzle hair brown, paler at the sides. A narrow dark shade encircles each eye but without forming a distinct eyering. Underparts and inner surface of legs clear light cream buff to base of hairs, sharply defined and extending to wrists and ankles. Feet mixed whitish and sepia. Tail and naked ears uniform dark brown throughout. Tail. The slender tail is conspicuously and regularly annulated. At middle there are 11 or 12 rings to the centimeter. The rings are sharply marked off from each other, and so slightly divided by cross furrows that to the unaided eye they appear entire. With a lens they are seen to be made up of rectangular scales slightly longer than broad. The free edges of the rings are slightly crenulate and from beneath them spring stiff black hairs whose length slightly exceeds width of rings. There are usually three hairs to each division of the ring. Toward tip the rings become much narrower and the hairs longer, forming a thin but evident pencil. Skull. The skull of Mus cremoriventer (PI. V, Fig. 2) is shorter and broad er than that of M. jerdoni (PI. V, Fig. 1). Its reduction in length is due more to shortening of the rostrum than of the braincase, so that the form of the skull is sensibly altered. Incisive foramina shorter and re latively broader than in Mus jerdoni, their posterior extremity on level with front of first molar. Antorbital foramen smaller than in Mus jer doni but less contracted below. The maxillary plate forming its outer wall is narrow, the greatest width only 2.8 mm. Its anterior border is faintly concave below and faintly convex above, the general slope uni- Miller. fleven New Hots collected in Siam. 145 formly backward. Zygomata light though less slender than in M. jerdoni, not abruptly flaring anteriorly. Supraorbital ridges well developed and continued backward to interparietal, but not forming a distinct postorbi- tal angle. Teeth. The teeth agree closely with those of Mus jerdoni. Arrange ment of molar tubercules as in M. jerdoni and M. decumanus. Anterior face of incisors bright orange, the upper somewhat darker than the lower. Measurements. External measurements of type: total length, 317; head and body, 146; tail vertebrae, 171; pencil, 8; hind foot, 30(28.5)?;* ear from meatus, 17; ear from crown, 13; width of ear, 12. A second speci men: total length, 305; head and body, 130; tail ver ebrae, 175; hind foot, 30(28.5)?* Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, 34; basal length, 28; basilar length, 25; palatal length, 13.4; least width of palate between anterior molars, 3.4; diastema, 8.2; length of incisive foramen, 5.6; com bined breadth of incisive foramina, 2.6; length of nasals, 11.8; combined breadth of nasals, 4; zygomatic breadth, 15.4; interorbital breadth, 6; mastoid breadth, 12.8; breadth of braincase over roots of zygomata, 14.8; depth of braincase at front of basioccipital, 10; fronto-palatal depth at posterior extremity of nasals, 7; least depth of rostrum imme diately behind incisors, 6; maxillary toothrow (alveoli), 6; width of front upper molar, 1.6; mandible, 15.6; mandibular toothrow (alveoli), 6. Specimens examined. Two, both from the type locality. Remarks. Mus cremoriventer differs too widely from the other species known to occur on the Malay Peninsula to require any special compari son. It is immediately recognizable by its moderate size, slender form, spiny fur, and long, unicolor, slightly penicillate tail. Mus asper sp. nov. Type adult female (skin and skull) No. 86,767 United States National Museum, collected in the mountains of Trong, Lower Siam, at an alti tude of about 1000 ft., February 2, 1899. Characters. Smaller than Mus jerdoni (hind foot about 28 mm). Tail shorter than head and body, bicolor, but not white at tip. Fur of back very densely set with stiff bristles. General color raw sienna above, dull buff beneath, the^tr everywhere dusky at base] a tawny spot on chest. Skull relatively broader than in Mas jerdoni or M cremoriventer, the ante rior portion of the zygomata more abruptly flaring and whole arch dispro- portionally heavy. Far. The fur is as in Mus jerdoni and M. cremoriventer, except that the spines are more abundant on back and less numerous on sides and belly. Back with veryfew long terete hairs. Legs wholly free from bristles. Color. General color above raw sienna (slightly paler than Ridgway, PL V, Fig. 2) fading to light ochraceous on sides. Back, shoulders, neck, and head uniformly clouded or speckled with bister; this and the raw ^Distorted in preparation; measurement probably too long. 146 Miller. Seven New Hats collected in Siam. sienna present in about equal quantities. Bister soon disappearing on sides and cheeks. Muzzle hair brown, grayish at sides. A dark shade about eye. Underparts dull buff, sharply denned, much darker and browner than in M. cremoriventer, fading to buffy gray on chin and inner side of legs, down which it extends to join dull white of feet. A small tawny spot on middle of chest. Fur of underparts everywhere conspicuously dusky at base. Tail. Except for its shortness the tail is essentially like that of M. cremoriventer. The annulation, however, is a little less distinct, and the- rings are more noticeably divided by cross furrows. In none of the specimens is the tail perfect to extreme tip, but there is no apparent ten dency to form a pencil. Skull The skull of Mus.asper (PI. V, Fig. 3) while of about the same length as that of Mus jerdoni (PI. V, Fig. 1) differs conspicuously in the deeper rostrum, strongly cuneate nasals, larger antorbital foramen, heavier, more abruptly flaring and more depressed zygomata, and larger, strongly angled supraorbital ridges. Incisive foramina short and broad, their outer margins convergent anteriorly. Interpterygoid space shorter and wider than in Mus jerdoni. Plate forming outer wall of antorbital foramen essentially as in Mus cremoriventer, and distinctly less convex above than in Mus jerdoni. Teeth. The teeth appear to be precisely like those of Mus jerdoni. Measurements. External measurements of type: total length, 254; head and body, 133; tail vertebra, 121; hind foot, 27 (25.5); ear from meatus, 18; ear from crown, 13; width of ear, 14. An adult male from the type locality: total length, 235; head and body, 121; tail vertebrae, 114; hind foot, 28 (26. 5). The hind foot in two specimens in alcohol measures respectively, 28.6 (27.4) and 26 (25). Cranial measurements of type; greatest length, 34; basal length, 28; basilar length, 26; palatal length, 13.4; least width of palate between anterior molars, 3.6; diastema, 8.4; length of incisive foramen, 4.6; com bined breadth of incisive foramina, 2.8; length of nasals, 11; combined breadth of nasals, 3.8; zygomatic breadth, 15.4; interorbital breadth, 5.8; mastoid breadth, 11.8; breadth of braincase above roots of zygo mata, 13.6; depth of braincase at front of basioccipital, 9.8: frontopala- tal depth at posterior extremity of nasals, 8; least depth immediately behind incisors, 6; maxillary toothrow (alveoli), 6; width of first upper molar, 1.4; mandible, 17.2; mandibular toothrow (alveoli), 5.4. Specimens examined. Six (two in alcohol), all from the type locality. Remarks. While Mus axper differs widely from the known mainland representatives of the genus it is probably rather closely related to the Bornean Mus whiteheadi Thomas, a species which I know by description only. Mus asper agrees with the Bornean animal in size, character of fur, color scheme, and general aspect of skull, but differs from it in its shorter tail, lighter color with stronger, contrast between sides and belly, less developed maxillary plate forming outer wall of antorbital foramen; relatively wider incisive foramina, and apparently longer molar row, Miller. Seven New Ruts collected in Slum. 147 Mus pellax sp. nov. Type adult female (skin and skull) No. 86,755 United States National Museum, collected in the mountains of Trong, Lower Siam, at an alti tude of about 1000 ft., February 5, 1899. Characters. Closely related to Musjerdoni Blyth from Mount Mooleyit, Burmah, but with larger skull and teeth, much shorter incisive foramina and relatively smaller audital bullae. Nasals extending consjncuously be hind nasal branches of premaxillaries. White of inner side of thigh con tinued along lower leg to join that of foot, as in Musjerdoni. Fur. The fur is as in Musjerdoni and M. cremoriT enter. Color. Back and sides clay color tinged with ochraceous, particularly on shoulders and flanks, and everywhere darkened by mixture of Van dyke brown, the latter in excess over middle of back, nearly disappear ing on sides. Underparts white, sharply denned, this color extending down inner side of legs and covering dorsal surface of feet. Muzzle hair brown. Face and crown like back. An ill denned brown eyering. Between ears there is a conspicuous elongate white spot, .possibly due to albinism. Ears dark brown. Tail bicolor, but not sharply so, light brown above, whitish below, the colors becoming indefinite near tip. Tail. The tail is indistinctly annulated; ten rings to the centimeter at middle. The rings are not sharply defined. Each is divided into seg ments distinctly broader than long. From beneath the free edges of the rings grows numerous hairs whose length about equals width of two rings. These hairs are not definitely arranged, and from one to four spring from each section. At tip the rings become very irregular, but the hairs, contrary to the general rule, are reduced in length. Skull. Though noticeably larger than that of Musjerdoni the skull of Mus pellax does not differ from it in general form. The audital bulla? are a shade smaller than in Musjerdoni, therefore relatively of much less size. Incisive foramina short and broad, the outer margins converging anteriorly. Nasals extending nearly 3 mm. behind nasal branches of premaxillaries. At anterior extremity each nasal is emarginated on outer side so that the two together form a narrow median point. Other wise the skull agrees with that of Musjerdoni. Teeth. The teeth are much broader than those of Musjerdoni. Enam el pattern as in M. jerdoni and M. decumanus except in the presence of a minute supplemental tubercle between first and second tubercles on in ner side of second upper molar. Though present and perfectly symmet rical in the tooth of each side it is probably not a normal character. Measurements. External measurements of type: total length, 817; head and body, 152; tail vertebrae, 165; hind foot, 35 (33); ear from meatus, 21; ear from crown, 16; width of ear, 17. Cranial measurements of type: greatest length, 41; basal length, 34; basilar length, 31; palatal length, 17; least width of palate between an terior molars, 4; diastema, 11.5; length of incisive foramen, 6; combined breadth of incisive foramina, 3; length of nasals, 16; combined breadth of nasals, 4.8; zygomatic breadth, 18; interorbital breadth, 6,4; mastoid. 148 Miller Seven New Rats collected in Siam. breadth, 14; breadth of braincase above roots of zygomata, 16; depth of braincase at front of basioccipital, 10.8; fronto-palatal depth at posterior extremity of nasals, 8.8; least depth immediately behind incisors, 7; maxillary toothrow (alveoi), 6.8; width of first upper molar, 2; mandi ble, 21.5; mandibular toothrow (alveoli), G.5. Specimens examined. One, the type. Remarks. While this species is very distinct from Mu9Jerdoni t its re lationship to Mus surifer is questionable. Dr. Abbott writes that he ex amined numerous individuals and that in the flesh they could be invaria bly distinguished from the species with which they were associated. The white spot on the head he regards as a normal character. Mus surifer sp. nov. Type adult male (skin and skull) No. 86,746 United States National Museum, collected in the mountain of Trong, Lower Siam, at an altitude of about 3,000 feet, January 14, 1899. Characters. In general appearance much like Musjerdoni and M. pellax, but larger and more robust than either. Fur thickly spiny. Tail about equal to head and body, though usually somewhat longer, bicolor with exception of terminal third or fourth, which is entirely dull white. Hind leg from knee to heel usually ochraceous on both sides thus separating white of inner side of thigh from that of foot. Skull much larger and more conspicuously ridged than that of Musjerdoni. Fur. The -fur is as in Mflbyerdoni and M. cremoriventer. Color. Upper parts uniform tawny ochraceous, heavily sprinkled with blackish brown on posterior half of back, less so on shoulders and head. Sides, flanks, cheeks and outer surface of legs clear tawny ochraceous. Underparts white to base of hairs. The white extends down inner sides of front legs to wrists, but on hind legs it normally reaches barely be yond knee, below which the entire leg is ochraceous, though slightly dulled on inner side by the dusky bases of the hairs. Occasionaly, how ever, the white extends in a narrow irregular line to heel. Feet dull white. Ears and dorsal surface of tail to terminal third or fourth dark brown. Underside of tail and whole of terminal third or fourth dull white. Tail. The tail is distinctly annulated, though less evenly than in Mus cremoriventer . There are about 12 rings to the centimeter at middle. The rings are indistinctly divided into sections slightly longer than broad, from the free edge of each of which spring 1-3 hairs equal in length to width of about one and one half rings. At tip the rings become nar rower and less regular, the hairs at the same time increasing in abund ance, but not in length, and not forming a pencil. Skull. The skull of Mus surifer (PI. V, Fig. 4) is conspicuously larger than that of M. jerdoni (PI. V, Fig. 1), though not very different in form. Supraorbital ridges high and continued backward to interparietal, and in old individuals forming a strong postorbital angle. Incisive foramina relatively much shorter and wider than in Mus jerdoni, distinctly wider posteriorly than anteriorly. Miller Seven New Rats collected in Siam. 149 Teeth. The teeth are relatively broader than in Mas jerdnni, but in structure they show no peculiarities. Measuremerds. External measurements of type: total length, 400; head and body, 197; tail, 203; hind foot, 38 (36); ear from meatus, 2l!o; ear from crown, 18; width of ear, 15. Ten specimens (five of each sex) from the type locality average: total length, 372 (356-400); head and body, 187 (162-197); tail vertebra, 185.5 (175-203); hind foot, 38.6 (36-40); hind foot without claws, 35.8 (34-39). Cranial measurments of type: greatest length 46 (36.6)*; basal length, 40 (30); basilar length, 37 (27.6); palatal length, 19 (14.8); least width of palate between anterior molars, 4.6 (3.8); diastema, 13.4 (9.4); length of incisive foramen, 7.4 (6.6); combined breadth of incisive foramina, 4 (3); length of nasals, 18.6 (14); combined breadth of nasals, 5 (3.6); zygomatic breadth, 19.8 (15.4); interorbital breadth, 7.6 (6); mastoid breadth, 15 (13); breadth of braincase above roots of zygomata, 16 (15); depth of braincase at front of basioccipital, 12 (10.4); frontopalatal depth at pos terior extremity of nasals, 9 (8); least depth of rostrum immediately be hind incisors, 8 (6.8); maxillary toothrow (alveoli), 7 (6); width of front upper molar, 2 (1.6); mandible, 24.6 (18.6); mandibular molar series (alveoli), 7 (5.8). Specimen* <'.<'*//////<; <-(>, p. 280). The specimens, two in number, are in alcohol, and labeled "San Salvador, Dr. J. Leidy." Though much faded in color they are clearly referable to Myotitt nigricanx (Maximilian), or at least to that form of the species occuring in Columbia and southern Mexico. The name <-1<>iui/x as applied to the Redbacked Mice is in no way invalidated by the pre vious publication of Anaptogonia. f-Gerrit X. \fillrr. Jr. Note on Micronycteris brachyotis (Dobson) and M. microtis Miller. In describing a bat from Greytown, Nicaragua, under the name M'i- cronycterift microti* (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 181)8, p. JJ28), I overlooked the fact that Dobson had previously (Proc. Zool. Sue London, 1878, p. 880) described a member of the same genus from Cayenne, French Guiana, as Schfuostoma Iradiyoir, a name not cited in Ti-oues- sart's 'Catalogus.' The two animals are evidently much more distinct from each other than the similarity of their specific names would at first suggest. Aficronycteris l>rtix is, with the exception of J/, beknii, one of the largest species of the genus (forearm 40 mm.), while' M. microtix is among the smallest (forearm HI). In M. hrm-htinti* the- ( r I- 1 1 1- I'll I Xnti'X. 1")") upright portion of the noselcaf is "much narrower than the horse shoe," and the prominences on the chin are of very peculiar form. In M. inicrotix the upright portion of the noseleaf is fully as wide as the 'horse-shoe,' and the prominences on the chin are exactly as in normal members of the genus. (1 errit S. \nilcr, Jr. The systematic name of the Cuban red bat. In Ramon do la Sacra's Ilistoria Fisica Politicay Natural 2, 1845, Gervais describes the cuban red bat as Vesperfilio hluxitcrittii. Publication of the name he attributes to Lesson and Garnot, "Bull. Sc. Nat. VIII, p. 95." This reference I have not been able to verify, but it unquestionably antedates the publication of Gundlach's name Atnln/i/tfi iift'ifferi (18til) by sixteen years. The animal should therefore be known as Luxinnix hlnxxt-rinii. (icrrit N. Miller, Jr. Note on the Vespertilio blythii of Tomes.* In 1857 Tomes published a description of the Indian representative of Mt/nti* myotix under the name Vespertilio blythii (Proc. Zool. Hoc. Lon don, 1857, p. 53). Recent authors have without exception regarded the animal as identical with the European form. A specimen collected by Dr. YV. L. Abbott in Kashmir (9 adult No. '$\*^ United States National Museum) shows, however, that this view is not correct, and that Myotix blythii is a well characterized species, readily distinguishable from M. iitynfixhy its shorter ears, much smaller audital bulhe, and by a peculiar ity in the form of the maxillary molars. In these teeth the protocone is lower and further removed from the paracone than in M. myotix, a character which is at once appreciable when the teeth of the two species are viewed in profile from the front. This peculiarity is evi- dently of considerable importance, as I can find no appreciable variation in the form of the molars among a large number of European speci mens of M. myotix. Otcrrit >0:5). Two individuals taken by Dr. W. L. Abbott in the Vale of Kashmir and now in the United States National Museum (Nos. Iff ft and |i';,V-) agree in all respects with the characters given by Tomes and ;f This note and the four following are published here by permission of the Secretarv of the Smithsonian Institution. 156 (r- j ncr des Vertebres de la Suisse. Here specimens taken in the trunk of a tree near Amsteg, Canton of Uri, Switzerland, were recorded as [IV*- perugo noctula\ var. maxima (Mammiferes, p. 57). More recently 1 he animal has been considered identical with the Pterygiftes laxioptemtx of China and Japan (For references see Trouessart, Catalogus Mammalium r I, p. 111). Two specimens from Pisa, Italy, recently obtained by t he- United States National Museum differ noticeably from a pair of P. laxi- opteruz collected some years ago by Mr. P. L t Jouy at Fusan, Corea. They are distinctly larger (forearm, J\ 65, 9 68 > instead of (j\ 60, 9. 61), and the skull, in addition to its larger size (greatest length 22 instead, of 20.4), differs in its more tumid rostrum, broader anterior nares, and narrower interpterygoid space. The European animal which in all probability is specifically distinct from Ptcryyixtc* hixioptrr-tix should be- known as Pteryuixlc* ntn.fi unix (FulioV- (i ct'rit f>, M/'U/r. Jr. (General Wot. 157 A new subgenus for Lepus idahoensis. The small rabbit described by Merriam in 1891 (North American Fauna No. 5, p. 76) as Lepux idahoenxi* differs too widely from members of any of the recognized subgenera to be associated with them. It may therefore be regarded as the type of a new subgenus Brachylagus. The characters are as follows: Skull short and deep, the disproportionately large audital bullie and small rostrum (diastema shorter than orbit) pro ducing a strikingly immature effect; supraorbital processes shorter than toothrow, their extremities free; posterior prism of second lower pre- molar and first and second lower molars less than half as large as an terior; ears, legs, and tail short, the latter not perfectly formed. Gerrit 8. Miller, Jr. Antennaria solitaria near the District of Columbia. Although not included in recent works on the flora of the northeastern United States, Antennaria ,wlitaria is entitled to a place there. In May, 1899, I found the plant growing in dry, open, deciduous woods near the side of a road a mile or more east of Kensington, Montgomery Co., Maryland, well within the limits commonly assigned to the flora of the District of Columbia. It apparently occupies a small area only, though this year it has spread. The species has been recorded (as Antennaria plant a gini folia ft. monocephala) from the vicinity of 'Philadelphia, Pa., (Torrey and Gray, Fl. N. Am., II, p. 431) and there is every reason to expect its occurrence throughout the Austral zones of the eastern United States. Gerrit #. Miller, Jr. Batrachium hederaceum in America. Up to the present year, so far as I have been able to ascertain, Batra chium hederaceum (L.) S. F. Gray, has been credited to the following stations and collectors only: Virginia: Hampton ("Chesapeake City"), Ward, 1877, Vaaey, 1878; Norfolk, Ward, 1877, Muir; Dismal Swamp, Chickering, 1877 ; Virginia Reach, Britton & Small, 1893; Newfoundland: Bona Vista Bay, Oxborn, 1879; New Harbour, Waghorne, 1889 and 1890; Quiddy Viddy Lake, Robinxon & Schrenk, 1894. The first record by name of station of the introduction of this species from Europe is Dr. Watson's in the sixth edition of Gray's Manual, 1890. The second is Mr. ,T. M. Macoun's note (Bot. Gaz. 16: 285. 1891) on the plants collected by the Rev. A. C. Waghorne, assigning to them the record of being the first collected in Canada. If Mr. Macoun had access to the specimens distributed by Mr. H. L. Osborn, he did not give them the first Canadian credit because they were distributed under the name Ranunculus hyperboreus Pursh. Dr. Robinson in Gray's Synoptical Flora (Vol. I, Pt. 1, Fasc. 1; 22. 189.")) cites Mr. Muir in connection with the station given in the Manual and appends a foot-note naming the above collectors except Messrs. |.~),S Ward. Vasey and Kritton A: Small. From these omissions I infer that their collections were not published or widely distributed. Professor Ward tells me that when he and Dr. Morong were approach ing the "Chesapeake City" station, he remarked that "that is a regular ranunculaceous pool." So it proved, for, besides />. hfderaceum they collected Hntui<-ufnx puxiflu* and two other species. With these two limited areas for the adopted habitat of t his species it was a surprise to Mr. W. M. Pollock and myself, on May (>, 11)00, to find specimens bearing flowers and fruit, in a large swamp bordering the Patuxent River at the mouth of its Western Branch, practically at the head of navigation. There were two distinct patches of the plant, one rather badly cut up by the passage of teams over a temporary farm road. The patches were growing in standing water about two inches deep, over a thin deposit of humus upon compact marl. In Britton & Brown's Illustrated Flora (Vol. II; 84) the season of flow ering is given as "June to August." The plants cohectcd by Britton & Small were barely in flower on May 26. Professor Ward's specimens were barely in fruit on May 12. The plants from the new station were in full bloom and ripe fruit. These fruits probably could not have matured from flowers which were in anthesis later than the last week in ApriL With this collection, then, the range is increased and the known period of blossoming lengthened. Dr. Britton writes me that the habit of the plant at Virginia Beach has led him to expect it elsewhere along tide-water areas. We shall in terestedly await news of other stations. E. I,. J/^/v/.v, Dept. of Biology. Washington High Change of name. Baptisia confusa Pollard and Ball, nom. nov. B. Texana Pollard and Ball, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18:133. April <> r 1900. B. lanceolata texana Holzinger, Contr. U. S. Nat, Herb., 1:280. Oct. 31, 1893. Not B. Texana Buckley, Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila., 452. 1862. Through inadvertence, Mr. Holzinger's variety was elevated to specific rank in ignorance of the fact that the name Texana was applied many years ago by Buckley to another species. Our attention has been con siderately called to the error by Dr. B. L. Robinson. Charle* Lou in /V- ard, Carleton R. BalL VOL. XIII, PP. 159-162 OCTOBER 31, 1900 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A SECOND COLLECTION OF BATS FROM THE ISLAND OF CURAQAO.* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. Mr. Leon J. Guthrie, United States Weather Observer at Willemstad, Curasao, West Indies, has recently sent to the United States National Museum a second collection of bats pre served in formalin, f Three species are added to the known fauna of the island, though two of those previously obtained, Myotis nesopolus and Leptonycteris curasoce, are not represented. The number of bats recorded from Curacao is thus raised to "six, all of which are so far as known peculiar to the island. Glossophaga elongata Miller. Twenty-seven specimens, taken from caves and rock fissues in differ ent parts of the island, but chiefly from a large cave at Hatto, a country estate about thirty miles from Willemstad. Among the fifty-six in dividuals of this species examined four have the incisors noticeably de fective, while in only one of these are the teeth absent. This condition is in marked contrast with that recently observed by Dr. J. A. Allen in a series of thirty-four specimens of the closely allied Glossophaga longi- *Published here by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. fFor account of the first cqllection, see ProQ. Biol. Soc. Washington, xiii, pp. 123-127, April 6, 1900. 34 BIOL. Soc. WASH. VOL. XIII, 1900. (159) 160 Miller Second Collection of Bats from Curacao. rostris of Colombia. Here the incisors were absent in about one-third of the individuals, and the full set was present in less than one-half.* Mormoops intermedia sp. nov. Type adult female (in alcohol) No. 102,174 United States National Museum, collected in cave at Hatto, on north coast of Curacao, West Indies, April 29, 1900. Characters. Similar to the Mexican Mormoops megalophylla Peters, but smaller, the size intermediate between that of the two previously known species; colol- (at least in brown phase) slightly darker than in M. megalophylla. Color. Brown phase: entire dorsal surface sepia, the fur paler beneath the surface, and each hair tipped with light drab. The drab tips pro duce a distinct 'bloom' in certain lights. Underparts very pale yellow ish broccoli-brown, lightest on belly, flanks and pubic region, faintly darker across chest. Red phase: like brown phase but entire pelage suffused with cinnamon. Pale phase: light salmon-buff above and be low, becoming more red about shoulders and head. Ears and membranes dark brown in all three color phases. Individuals in the brown phase are the most frequent; those in the red phase are less often met with; while the pale phase is comparatively rare. Membranes, ears, and other external characters as in Mormoops mega lophylla. Skull and teeth. While the skull exactly resembles that of Mormoops megalophylla the teeth are distinguishable by the greater size and conse quent crowding of the upper premolars. The anterior premolar is dis tinctly broader than in M. megalophylla and it usually fills the entire space between canine and posterior premolar. The lower premolars are slightly larger than in the Mexican animal. Measurements. External measurements of type specimen: total length, 80; tail, 20; tibia, 20; foot, 9; calcar, 20; forearm, 48; thumb, 6.4; second digit, 45; third digit, 90; fourth digit, 6.6; fifth digit, 57; ear from meatus, 14; ear from crown, 9. Average of twenty topotypes: tail, 20.9 (18-22); forearm, 49.6 (48-51). f Specimens examined. One hundred and sixty-four from caves and rock crevices in all parts of the island. Remarks. Mormoops intermedia is readily distinguishable from M. megalophylla by its size and more crowded upper premolars. With the Jamaican M. blainmllii it needs no comparison. The color phases in this bat are very striking. Natalus tumidirostris sp. nov. Type adult male (in alcohol) No. 102,106 United States National Mu seum, collected in cave at Hatto, on north side of island of Curacao, West Indies, May 1, 1900. *Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., N, Y., xiii, p. 89, May 12, 1900. f Average of twenty specimens of M. megalophylla from Mirador, Vera Cruz, Mexico; tail, 27.8 (26-32); forearm, 54 (53-57). Miller Second Collection of Bats from Curasao, 161 Character*. Externally similar to Mexican specimens of Natalus stramineu* Gray, but fingers shorter and ears somewhat more pointed. Skull with braincase more abruptly elevated than in the Mexican species, and rostrum conspicuously inflated at sides. Teeth throughout larger than in N. stramineus, the lower premolars noticeably broadened. Color. Dorsal surface uniform cream-buff, the tips of the hairs grad ually darkening to pale drab; belly similar, but the buff slightly more tinged with yellow and the drab less apparent. Ears and membranes light brown. Ears. The ear is essentially as in N. *tram$neu8fb\Lt the point is dis tinctly longer and narrower. Membranes, feet, and other external characters as in N. stramineus. Skull. Though in general appearance, the skull of Natalus tumidiros- tris resembles that'of N. stramineus it is immediately distinguishable by the conspicuously swollen sides of the rostrum. The inflation involves the maxillary bones from anterior edge of orbit almost to nares, and from near edge of toothrow to nasals. As the nasals retain the normal form they appear to occupy the floor of a broad, shallow, longitudinal groove. In the type the braincase rises above the dorsal plane of the rostrum at an angle of 50, in a second specimen at an angle of 58. In two specimens of N. stramineus the angle is respectively 34 and 40. In both specimens of Natalus tumidirostris the bony palate terminates on each side at the plane of the postero-internal angle of the crown of the second molar. In the median line it is continued slightly further back along palatal face of vomer. The resulting form is strikingly different from that of the palate in other members of the genus. It is possible, however, that the palate is normal and that its peculiarity in the two specimens is the result of injury. As both skulls were cleaned by an experienced preparator there seems little probability that the palate was originally of the usual form. Teeth. The dentition is throughout heavier than in N. stramineus, and the form of the individual teeth differs in many important details. Canines and incisors as in N. stramineus. Relative size of upper pre molars as in N. stramineus, that is the crown area decreasing regularly from third to first, the latter equal to about one-half former, but cusp of first slightly longer than that of second. In each tooth the transverse diameter is greater relatively to the longitudinal diameter than in the Mexican animal. Upper molars broader than in N. stramineus, the posterior commissure of protocone of first and second distinctly marked by a rudimentary hypocone. The lower premolars and molars differ from those^of N. stramineus in greater breadth of crown, this character especially noticeable in the second and third premolars. Measurements. External measurements of type ((J) and paratype (?): total length, <$ 96, 9 94; tail, $ 47, 9 45; tibia, $ 18.4, 9 17.6; foot, cf 7, 98; forearm, ^ :: 36, 9 35; thumb, cT 5, 9 4.8; second digit, $ 35, 9 35; third digit, J 72, 9 69; fourth digit, $ 52, 9 50; fifth dig-it, $ 51, 9 49;, ear from meatus, $ 15.4, 9 15.4; ear from crown me Myrmecophaga afra was applied by Pallas (Miscellanea Zoolgica, p. 64, 1766) to the Aard Vark, as he calls the animal himself. As the description is as accurate as that of capensis Gmelin, it should unquestionably replace the latter. The combination should be Orycter- opus afra (Pallas). James A. G. Rehn. An older Name for the Ogotona. In 1776 Pallas (Reise, Th. iii, bd. 2, p. 692) applied the name Lepus davuricus to the Ogotona, and two years later he renamed the same animal Lepus ogotona (Nov. Sp. Glir., p. 65, 1778). As we should accept the older name, the combination would be Ochotona davuricux (Pallas). James A. G. Rehn. The proper Name of the Viscacha. In 1786 a German edition of Molina was published by Brandis, entitled 'Versuch einer Naturgeschichte von Chili'. On page 272 he applies the name Lepus viscacvica to 'La Viscacha' of Molina, and the descrip tion appended clearly shows that he had in view the same animal that Blainville called Dipii* maximv* in 1817. Mr. Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., General Notes. 167 who kindly examined a copy of Molina's 1776 edition for me, states that no binomial names are used in it. On this basis, the animal should be known as Vizcacia mscaccica (Brandis). James A. G. Rehn. An older Name for the Norway Rat. Erxleben ('Systema Regni Animalis', p. 381, 1777), applied the name Mus norvegicus to the rat which was named decwmanus by Pallas one year later; accordingly it should replace the latter name. James A. G. Rehn. On the recent Occurrence of the Black Rat in Boston, Massachusetts. Under date of July 11, 1900, Mr. Frank Blake Webster, of Hyde Park, Mass., wrote me as follows: "About a year ago, a young man who lived in Boston said there were black rats in a store there. We had him ob tain a specimen, which was mounted, and which we still have. During the many years that I have been engaged in business in the city of Bos ton I have never seen one". The specimen was sent to me and identified as Mus rattus by Doctor J. A. Allen and myself. Edgar A. Mearns. Note on Dipodomys Montanus Baird. Among the mammal types treasured in the collection of the United States National Museum is the type of Baird's Dipodomys montanns, originally described in the Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, in 1855, but figured and more fully elaborated in that author's Mammals of North America, published in 1857. This well- marked species proves on comparison to be strictly identical with Dipo domys elator Merriam, named and described in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washing-ton, in 1894, from specimens taken at Henrietta, Clay Co., Texas, about 450 miles southeast of Fort Massa chusetts. The synonomy of Dipodomys montanus will therefore be as follows: Dipodomys montanus Baird, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., April, 1855, p. 334 (Fort Massachusetts). Dipodomys ordii var. montanus Baird, Mamm. North America, 1857, pp. 410, 411, 757, 762, pi. Ixxxiii, fig. 4, a, b, c (teeth of type- No. -WV"' a youngish adult). Type collected by Captain E. G. Beckwith, near Fort Massachusetts ("N. M. On head of Rio Grande, in San Luis valley. Altitude, 8,365 feet. Latitude, 37 32 7 ; longitude, 105 23' "). Dipodomys elator Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. ix, p. 109, June 21, 1894 (type from Henrietta, Clay Co., Texas). Edgar A. Mearns, 108 General Notes. Remarks on an unusually large Marine Lobster caught off Newport, Rhode Island. I am indebted to Mr, Charles E. Ash, of Newport, for the opportunity of examining a lobster of unusually large size, taken off the island of Rhode Island, June 16, 1900, by a fisherman who was trawling for cod, using a line to which many hooks were attached. Lobster-pots are too small for the capture of very large lobsters. This one weighed 27 pounds, and ranks with the largest examples of its species. The crush ing claw is on the left side. This lobster is normal and perfect in all its parts. In the Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., (Vol XII, pages 191-194, plate IX, published December 30, 1899), Professor R. P. Whitfield published a description and measure ments of two phenomenally large lobsters, captured off Atlantic High.- lands, New Jersey, during the spring of 1897. For convenience of com parison, I have followed the measurements of these two specimens, as taken by Doctor E. O. Hovey of the American Museum, presenting those of the present specimen in the third column (No. 3), Nos. 1 and 2 being those from New Jersey. MEASUREMENTS OP THREE LARGE LOBSTERS. No. 1. No. 2. No.3, mm. mm. mm. Length of carapace, including rostrum, along median line, .- 257 280 270 Circumference of carapace behind second pair of legs, 208 486 493 Length of abdomen to point of telson 300 311 310 Breadth of tail, 230 223 270 Large chelate limbs: right side, length of first two joints... 160 165 186 " "third joint 120 122 116 ". " fourth joint 360 365 370 " " thumb 145 201 198 circumference of third joint 236 248 215 " circumference of fourth joint 442 348 310 " length of whole limb... .. 570 610 525 left side, length of first two joints 171 183 186 " " third joint 118 124 109 " fourth joint 360 375 360 " thumb 198 155 162 " whole limb 580 615 523 " circumference of third joint 237 263 255 circumference of fourth joint 339 491 425 Entire length as mounted ... 9201005 960 (j( nf^ral Notes. 169 "Length of antenna 1 exceeds 400 mm." "The right limb bears the crushing claw in No. 1, but the left limb bears it in No. 2. The weight of No. 1 when caught was said to be 31 pounds; that of No. 2 was said to be 34 pounds." In No. 3 (from Newport), the antenme measured 550 mm. in length. Distance from rostrum to end of tail, 555. Greatest expanse of chelate limbs, 1025. Mr. Charles E. Ash has presented this specimen to the United States National Museum, at Washington. Edgar A. Mearnx. A new southern Violet.* Viola Alabamensis Pollard, n. sp. Acaulescent, of dwarf and spreading habit, from slender nearly ver tical rootstocks; leaves small, sparingly hirsute, the blade cordate, sub- orbicular, 1.5 to 2 cm. in length, the slender petiole as long or twice as long; flowering scapes greatly exceeding the foliage (7 to 8 cm. long) the flower purple, 2.5 cm. in diameter; petals broadly oblong, the margins obscurely erose or fimbriate; sepals small, ovate-lanceolate; cleistoga- mous flowers and fruit not observed. Type in the herbarium of Dr. Charles Mohr, collected by Dr. Denny at Sucksville, Washington County, Alabama, in 1852. Specimens col lected by Dr. Mohr himself at Cullman, Alabama, March 22, 1889, are obviously also to be referred here. The habitat is stated by Dr. Mohr to be "dry open copses" and the plant is evidently confined to the upland portions of the state. Though related to V. villoxa Walt., and V. Caro lina Greene it suggests neither in habit or floral characters. Charles ix Pollard. The correct name for the .eastern form of the Fox Squirrel ( tfciurus ludoc'icia n u *) . In the Annals and Magazine of Natural History for 1867 (3d ser., xx, p. 425), Dr. J. E. Gray described Macroxus neglectus based on the skin of a female in the British Museum. The habitat was given as 'North Amer ica?' and Dr. Gray added to the imperfect description the remarks that it was 'A heavy animal as large as Sc. milpinus and Se. cinereus, very like the latter,' &c. While preparing my 'Revision of the Squirrels of Mexico and Central ^Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu tion. 170 America, 1 I found it necessary in several cases to apply to .Mi'. Oldfiehl Thomas of the British Museum for information concerning (he speci mens Gray had in hand when preparing his brief descriptions. Mr. Thomas very kindly looked up Gray's types and gave me exactly the in formation necessary to settle the status of various species. Among others I asked about Gray's MacrcTua neglectus and Mr. Thomas wrote that the type of this species (No. 44.5.29.9 of the British Museum regis ter) is a common fox squirrel of the cinerev* type and is entered as hav ing been collected at Wilmington, Delaware, by H. Doubleday. Mr. Thomas adds that 'Gray did not trouble to look out the locality in the register' and thus accounts for the indefinite locality given. In Mr. O. Bangs' 'Review of Squirrels of Eastern North America' 2 the fox squirrel of the northeastern United States is described as tfciuru* ludovicianux mcinux with the type from White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Gray's Ifacroxu* negUctua came from the midst of the range given by Mr. Bangs for his & I. vicinux and it follows therefore that the. fox squirrels from Northern Virginia to Southern New York and New England should be called 8ciurus ludovicianu* neglectus (Gray). E. W. Nelson. *Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., I, pp. 15-10(5, 1899. 2 Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, X, 150 (Dec. 28, 189(5). VOL. XIII, PP. 171-182 OCTOBER 31, 1900 PROCEEDINGS or THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON SOME PLANTS OF WEST VIRGINIA. BY E. L. MORRIS. During July and August, 1900, in company with Messrs. Hay, Holt, Miller, Roller and Sterrett, of the United States Fish Commission, to whose aid he is indebted in no small de gree, the writer botanized a little in that part of West Virginia which is south of the Greenbrier, New and Kanawha Rivers and east of a northeast and southwest line bisecting the state lengthwise. This portion of West Virginia comprises Sum mers, Monroe, Mercer, McDowell, Wyoming and Raleigh Counties, given in the order of travel. The nature of these counties is very mountainous, though no very high altitudes are reached, the extremes of the points visited being 975 feet at laeger, McDowell County, and 3700 feet on East River Moun tain, between Mercer County, West Virginia, and Bland Coun ty, Virginia, while there are points reaching slightly over 4100 feet. Though the larger rivers trend in a westerly or north westerly direction there are no definite chains of mountains in these counties extending for more than a few miles, their ranges being abruptly cut off by river tributaries of all sizes. These small streams flow from all directions through such short and deep valleys that the whole country is choppy. The advantage to the botanist therefrom is the abundance of variety in the di- 37-BioL. Soc. WASH. VOL. XIII, 1900. (171) 172 Morris Some' JVimt* <>f in.s-f rection of surface exposure, of springs and small streams, of sandstone and limestone cliff and talus formations, of vast forest tracts not until the present falling to the axe, and of oc casional stretches, narrow to be sure, of bottomland along the larger streams. The great impression is that of many mountains for the most part well timbered. The impression from minute characters is that there is a constant supply of moisture. Al though the Summer of 1900 was so dry that many springs and streams reputed to be constant went dry, the mountains not yet deforested were covered with a rich, moist humus; the rocks were hidden under mosses and lichens till the surface looked like a vast tapestry; the fields and open hillsides, exposed to the sun, supported everywhere between the stems and roots of higher plants a filling of mosses and liverworts* These condi tions are traceable to the nightly enveloping of every summit and the filling of every valley with clouds. In making the following records and collections, the writer practically was limited by other requirements to the country immediately adjacent to the roads traversed from camp to camp, along a few of the streams, and to only three summits of moun tains. Mr. Wm. R. Maxon of the National Herbarium has kindly determined and described as new a subspecies of Poly- podium. The object of publishing this ^ list, containing forty-seven species unreported from West Virginia, and two new sub species is to show the need of very active collecting in the ex treme southern part of the State to approximately complete the knowledge of its flora.* Thallophyta. Myxomycetes. CERATIOMYXA FRUTICULOSA (Muell.) MacB. (Determined by O. F. Cook.) Along Delashmeet Creek, Mercer County, altitude 2090 feet. July 25, 1900 (Morris, 946). PHYBARUM RUFIPES (A. & S.)Morgan. (Determined by O. F. Cook.) Along Tugg Creek, Hinton, Summers County, July 10, 1900 (Morris, 945). *Consult Millspaugh and Nuttall, Field Columbian Museum Publica tion 9. Bot. Ser. i, 2 (Flora of West Virginia), 1S9<>. Morris Sonx' rionts of West Virginia. 173 STKMOMTIS SMITHII MacB. (Determined by MacHride.) As the first (Morris, 940). LVCOGALA CONICUM Pers. (Determined by (). F. Cook.) As above (Morris, 947). Lycoperdaceae. GUASTKK HYCHOMKTRKTS PerS. Along Horsepen Creek, McDowell County, July 30- August 1, 1900 (Morris, llOoa). Ascomycetes. DlMKKOSPOKIUM COLLINSII (S.) Tlltim. On Carpinus Caroliniana, Kegley, Mercer County, July 27, 1900 (Morris, 1078). Discolichenes. CLADONIA SYLVKSTRI* L. On the mountain between Barrenshe Creek and Dry Fork, McDowell County, altitude 1700 feet, August 6, 1900 (Morris, 1163). Bryophyta. Jungermanniaceae. (Determined by M. A. Howe.) LEJEUNKA LUCENS Tayl. On dripping limestone along Horsepen Creek between McDowell County, West Virginia, and Tazewell County, Virginia, alti tude 1850 feet, July 31, 1900 (Morris, 111Gb). Anthoceraceae. ANTHOCEROS LAEVIS L. On dripping limestone along the Guyandot River below Baileys- ville, Wyoming County, altitude 1200 feet, August 15, 1900 (Morris, 1221). Bryaceae. (Determined by Mrs. E. G. Britton.) DICKANUM DHUMMONDII Muell. On the mountain between Barrenshe Creek and Dry 'Fork, Mc Dowell County, altitude 1700 feet, August G, 1900 (Morn*. 11G5). BRYUM ROSEUM Schreb. Along Horsepen Creek, McDowell County, July 31, 1900 (Mor- m. 1119). POGONATUM BREVICAULE BeauV. North slopes on Road Run, Wyoming County, August 12, 1900 (Morris, 1176). RHYNCHOSTEGIUM RUSCIFORME B. & S. See under Bryum roseum (Morris, 1117). 174 J/M/V/N Some P1nt* <>f W<-nt Pteridophyta. Polypodiaceae. Polypodium vulgare oreophilum Maxon, subsp. nov.* Rhizoma slender, extensively creeping, covered thickly with spreading chaff; stipe 5 to 8 inches long, greenish to si ra- mineous; laminae very dark green above, lighter below, 7 to 11 inches long, 2|- to 4 inches broad; pinnae distant from once to twice their width, broadest in the middle and tapering to an acute apex, the margin doubly crenate or occasionally nearly entire, the base broadly decurrent, veins sinuous and promi- inent in drying, the veinlets usually forking twice; tip of lamina long acuminate, as in P. falcatum; sori very large, often irregularly disposed. Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution, collected by E. L. Morris, No. 1215, on rocks, along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming County, W. Va., alt, 1100-1250 feet, August 13-19, 1900. This fern has already been briefly characterized! by Dr. Millspaugh as Polypodium vulgare, forma Userrata (sic). The name Userratum being al ready preoccupied by a Mexican fern:}: it becomes necessary, in referring to the West Virginian plant, to substitute a new name. In addition I would refer here Mr. Morris' 1207 col lected near the type station; also Pollard & Maxon's No. 25, collected Aug. 21, 1899, at Quinnimont, W. Va., which I have previously ref erred | tentatively to the variety acutum Moore. From acutum it differs in the narrower and more spatulate pinnae, and commonly in the double crenation, far acutum is normally with entire, or at most slightly serrulate, pinnae. Mr. Morris states that typical vulgare was common in the gen eral region; from this it differs in its much greater size, its scantier foliage, and in the shape of the pinnae. There are in the National Herbarium at least two specimens, collected in West Virginia and North Carolina, which with plants col lected at Great Falls, Fairfax County, Va., by William Palmer, are to be regarded as intermediate with typical vulgare. Be cause of these it does not seem best to regard oreopliilum as entitled to specific rank. Selaginellaceae. SELAGINELLA APUS (L.) Spring. In a luxuriant mass among the grass and shrubs along the edge *Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu tion. fBull. 24, W. Va. Exp. Sta., p. 479. 1892. \Polypodium Userratum M. & G. Mem. Foug. Mex. p. 38. 1843, || Fern Bull. 8: 58. 1900. Moore, Nat. Pr. Brit. Ferns, i: 63, pi. II, fig. a, 1859, Morris Some Plants of West Virginia. 175 of an island in the Bluestone River, opposite Delashmeet Creek, Mercer County, altitude 2080 feet, July 27, 1000 (Mor ris, 1061). Spermatophy ta . Pinaceae. Tsuga Canadensis (L.) Carr. This species with Fagus Americana, Quercus nigra and Quercus alba form the body of the mountain forests. Naiadaceae. POTAMOGETON PECTiNATUS L. (Determined by F. V. Coville.) Forming large masses on the bars of the Greenbrier River at Talcott, Summers County, altitude 1490 feet, August 24, 1900 (Morris, 1342). Vallisneriaceae. VALLISNERIA SPIRALJS L. Among the pond weeds in the Greenbrier River at Talcott, Sum mers County, altitude 1490 feet, August 24, 1900 (Morris, 1341). Gramineae. (Determined by Messrs. Ball and Merrill.) PASPALUM LAEVE PILOSUM cribn. Along Horse and Hound Creeks, near Baileysville, Wyoming County, altitude 1100-1200 feet, August 20, 1900 (Morris, 1284). PANICUM ELONGATUM Pursh. At the edge of thickets along Horse and Hound Creeks, near Baileysville, Wyoming County, altitude 1100-1200 feet, August 20, 1900 (Morris, 1277). PANICUM COMMUTATUM Schult. In a woodland near Bargers Spring, Summers County, altitude 1500 feet, July 13, 1900 (Morris, 977). PANICUM POLYANTHES Schult. Shaded banks of the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wy oming County, altitude 1100 feet, August 13, 1900 (Morris, 1186). PANICUM NITIDUM Lam. Along the edge of a meadow at Bargers Spring, Summers Coun ty, altitude 1500 feet, July 13, 1900 (Morris, 984). PANICUM BAKBULATUM Michx. Along Dry Fork above Perryville, McDowell County, altitude 1200-1300 feet, August 4, 1900 (Morris, 1139); along the Guy andot River below Baileysville, Wyoming County, altitude 1100 feet, August 13, 1900 (Morris, 1193). AGROSTIS CANINA L. On shaded banks of the Guyandot Eiver below Baileysville, 176 Morris $ame Plant* of West Virijinhi. Wyoming County, altitude 1100 feet, August 13, 1900 1197). AGROSTIS CAPILLARIS L. As the preceding (1197a). Cyperaceae. CYPERUS RETROFRACTUS (L.) Torr. Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming County, altitude 1100 feet, August 18, 1900 (Morris, 123Ga). CYPERUS FILICULMIS Vahl. As the preceding, August 19, 1900 (Morris, 1207). CARBX UTRICULATA Boott. In a meadow at Bargers Spring, Summers County, altitude 1500 feet, July 13, 1900 (Morris, 995). Melanthaceae. UVULARIA GRANDIFLORA J. E. Smith. On a north slope in rich woods along Horsepen Creek between McDowell County, West Virginia, and Tazewell County, Vir ginia, altitude 1900 feet, July 31, 1900 (Morris, 1110). Betulaceae. Betula nigra L. A tree 14' 2i x/ in circumference was measured near. Bargers Spring, Summers County. Fagaceae. Fagus Americana Sweet. (See under Tsuga Canadensis.) Castanea pumila (L.) Mill. A remarkably spreading and symmetrical individual was ob served in a pasture at Bargers Spring, Summers County. Quercus nigra L. (See under Tsuga Canadensix.} Quercus alba L. (See under Tsuga Canadensis.) Aristolochiaceae. ASARUM SHUTTLEWORTHII Britten & Baker f . (Determined by C. L. Pollard.) In oak and beech woods near Bargers Spring, Summers County, altitude 1550 feet, July 13, 1900 (Morris, 980). Polygonaceae. POLYGONUM CRIST ATUM Engelm. & Gray. Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming County altitude 1100-1250 feet, August 19, 1900 (Morris, 1255). Morris Some Plants of West Vir0). ASTKI; CLAYTONI Burgess. Along rocky banks east of Oceana, Wyoming Couniy, altilude 1300 feet, August 22, 1900 (Mn'i*. l:>4a). ASTER SAGITTIFOLIU8 Willd. On dry banks between Piney, Raleigh Couniy, and. Jumping Branch, Summers County, altitude 2200-3100 i'eet, August 21, 1900 (Morris, 1338). GIFOLA GEKMANICA (L.) Dumort. A*long the road north of Athens, Mercer Couniy. altilude 2.~>00 feet, July 18, 1900 (Morru, 1034). In preparing this paper the arrangement of the Myxomyc< tcs is according to McBride; the remaining Tlialloph ytes according to Engler & Prantl; the hepatic Bryophytes according to Alills- paugh & Nuttall; the true mosses according to Lesquereux & James; the Pteridophytes and Sperniato}>liytes according to Britton & Brown. Strong heliotropic movements were observed almost daily in various species of Oxalis, in Cercis Canadensix, Ti'<>f<>IitWj//v/ tiberti eoncolor * My attention has recently been called to the fact that an Asiatic squirrel was given the specific name eoncolor by Blyth in 1855. f In order to prevent confusion I would propose that the sub-specific name of the American animal be changed toferreus. F. W. True. The proper name of the Viscacha. In 1897 Dr. T. S. Palmer (Science, X. S., VI, No. 131, pp. 21, 22, July 2, 1897) called attention to the fact that the then current generic name of the Viscacha, Lagoztomus Brookes (1828) was antedated by Vfacaria Schinz (circa 1825), and that the specific name trichodactylus Brookes (1828) was antedated by maximus (Dipiis maximus Desmarest, ex Blain- ville, Ms., 1817,) and therefore claimed that the proper name of the Viscacha was " Vizcacia maxima (Blainmlle)." Recently Mr. James A. G. Rehn (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XIII, p. 166, Oct. 31, 1900) states that the specific name maxima is antedated by Lepus viscaccica Brandis ( Ver- *Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, 1894, Xo. 999, pp. (advance sheet issued April 26, 1894). fJour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, new series, 24, Xo. 5, 1855, p. 474, foot note. 38 BIOL. Soc. WASH. VOL. XIII, 1900. (183) 184 (wt-urrttJ Xnt<. such einer Naturgeschichte von Chili, 17.86, p. 272), overlooking the fact that this latter name originated with Molina, it appearing in the first (1782) edition of his 'Saggio sulla Storia Natural e del Chili,' p. :U2, as Lepus mscacia. The name of the Yiscacha should therefore be Vizi-ttcia rixcncin (Molina). The authority for the specific name is hence Molina and not Brandis, and the name itself takes the form vwcaria instead of viscaccica. J. A. Allen. A new Helianthus from Florida.* Helianthus agrestis Pollard, n. sp. Annual, rather freely branching, about one meter in height; stem many-striate or even sulcate, for the most part quite glabrous; pedun cles slender, 1 -flowered, hoary-pubescent near the heads, the pubescence gradually thinning below to a few scattered hairs; lower cauline leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 1.5 dm. long, tapering below to a short margined petiole, the margins remotely denticulate, hispid with short bristly hairs; blade with a prominent central nerve and two laterals springing from some distance above the base, both surfaces glabrous except along the primary nerve beneath; heads 5 to 6 cm. in diameter, the rays about 10 to 12, bright orange-yellow; involucral bracts lanceolate, attenuate, slightly scabrous, the margins sparsely ciliate; achenes narrowly oblong. Type in the United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institu tion, (sheets Nos. 370175 and 370176) collected on shelly land between Lake Beresford and the St. Johns River, Volusia County, Florida, .July 12, 1900, by A. H. Curtiss, The collector observes that the plant is ten der and rather succulent, an unusual character among the species of Helianthus. The new species had been previously collected by A. P. Garber in Levy and Manatee Counties in 1877. Mr. Merritt L. Fernald, of the Gray Herbarium, who had independently reached the conclusion that the plant was undescribed, courteously placed at my disposal the notes he had prepared, from which I quote the following: "Mr. Garber's plant was included by Dr. Gray in his If. Floridamw, but it is very dis tinct from that perennial species, which must rest upon Palmer's plant No. 283 of the 1874 collection, first cited by Dr. Gray, a plant well matched by other specimens from Chapman and Curtiss, No. 1437."- Charles Louis Pollard. *Published by permission of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu tion. VOL. XIII, PP. 185-186 DECEMBER 21. 1900 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON A NEW MOUSE DEER FROM LOWER SIAM.* BY GERRIT S. MILLER, JR. The largo Tr-' Miller Mammals from Lnnlciri an"tnnt>inacilica 19 t!i;ra 20 rainier] 21 rufa 20 Apocynum album 88 androsaemifolium 82 cannabinum 86 glaberrimum 86, 88 incanum . 82 medium 84 neiuorale 87 pubescens 86 speciosum 83 urceolifer 85 Arabis arcuata 115 Aramides axillaris 92 Arctodus pristinus 54 Arctostaphylos acuta 114 bicolor 115 pumila....' 115 Page Arctotherium simum 54 Arizostus 71 Aromia tenuifolia 120 Arremonpps caneus 103 conirostris 104 rutivirgata 29 s ina I o.i < 28 sumichrasti 29 venezuelensis, 104 Artemisia abrotanoides 117 californica 115, 117 foliosa 117 Asarum shuttleworthii 176 Ashmead, W. H. : Exhibition of Chi- rodamus ix Asplenium fllix-foemina 69 pectin atum 181 platyneuron 69 Aster claytoni 180 novae-angliae 182 sagittifolius 180 Astragalus leucopsis 116 tricopodus 116 Atalapha pfeifferi 155, 165 Atticora cyanoleuca 105 Aulacoramphus lautus 92 Automolus rufipectus 99 Baeria anthemoides 121 aristata 121 gracilis 117 mutica 121 tenella' 117 Bahia trifida 117 Bailey, Vernon: Protective colora tion in Ochotona ix The Great Dismal Swamp x Where the grebe skins come from xv Ball, C. R. and C. L. Pollard: New or noteworthy Louisiana plants, 133-135 Bangs, Outram: New Oryzomys from Colombia ;....9-10 The Florida Puma . 15-17 New or rare birds from Co lombia 91-108 Baptisia coiifusa 158 laevicaulis 134 lanceolata 133 texana 133 Barringtonia speciosa, exhibition of xiii Basileuterus cautlatus 29 jouyi 29 Batrachium hederaceum 157 Betula nigra 176 Bidens melanocarpa 182 Blepharipappus carnosus 121 elegans 118 platyglossus : 118 Blephilia ciliata 179 Botrychium obliquum 63 ISi-iirli.vI.-iU'im 157 Bryum roseum 173 Buarremon basilicus 104 ) BIOL. Soc. WASH. VOL. XIII, 1900. (201) 202 The Biological Society of Washington. Page Burrielia hirsuta 117 longifolia 117 parviflora 117 Byblis serrata 47 Cabassous centralis 72 hispidus 72 loricatus 72 lugubris 72 uniciuctus 72 Cachicamus 72 Calandrinia maritima. 118 Callipeplafulvipectus 25 Calycadenia tenella Campanula divaricata Cardinalis afliiiis igaeus 121 179 superbus ................................... 28 Carduus occidentals ......................... 117 Carex utriculata ................................ 176 Carica papaya .................................... xvi Carpodacus ruberrimus ..................... 25 Castanea pumila ................................ 176 Catamenia analoides ........................ 102 Catharusfulvesceus ........................... 31 fuscater ..................................... 108 olivaMCens .............................. 31 Ceanothus divaricatus ...................... Ii7 hirsutus ..................................... 117 macrocarpus ............................. 117 oliganthus ................................. 117 rigidus ...................................... 114 spinosus ......... i ........................... 117 verrucosus....." ........................... 119 Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa ................... 172 Cercis canadensis .............................. 180 Cercocarpus betuloides ..................... 11 Cereus californicus ............................ 119 Cervus lobatus ............. . ..................... 57 Chamaea fasciata ................................ 41 henshawi ................................... 41 phsea ....................................... 42 Chaenactis tenuifolia ......................... 120 Cheiranthus capitatus ....................... 114 Chesnut, V. K. : Exhibition of pho tographs and fruits of Umbellu- laria californica ............................ ix Catalogue of plants poison ous to stock .............................. xii Acorns as food ...................... xviii Chirodamus, Exhibition of ............... ix Chlororierpes uropygialis ................. 93 Chlorophonia frontalis ...................... 104 Chrysopsis gossypina ........................ 131 latisquamea ....................... '.. 131 pilosa ....................................... 131 sessiliflora ................................ 117 Cinclodes albidiventris ..................... 9 Cinclus leucocephalus ....................... 105 leuconotus ................................. 105 rivularia ................................. 105 Cladonia sylvestris ............................ 173 Cladosporium corynitrichum ............ 180 Clasterisporium sigmoideum ............ 181 Clematis lasiantha ............................. 119 parviflora ................................. 11 pauciflora .................................. 119 Cobaea scandens ................................. x Cneoridium dumosum ....................... 119 Cockerell, T.. D. A.: Faunae and Faunulae of New Mexico ............ xi Conirostrum rufum ........................... 105 Conopophaga browni ...................... 100 Cook, O. F. ; Habits of African ter mites ............................................. xi Mangrove growing on dry land xvi Page Cotyledon edulis 119 lanceolata 119 pulverulenta 119 Coville, F. V.: The Great Dismal Swamp x Exhibition of lichen covered cones of Pinus attenuata xiv Explorations of Thomas Nut- tall in California xiii, 109-121 Bibes mescalerium, a new cur rant 195-198 Crataegus Browni 181 Cryptopleura californica 118 Cuscuta arvensis 178 Cyclopes 72 Cyclothurus 72 Cyperus filiculmis 176 retrofractus , 176 Cytispora tumulosa 181 Cytisporella carnea 181 Daniel, J. W., Jr.: Zoological col lecting in Cuba xv Dall. VV. H.: Honolulu and the Ha waiian Islands xiii Exhibition of Barringtonia speciosa xiii Discovery of fossil coral reef in Georgia xix Abnormal Chiton from Cali fornia xix Dasypus gymnurus 4 hispidus... 5 novemcinctus 72 octodecimcinctus 72 septemcinctus 72 sexcinctus 72 tricinctus.. 72 unicinctus 71 Deinandra fasciculata 118 Delphinapterus 24 Delphinus bidentatus 24 desmarestii 24 peronii 24 phocaenoides 23 tursio 24 Dendrocincla anguina 100 Dentaria integrifolia 114 De Schweinitz, E. A.: Practical working of serum treatment of swine x Dewey, JL. H. : Frost flowers xiv Some foreign varieties of cot ton xviii Deweya arguta 120 Dichaeta tenella 117 Dicranium drummondi 173 Didactyles 72 Dimerosporium collinsii 173 Dipetalia subulata 115 Diplodia paraphysata : 181 Dipodomys elator 167 montanus 167 Dipus maximus 166, 183 Dolomys 154 Drepanolobus lanatus 114 Drymophila caudata 100 Dryopteris celsa 65 clintoniana 65 cristata 65 floridana 65 goldieana 65 marginalis 68 noveboracensis 64 spinulosa 68 thelypteris 64 Index. 203 Page Dryoryx 73 Dysmicodon californicum 117 Echeveria lanceolata 119 pulverulenta 119 Echinocactusviridescens 120 Ellimia ruderalis 115 Emballonura peninsularis 193 Encelia californica 117 Encoubertus 72 Erigeron foliosus 117 glaucus 117 hispidus 117 Eriophyllum trifidum 117 Erysimum grandiflorum 114 Eupatorium purpureum 180 Euphractus 72 Euryptera lucida 120 Eurypterna 72 Euscarthmus granadensis 96 Evans, Walter: Trifoliate and tri partite grape leaves xiii, xiv Evermann, B. W.: Lake Maxinkuc- kee xiii Concerning species and sub species xvi Papaw occurring in Porto Rico xvi Colored illustrations of fishes of Porto Rico xvii Evotomys 154 Fagus americana 175 Falco ruflgularis 92 Felis concolor 15 coryi 15 floridana 15. hippolestes 15 oregonensis 16 Fisher, A. K.: The Great Dismal Swamp Franseria pumila Fusarium aleurinum oxydendri Fusicoccum nervicolum.... x 120 181 181 181 G Galeopithecus volans 193 Qalium nuttallii 120 suffruticosum 120 Gardner, P. G.: Soils of Dismal Dis mal Swamp x Exhibition of oolitic sand from Salt Lake xvii Geaster hygrometricus 173 GentianacHrina 130 coimectens 131 decora 131 elliottii 131 wrightii 130 Geothlypis Philadelphia 105 Gerbillus arenicolor 163 przewalskii 163 Geum flavum 178 Gifola germanica 180 Gilbert, G. K.: Submerged forests of Columbia River xiii New term for sum of local fauna and flora xiv Glossophaga eloiigata 124, 159 longirostris 124.159 Godetia epilobioides 120 Page Gnaphalium erubescens 117 ramosissimum 117 Grindelia cuneifolia 117 robusta 118 Gypagus papa 92 H Hapalocercus acutipennis 96 fulviceps 96 paulus 96 Haplospiza nlvaria 102 unicolor 103 uniformis 103 Hartmannia glomerata 118 Hay, O. P.: Census of fossil verte brates xii Chronological distribution of Elasmobranchs xiv Hay, W. P.: Exhibition of Branchi- pus serratus xvii Heleodytes gularis 30 t rid u I ii 30 Helianthemum scoparium 114 Helianthus agrestis 184 floridanus 184 Heliochera rubrocristata 98 Helminthophilapiaus 105 Helminthosporhim fusiforme 181 Hetherotheca grandiflora 118 Hieracium argutum 118 Hill. R. T. : Natural aspects of Porto Rico Hosackia crassifolia 116 diffusa 116 maritima 116 micranthus 114 ochroleuca 116 prostratus 116 rubescens 119 scoparia 116 strigosa 114 Howard, L. O. : Insect fauna of hu man excrement xiii New illustrations of insects.xyii Insects affecting cotton xix The malaria mosquitos xix Hyla carolinensis 75 cinerea 76 evittata 76 nerea pickeringii Hylocichla swainsoni 78 107 Impatiens aurea 180 Isocoma vernonioides 118 Isomeris arborea 119 James. Henry: Recent progress in forestry xix Judd. Sylvester D.: Birds killed by Washington monument May 12, 1899 xii Feeding experiments with captive birds xvii Eye of Byblis serrata 47-51 Kains, M. C.: Electric light in cul ture of Easter lilies.. 204 Biological of Washington. Page Kearney, T. H.: Flora of D.smal Swamp x Kueiffla longipedicellata 182 Lafresnaya gayi 94 Lasiurus blossevillii 155, 105 pfeifferi 105 Lathyrus strictus 119 vestitus 119 Lee idea xvi Legonzia biflora 117 Lejeunea luceus 173 Lepidium lasiocarpum 115 menziesii 114 nitidum 115 Lepidum californicum 114 Leptonycteris curasoae 126, 159 nivalis 126 Leptosyne californica 121 douglasii 121 maritima 121 Leptotaenia californica 117 Lepus arcticus 39 bangs! 39 davuricus 1(56 idahoensis 157 labradorius :.* 39 ogotona 166 viscacia 184 viscaccica 166, 183 Leucorhamphus 24 Leucoseris saxatilis , 118 tenuifolia 118 Leucuria phalerata .. 93 Lichonycteris obscurus 156 Lissodelphis peronii 24 Lithophragma cymbalaria 115 Loeflingia squairosa 118 Loew, Oscar: "Fermentation of to bacco xi Function of mineral sub stances in organisms xii Chemical and biological prop erties of protoplasm xviii Lolium italicum 181 Lotus benthami 119 glaber 116 Lotus grandiflorus 110 hamatus 114 nudiflorus 114 nuttallianus 116 salsuginosus 110 stringosus 114 tormentosus 114 Lucas, F. A.: Mental traits of Fur seal xi Letter on Concilium Bibli- ographicum, etc xiii Blue fox trapping on ihe Pribilofs xiv Bifurcation of. fourth rib in animals xv Tusks of the mammoth xvii Buffalo fish with no mouth xviii, xix Mastodon bones at Kimms- wick, Missouri xix Exhibition of fractured skull of garpike xx Lupinus psoraleoldes 129 truncatus 119 Lutra barang 192 Lycogala conicum 173 Lyon, M. W. : On Venezuelan zoolo gy ,. xix Lysiurus 71 M Page Macroxus neglectus 109 Madaroglossa angustifolia 118 carnosa 121 elegans 118 hirsuta 118 Magnolia fraseri 180 grandittora x tripetala 177 Malaoomeris incanus 121 Malacothrix incana 121 saxatilis 118 tenuifolia 118 Malva fasciculata 117 Malvastrum fasciculatam 117 Manis pentadactyla 73 Marlatt, C. L. : New nomenclature of broods of periodical Cicada... ix Maxon, W. R.: Bifurcation inflight feather of peacock xv Polypodium htsperium, a new fern 199 Mearns. E. A. : Black rat in Boston 107 On Dipodomys montanus 167 On a large lobster 108 Meehania cordata 182 Meibomia dillenii 178 pauciflora 178 Merriam, C. Hart: Fauna and flora of Mt. Shasta contrasted with that of Sierras and Cascades xii Six new rodents 19-21 Two new mammals from Cal ifornia 151-152 New harvest mouse from Mexico 152 Merula cacozela 107 fusa 107 incompta 108 miriuscula 108 olivatra 107 Merulaxis analis 102 Metallura districta 94 smaragdinicollis 95 tyrianthina 95 Micronycteris behnii 154 brachyotis 154 microtis 154 Micropus angustifolius 118 californicus 118 Microseris linearifolia 121 lindleyi 121 Microcerculus marginatus 107 Microtus abbreviatus 13 arvalis 11. 13 kadiacensis : 11, 13 kamtschaticus ....11, 13 tshuktshorum 11 Mictomys innuitus 43 Miller, G. S. Jr. : On the naked-tailed armadillos 1-8 New vole from eastern Sibe ria 11-12 New vole from Hall Island. .13-14 New bats from West Indies. 33-37 New hare from Labrador 39-40 New fossil bear from Ohio. ..53-50 New moose from Alaska 57-59 New tree frog from District of Columbia 75-78 Dogbanes of District of Co lumbia 79-90 New bats from Curacao.. ..123-127 New rats from Siam 137-150 Vespertilio concinnus of H. Al len 154 Evotomys vs. Anaptogonia 154 Index. 205 Micronycteris brachyotis and M. microtis 154 Name of Cuban red bat 155 On Vexpertilio blythii 155 On Scotophilus pachyomus 155 Lichonycteris iu. South Amer ica 156 Name of noctule bat of Eu rope 156 New subgenus for Lepus ida- hoensis 157 Antennaria solitaria near Dis trict of Columbia 157 Bats from Curacao 159-162 New gerbille from Turkes tan 163-164 New mouse deer from Siam 185-186 Mammals from East Indies 187-193 Millspaugh, C. F. : Plants new to West Virginia 180-182 Molossus obscurus 162 pygmreus 162 Mormoops blainvillii 160 intermedia 160 megalophylla 160,166 Morris, E. L. : Plants referred to Plantago patagonica xv Batrachium hederaceitm in America 157-158 Some plants of West Vir ginia 171-180 Mus alexandrinus 137 asper 145 bowersi 141 butangensis 190 cremoriventer 144,191 decumanus 139, 167 ierreocanus 140 flavidulus 189 flavi venter. 191 infraluteus 143 jerdoni 144 lancaveiisis 188 norvegicus 167 pannosus 190 pellax 147 rajah 149 rattus 167 sabanus 138 surii'er 148, 189 tambelanicus 190 validiis 141 vocii'erans 138, 188 whiteheadi 146 Myadestes cinereus 30 insularis 30 occidentals 30 townsendi 31 Myiopatis montensis 97 semifusca 97 Myiotheretes striaticollis 96 Myospiza manimbe 103 Myotis blythii 155 calif ornicus 124 myotis 155 nesopolus 123, 159 nigr'cans 123, 154 pa 11 id us Myrmecophaga afra. didactyla jubata tamandua tetradactyla.... Myrmydon 153 166 72 73 73 73 72 N Natalus stramineus 161 tumidiroKtri* 160 Nelson , E. W.: The Caribbean seal, xx New birds from Mexico 25-31 Name for eastern fox squir rel...-. 169 Nemacladus ramosissimus 120 Nemoseris californica 121 Neomeris 23 Neoplocaena 23 Nuttallornis borealis .. 98 o Ochotona, exhibition of ix Ochotona davuricus 166 Ochthodiaet: .umigatus 95 fuscorufus 95 luguoris 95 pernix 95 Ochthoeca poliogastra 96 Oenothera bistorta 120 epilobioides 120 ovata 114 Olds, H. W. : Fotm in songs of birds xvi Onoclea sensibilis 64 Opuntia californica 119 serpentina 119 Orca 23 Orcinus orca 24 Ornithogalum nutans ,. 181 Orton, W. A.: Sap-flow of the maple xviii Wilt disease of cotton xviii Orycteropus afra 166 Oryzoborus funereus 102 Oryzomys fulvescens 9 humilior 9 navus 9 Osgood, Wilfred H. : Trip down Yu kon River xvii Chamcea fasciata and sub species 41-42 Osmadenia tenella 121 Osmunda cinnamomea 64 regalis 63 Paeonia californica 115 Palmer, T. S. : Noxious animals and birds xi On genera of dolphins 23-24 On Tatoua and other Eden tates 71-73 Palmer, William: Fauna of Dismal Swamp x Ferns of Hemlock Bluff -xi Evolution of a subspecies xii Exhibition of abnormal ferns xv, xvi Ferns of lower Shenandoah Valley xv Ferns of Dismal Swamp 61-70 Panicum barbulatum 175 commutatum 175 elongatum 175 nitidum 175 polyanthes 175 Parus fasciatus 41 Paspalum pilosum 175 Pentachseta aurea . 121 Penthorum sedoides 177 Perichaena flavida 180 206 The Biological Society of Washington. Perognathus arenicola 153 bangsi. 168 Peucedanum euryptera 120 Phaca canescens 116 tricopoda 116 Phaiomys- 14 Pharomachrus antisianus 92 auriceps 92 iestatus 92 Phyllonycteris bombilroii* 36 plaiiitrons 34 poeyi 33 sezekorni 33 Phyllosticta althaeina 181 Phlox brittonii 182 Physalis intermedia 135 longifolia 135 rigida J34 Physarum rufipes 172 Physeter microps 24 Pickeringia montana 116 Picolaptes lacrymiger 100 Pinus attenuata xiv* Pipilo albigula 27 intermedium 27 mesoleucus 27 Pipreola decora 98 Piranga faceta 104 Pitavia dumosa 119 Plantago aristata 179 patagonica * xv Platycichla carbonaria 108 Platyrhynchus albogularis 96 Podostemon ceratophyllum 177 Poecilothraupis melanogenys 104 Pogonatum breyicaule 173 Polioptila restricta 25 Pollard, C. L.: Exhibition of photo graphs of buildings of New York , Botanical Gardens ix Species characters among violets xii Eight new plants 129-132 - New southern violet 169 Wevf Helian.thus 184 Pollard, C. L. and C. R. Ball: New or noteworthy Louisiana plants. 133-135 N e w n ame for Baptisia texana \ 58 Polyearpon depressum 118 Polygonum cristatum 176 Polypodium acutum 174 americanum 199 biserratum : 174 falcatum 174, 199 glycyrrhiza -. 199 hesperiiim. 200 occidentale 199 oreopliiluin 174 polypodioides 69 rotundatum. 200 . vulgare 199 Poiystichum acrostichoides : 64 Potamogeton pectinatus 175 Potentilla recta 181 Preble, E. A.: New lemming mouse from New Hampshire 43-45 Premnoplex brutmescens 100 Procyon hernandezi 152 pallidus 151 psora 152 Prunella scatoerrinm 134 Psilocarphus gl-biferus 118 tenellus 118 Psittacula.pallida 25 Pteris aquilina 69 Pterygistes lasiopterus 156 maximus 156 Ptilomeris anthemoides 121 aristata 121 Ptilomeris coronaria mutica Pygmornis striigularis Quercusalba nigra 121 175 175 Raflnesquia californica 121 Ranunculus hyperboreus 157 pusillus 158 Ratufa melanopepla : 191 Rehn, James A. G. : Correction rel ative to the Tarsier Older name for Aard vark.... Older name for Ogotona Proper name for Viscacha.... 166 166 166 106 167 152 114 114 114 Older name for Norway rat.. Reithrodontomys clirysopsis Rhamnus cal if ornica crocea laurifqlius Rhamphomicron dorsale Rhus integrifolia 116 laurina 116 Rhynchostegium rusciforme 173 Ribes cereuna 196 divaricatum 115 mescalerium 196 sanguineum 197 villosum 115 viscosissimum 197 Robinia hispida 130 Rosa setigera 181 Sabal palmetto xv Sabbatia corymbosa * 182 Sanicula trifoliata 178 Schizostoma brachyote 154 Schistochlamys atra 104 Sciuropterus klamathensis 151 oregonensis 151 Stephens! 151 Sciurus concolor 183, 191 lerreus 183 ludovicianus 169 neglectus 170 vicinus 170 Sclerurus canigularis 99 propinquus 99 Scotophilus pachyomus 155 Scytalopus analis 101 latebricola 101 micropterus , 102 sylvestris 101 Seaman. W. H. : Bifurcation of the fourth rib in man xv - The Great Dismal Swamp x Sedum edule 119 Seiurus notabilis 105 noveboracensis 105 Selaginella apus 174 Semnopithecus obscurus 193 Senecio californicus 118 coronopus 118 Sericocarpus linifolius 180 Serpophagagrisea 97 Sida californica 117 delphinifolia /. 117 Sidalcea californica 117 delphinifolia 117 Silene virginica 177 index. 207 Page Siptornis antisiensis 99 wyatti 99 Smith, Erwin F.: Effect of acid me dia on growth of certain plant parasites x Biological characteristics as means of species differentiation xi Sugar beets in New York and Michigan xix Solanum carolinense 179 Solidago californica 118 maxoni 132 neglecta 182 Soliva daucifolia 118 sessilis...... 118 Sonchus asper 121 californicus 121 tenerrimus 121 tenuifolius 121 Sphaerel'a infuscans 181 Sphaerostigma bistorta 120 Spiraea salicifolia 177 Stejneger, L. : Post Pliocene migra tions of Siberian mammals into Europe xix Stemonitis smithii 173 Stephens, F. : New mammals from California. 153 Sternberg. Geo. M. : Effect of cold on Magnolia grandiflora x Stiles, C. W.: Parasites of malaria. .xix Parasites that may be intro duced by returning troops xx Stokes. H. N. : Chemical and biolog ical properties of protoplasm. ..xviii Streptanthus heterophyllus 119 repandus 115 Struthopteris cinnamomea 64 regalis 63 Stylocline gnaphaloides 115 Stylosanthes biflora 134 hispidissima 134 Styphonia integrifolia 116 serrata 116 Swingle, W. T.: Occurrence of cy press knees in Europe xvi Sycalisbrowni 102 Synaptomys fatuus 43 innuitus. 43 sphagnicola 43 Tamandua 73 Taraxia ovata - 114 Tarsius tarsier 166 Tatoua 2,71 Tatoua centralis 4, 7 hispida 5 lugubris : 6 Tatu 72 Thomomys douglasi 21 mazama 21 melanops ' 2 yelmensis 21 Thryophilus cinereus 25 Thryothorus pallidus 29 Thysanocarpus crenatus 115 laciniatus 115 Tolman, L. M. : Economic uses of cottonseed oil xviii Tolypeutes 72 Townsend, C. H. : Flying foxes of South Sea Islands xviii Cruise of Albatross in South Sea Islands xviii Page Tragulus canescens 185 javanicus 192 napu 185 M mlu-iii us 191 Trifolium aciculare 116 dubium 180 majus H6 polyphyllum 116 triste 116 Troglodytes brunneicollis 106 monticola 106 rufociliatus 106 Trogon personatus 93 True, F. W.: Newfoundland whale fishery xvii New name for Sciurus aberti concolor 183 Tsuga canadensis 175 Tuckermannia maritima 121 Tupaia ferruginea 193 Tursio microps 24 vulgaris 24 Tursiops 24 Tyranniscusnigricapillus 98 U 73 1-21 121 56 54 Uroleptes.. Uropappus grandiflorus heterocarpus Ursus americanus amplidens floridanus , 55 fossilis t 54 haplodon 54 proeerus 53 Umbellularia californica, exhibition of ix Uvularia grandiflora 176 Vaccinum constable! 182 Vallisneria spiralis 175 Velaea arguta 120 Verbesina occidentalis 179 Vernonia maxima 182 pubesceiis 179 Vespertilio blossevillii 155, 165 blythii 155 bonariensis 165 concinnus 154 murinus 156 pachyomus... 156 serotinus. 156 Vesperugo maxima 156 Viola afflnis 178 alafeamensis .169 alsophila 173 amorpliophylla 129 Carolina 169 douglasi 130 papilionacea 178 prtiiiiosa 130 villosa 169 Vireo josephae 105 Viscacia viscaccica 167 viscacia 184 Vitis cordifolia 180 W Waite, M. B.t The Great Dismal Swamp x Effect of cold on vegetation., xi 208 The Biological Society of Washington. Page Waite, M. B.: Soil inoculation with soy beans xiv Michigan peach orchards xvl Abnormal apple xix Ward, Lester F. ; The Great Dismal Swamp x Fossil forests of Arizona xiv Webber, H. J.: Recent researches of Lawson on Cobaea ecandens x Polyembryony in Citrus hy brids xii Hybridization in origination of cultivated plants xiv Compound leaves of Ampelop- sis tricuspidata xiii Necessity for new term for varieties of cultivated plants xiv Bifurcation in trunk of Sa- bal palmetto xv Exhibition of aerating roots of various plants xvi Exhibition of photograph of tropical papaw xvi Migration of vegetative nu cleus in the pollen tube of Zamia xvii Chemical and biological prop erties of protoplasm xviii On cotton hybrids .....xviii White, David: Geology and physiog raphy of Dismal Swamp x Page Wilcox, E. V.: Lupines poisonous to stock xvi Williams, T. A.: New Lecidea from Mexico xvi Woods, A. F.: Microchemical reac tions resembling Fungi xi Spot disease of carnations... xiii Chemical and biological prop erties of protoplasm xviii Woodwardia areolata 69 virgin ica 68 Worcester, Dean C. Birds and mam mals of Philippines xvii Xenurus 71 Xenurus gymnurus hispidus latirostris Xyloooccus bicolor Xylothermia montana 115 116 Ziphila lugubris 6 Zygodesmus tiliaceus 180 _ O > ^ k z \ u> z co 2 X^T^N. < V 2 _ "vr- 2 > ; 1 ES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIiniliSNI NVINOSHil^S^SS I d Vd CO UJ m X^ov/X ^ ^.V^^/M _-v ^ DD ssiavdan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUT r- Z ^. 51 :IES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIiniliSNI NVINOSHil^S S3iyVd BRARIES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUT CO Ul CJ _ >sl LnillSNl~ J NVINOSHlllNS*'S3 I H Vd 8 II """ll B R AR I ES^MITHSONIAN^INST Z r- 2 r~ x^&, ? S^^A ; J*^ 1 s /^ w .., e - m xawisx ^ m RAR I ES^SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION' /> NOUniliSNI~NVINOSHllWs'"s3 I * | ^ I \ &ffi& I W X nilJLSNI NV!NOSHilWS W S3 1 (/) Z CO 2 an_LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTI in RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOI 3 9088009528019